{"id":139,"date":"2021-07-23T15:10:21","date_gmt":"2021-07-23T12:10:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.safirtema.com\/safirblog\/2018\/05\/03\/yaz-meyveleri-ve-faydalari-nelerdir\/"},"modified":"2021-12-06T20:01:16","modified_gmt":"2021-12-06T17:01:16","slug":"kelam-ilmi-literaturu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/kelam-ilmi-literaturu\/","title":{"rendered":"Kelam \u0130lmi Literat\u00fcr\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_wrap_left no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Kelam_Ilmi_Literaturu\">Kelam \u0130lmi Literat\u00fcr\u00fc<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Kelam_Ilminin_Baslica_Konulari\">Kelam \u0130lminin Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Konular\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kelam_Ilminin_En_Meshur_Kaynaklari\">Kelam \u0130lminin En Me\u015fhur Kaynaklar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Mutekaddimun_Donemi_Kaynaklari\">M\u00fctekaddimun D\u00f6nemi Kaynaklar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-el-Ibane_Usulid-Diyane\">1-el-\u0130bane Usuli\u2019d-Diyane<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-et-Temhidul-evail_ve_Telhisid-Delail\">2-et-Temhidu\u2019l-evail ve Telh\u0131s\u0131\u2019d-Delail<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-Kitabut-Tevhit\">3-Kitab\u00fc\u2019t-Tevhit <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-Tebsiratul-Edille\">4-Tebs\u0131rat\u00fc\u2019l-Edille<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-Sevadul-Azam\">5-Sevad\u00fc\u2019l-Azam<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Muteahhirun_Donemi_Kaynaklari\">M\u00fcteahhirun D\u00f6nemi Kaynaklar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-el-Iktisat_fil-Itikad\">1-el-\u0130ktisat fi\u2019l-\u0130tikad<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-Nihayetul-Ikdam\">2-Nihayet\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130kdam<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-el-Muhassal\">3-el-Muhassal<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-Ebkarul-Efkar\">4-Ebkaru\u2019l-Efk\u00e2r<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-Tevaliul-Envar\">5-Tevaliu\u2019l-Envar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yeni_Ilmi_Kelamin_En_Meshur_Kaynaklari\">Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam\u0131n En Me\u015fhur Kaynaklar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><ul><li><a href=\"#1-Yeni_Ilmi_Kelam\">1-Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-Risaletut-Tevhid\">2-Risalet\u00fc\u2019t-Tevhid<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-el-Kelam\">3-el-Kelam<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-Tenkihul-Kelam\">4-Tenkihu\u2019l-Kelam<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-Uss-i_Islam_Hakaik-i_Islamiyyeye_Mustenid_Yeni_Ilm-i_Akaid\">5-\u00dcss-i \u0130slam: Hakaik-i \u0130slamiyye\u2019ye M\u00fcstenid Yeni \u0130lm-i Akaid<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynaklar\">Kaynaklar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Kelam_Ilmi_Literaturu\"><strong>Kelam \u0130lmi Literat\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/firka\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">f\u0131rkala\u015fma<\/a> her ne kadar bir t\u00fcr kutupla\u015fma ortam\u0131 do\u011furmu\u015fsa da faydalar\u0131 da olmu\u015ftur. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin \u00e7e\u015fitlenmesi, farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalara hitap eden yorumlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 bir yana ciddi bir literat\u00fcr birikimi de olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Diyebiliriz ki f\u0131rkala\u015fman\u0131n en g\u00fczel y\u00f6nlerinden biri her mezhebin ve ekol\u00fcn kendine has bir <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kitabiyat\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kitabiyat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">literat\u00fcr<\/a> olu\u015fturmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu literat\u00fcr yani ilmi yek\u00fbn <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ilim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ilim\">\u0130slami ilimleri<\/a> her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn zenginle\u015ftirmi\u015f ve tarihin \u015fahit olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Konu zenginli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Kelam ilmi geni\u015f literat\u00fcre sahip sahalar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. Ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 konular\u0131n \u00f6nemi ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Kelam ilminin sahip oldu\u011fu kitabi birikim \u0130slam medeniyet ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck ehemmiyete sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Kelam_Ilminin_Baslica_Konulari\"><strong>Kelam \u0130lminin Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Konular\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Her ilim dal\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi Kelam ilminin de konular\u0131 zaman i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7e\u015fitlenmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk ba\u015flarda \u201cAllah\u2019\u0131n tevhidi ve s\u0131fatlar\u0131\u201d ile ilgilenirken sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde felsefe terc\u00fcmeleri vesilesiyle konusu \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mevcud\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mevcud\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mevcut<\/a>\u201d olmu\u015f, m\u00fcteahhirun d\u00f6neminde ise \u201cmalum\u201d haline gelmi\u015ftir. Yani ilk zamanlarda iman esaslar\u0131 ile ilgilenmi\u015ftir. Sonra felsefenin etkisiyle mutlak var olmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan mevcudu ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/kis-aylarinda-istanbulda-yapilabilecek-4-aktivite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"\u0130mam Gazali\">Gazali\u2019<\/a>nin mant\u0131k ilmini <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/kelam-ilmi-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Kelam \u0130lmi Nedir?\">kelam<\/a> ilmine dahil etmesi ile de insan taraf\u0131ndan bilenebilen her \u015fey (malum) Kelam\u0131n konusu haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir ba\u015fka a\u00e7\u0131dan Kelam\u0131n konular\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/uluhiyet\/\" title=\"Uluhiyet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ilahiyyat,<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/nubuvvet\/\" title=\"N\u00fcb\u00fcvvet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">n\u00fcb\u00fcvvat<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ahiret\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ahiret\">ahiret <\/a>\u015feklinde ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lahiyattan maksat; Allah\u2019\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve birli\u011fi, s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131n mahiyeti gibi konulard\u0131r. N\u00fcb\u00fcvvattan maksat ise peygamberli\u011fin mahiyeti, hakikati, mucize ve vahiy konular\u0131d\u0131r. Ahiret ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda da kabir azab\u0131, kabir hayat\u0131, k\u0131yamet, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hasir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hasir\">ha\u015fr<\/a>-ne\u015fr gibi mevzular bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kelam ilminin konular\u0131n\u0131 bir de mesail-mekas\u0131d, celilu\u2019l-kelam-dakiku\u2019l-kelam olarak ikili ayr\u0131ma tabi tutabiliriz. Bu terkiplerin birinci k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer alan kavramlar, Kelam ilminin temel konular\u0131n\u0131 yani ele alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u0130slam esaslar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eder. Terkiplerin i\u00e7indeki ikinci kavramlar ise \u0130slam esaslar\u0131n\u0131 temellendirmede kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemler, ara\u00e7lar olarak tarif edilebilir. Bu ayr\u0131ma g\u00f6re varit olan naslar ve ilahi kaideler bellidir. Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bu kaidelerin bir usul \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde akla uygun izah\u0131 ve sabite haline getirilmesidir. \u0130\u015fte Kelam konusunu bu ilke-vas\u0131ta, problem-ama\u00e7lar te\u015fkil eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Kelam_Ilminin_En_Meshur_Kaynaklari\"><strong>Kelam \u0130lminin En Me\u015fhur Kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-845\" width=\"359\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 359px) 100vw, 359px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Kelam literat\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fctekaddimun ve m\u00fcteahhirun \u015feklinde ikili bir ayr\u0131ma tabi tutabiliriz. Kelam ilminin geli\u015fimini g\u00f6stermesi ve kitaplar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131n takdir edilebilmesi i\u00e7in bu y\u00f6ntem daha iyi olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Mutekaddimun_Donemi_Kaynaklari\"><strong>M\u00fctekaddimun D\u00f6nemi Kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"1-el-Ibane_Usulid-Diyane\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/el-ibane\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/el-ibane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1-el-\u0130bane Usuli\u2019d-Diyane<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u015fari mezhebinin kurucusu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/imam-esari\/\" title=\"\u0130mam E\u015f\u2019ari\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Hasan el-E\u015fari<\/a>\u2019ye ait olan bu eser sahan\u0131n en k\u00fclt kitaplar\u0131ndan biridir. \u0130\u00e7erisinde t\u00fcm konular i\u015flense de sistematik bir yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Muhtelif f\u0131rkalar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine yer verilirken, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/mutezile-mezhebi\/\" title=\"Mutezile Mezhebi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mutezile<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cehmiyye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cehmiyye\">Cehmiyye <\/a>gibi sapk\u0131n f\u0131rkalar\u0131n kanaatleri de ciddi \u015fekilde tenkit edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"2-et-Temhidul-evail_ve_Telhisid-Delail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/et-temhid--bakillani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/et-temhid--bakillani\">2-et-Temhidu\u2019l-evail ve Telh\u0131s\u0131\u2019d-Delail<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/bakillani\/\" title=\"\u0130mam Bakillani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bak\u0131llani<\/a>\u2019ye ait olan bu eserin en \u00f6nemli k\u0131sm\u0131 ilahiyat bahislerinin oldu\u011fu k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r. Bahislerin detaylar\u0131yla ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde sapk\u0131n f\u0131rkalar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriyle beraber <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ebu-hasim-el-cubbai\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ebu-hasim-el-cubbai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ha\u015fim el-C\u00fcbbai<\/a>\u2019nin <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ahval\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ahval\">ahval teorisi <\/a>de tenkite tabi tutulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"3-Kitabut-Tevhit\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kitabut-tevhid--maturidi\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kitabut-tevhid--maturidi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3-Kitab\u00fc\u2019t-Tevhit <\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/maturidiyye-mezhebi\/\" title=\"Maturidiyye Mezhebi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Maturidiyye<\/a> ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn kurucusu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/imam-maturidi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"\u0130mam Maturidi\">\u0130mam Maturidi<\/a>\u2019ye aittir. M\u00fcteahhir d\u00f6nemin t\u00fcm kitaplar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi sistemati\u011fi olmayan bir eserdir. \u0130\u00e7erisinde 35 bahis i\u015flenir. \u0130lahiyat konular\u0131na a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verilmekle beraber Kelam ilmi kapsam\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm bahislere havidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"4-Tebsiratul-Edille\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tebsiratul-edille\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tebsiratul-edille\">4-Tebs\u0131rat\u00fc\u2019l-Edille<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Maturidiyye mezhebinin en \u00f6nemli isimlerinden biri olan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ebul-muin-en-nesefi\/\" title=\"Ebu\u2019l Muin en-Nesefi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ebu\u2019l-Muin en-Nesefi<\/a>\u2019ye aittir. Eser toplamda 45 babdan meydana gelir. Bilgi, bilgi edinmenin yollar\u0131 gibi konulara yer verilirken yukar\u0131daki eserlerde oldu\u011fu gibi en fazla ehemmiyet verilen bahisler ilahiyat konular\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"5-Sevadul-Azam\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/es-sevadul-azam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/es-sevadul-azam\">5-Sevad\u00fc\u2019l-Azam<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcteahhirun d\u00f6neminin \u00f6nemli isimlerinden bir di\u011feri olan <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hakim-es-semerkandi\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hakim-es-semerkandi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">H\u00e2kim es-Semerkandi<\/a>\u2019ye aittir. Eserin Maturidi de\u011fil de <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hanefi-mezhebi\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hanefi-mezhebi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hanefi <\/a>akaidine ait oldu\u011fu da iddia edilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ebu-hanife\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ebu-hanife\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ebu Hanife<\/a>\u2019nin risalelerine benzerlik dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Di\u011fer taraftan Maturidi alimlerin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 naslar kullan\u0131larak konular i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. Dini kavramlar basit bir dille izah edilirken, \u015eia, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kerramiyye\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kerramiyye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kerramiyye<\/a> ve Cehmiyye gibi f\u0131rkalar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri son derece sert bir \u00fcslup ile ele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcteahhirun d\u00f6neminin di\u011fer ba\u015fat kaynaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fu eserler zikredilebilir: <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mucerredu-makalat\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mucerredu-makalat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">el-M\u00fccerred-u Makalati\u2019l-E\u015fari<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/el-fark-beynel-firak\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/el-fark-beynel-firak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">el-Fark Beyne\u2019l-Firak<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/es-samil\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/es-samil\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">e\u015f-\u015eamil fi Usuli\u2019d-Din<\/a>, C\u00fcmel-\u00fc Usuli\u2019d-Din, Usuli\u2019d-Din.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Muteahhirun_Donemi_Kaynaklari\"><strong>M\u00fcteahhirun D\u00f6nemi Kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"1-el-Iktisat_fil-Itikad\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/el-iktisad-fil-itikad\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/el-iktisad-fil-itikad\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1-el-\u0130ktisat fi\u2019l-\u0130tikad<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck kelamc\u0131, mutasavv\u0131f ve filozof <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/kis-aylarinda-istanbulda-yapilabilecek-4-aktivite\/\" title=\"\u0130mam Gazali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gazali<\/a>\u2019ye aittir. Eserin ismi \u0130hya-u <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ihyau-ulumid-din\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ihyau-ulumid-din\">Ulumi\u2019d-Din\u2019de<\/a> ge\u00e7mekle beraber kitab\u0131n i\u00e7inde <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tehafutul-felasife\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tehafutul-felasife\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tehaf\u00fct\u00fc\u2019l-Felasife<\/a>, ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/miyarul-ilm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/miyarul-ilm\">Mi\u2019yaru\u2019l-\u0130lim <\/a>gibi kitaplara at\u0131flar vard\u0131r. M\u00fcteahhirun d\u00f6nemi eserlerine nazaran daha sistematik bir yap\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130lahiyat bahisleri ba\u015flayan eser n\u00fcb\u00fcvvet ve ahiret bahisleriyle devam etmektedir. E\u015fari akaidinin klasik kitaplar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"2-Nihayetul-Ikdam\">2<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/nihayetul-ikdam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/nihayetul-ikdam\">-Nihayet\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130kdam<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sehristani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sehristani\">\u015eehristani<\/a>\u2019ye ait olan eserin tam ad\u0131; Nihayet\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130kdam fi ilmi\u2019l-kelam\u2019d\u0131r. Yirmi bahisten m\u00fcte\u015fekkil olan bu eserin ayr\u0131t edici taraf\u0131 \u0130slam mezhepleri taraf\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 konulara girmesidir. \u015eehristani, \u0130slam filozoflar\u0131n\u0131n da tutars\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 isim vererek ele\u015ftiriye tabi tutmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n haricinde t\u00fcm konular\u0131n sistematik kelam yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re i\u015flendi\u011fi dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"3-el-Muhassal\">3-el-Muhassal<\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/fahruddin-razi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Fahruddin Razi\">Fahreddin er-Razi<\/a>\u2019nin alim ve hakimlerden olu\u015fan bir gruba Kelam \u00f6\u011frenmeleri i\u00e7in yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bir eserdir. Temel bahisleri sade bir anlatmak maksad\u0131yla kaleme al\u0131nan eser d\u00f6rt ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilgi edinme yollar\u0131yla beraber t\u00fcm konular i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. Sadece konular\u0131 i\u015flemekle yetinmeyen eser tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da konular\u0131 da ele alm\u0131\u015f ve kimi sapk\u0131n f\u0131rkalara ele\u015ftiriler de bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"4-Ebkarul-Efkar\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ebkarul-efkar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ebkarul-efkar\">4-Ebkaru\u2019l-Efk\u00e2r<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Eser, E\u015fari alimlerinden <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/amidi-seyfeddin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/amidi-seyfeddin\">Seyfeddin el-Amidi\u2019<\/a>ye aittir. Kitab\u0131n giri\u015finde Kelam ilminin faziletlerinden ve di\u011fer t\u00fcm ilimlerin temeli oldu\u011fundan bahsedilir. Ayr\u0131ca m\u00fcteahhirun ve m\u00fctekaddimun d\u00f6nemi \u015feklinde ikili ayr\u0131m yap\u0131larak k\u0131sa bir Kelam ilmi tarihi yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sekiz b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fan eserde t\u00fcm konular i\u015flenirken, imamet Kelam\u0131n dolayl\u0131 konular\u0131na de\u011finilmi\u015f ve \u00f6zellikle <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ahval\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ahval\">Ahval Teorisi<\/a> ele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"5-Tevaliul-Envar\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tavaliul-envar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tavaliul-envar\">5-Tevaliu\u2019l-Envar<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/beyzavi\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/beyzavi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kad\u0131 Beyzavi<\/a>\u2019ye ait olan bu eserin ay\u0131rt edici taraf\u0131 kendi d\u00f6nemindeki di\u011fer eserlere nazaran farkl\u0131 bir sistematik denemesidir. Beyzavi eserinin mukaddimesi ve birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Kelam ilminin destekleyen felsefe mant\u0131k kaidelerine ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu iki b\u00f6l\u00fcm kitab\u0131ndan yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etmektedir. Kalan k\u0131sm\u0131nda ise Kelam konular\u0131na \u00e7ok k\u0131saca de\u011finilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylelikle Tevaliu\u2019l-Envar Kelam kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n felsefe a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda kendisinden sonraki eserlere \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Yeni_Ilmi_Kelamin_En_Meshur_Kaynaklari\"><strong>Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam\u0131n En Me\u015fhur Kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/tefsir-4-min-1024x645.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-981\" width=\"323\" height=\"202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/tefsir-4-min-1024x645.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/tefsir-4-min-300x189.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 323px) 100vw, 323px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam, Kelam ilminin durgunluk d\u00f6neminden sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir yenilenme ekol\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu ekol\u00fcn en ba\u015fat \u00f6zelli\u011fi Kelam\u0131 yeniden \u00e7a\u011fa uygun hale getirmektir. Sanayi devrimi sonras\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fen d\u00fcnyaya eski kavramlar ve y\u00f6ntemlerle yakla\u015fmay\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f bulan bu ak\u0131m, bir t\u00fcr modern zaman hareketidir. Belli ba\u015fl\u0131 \u00f6nc\u00fcleri olan ekol\u00fcn literat\u00fcr\u00fc son derece k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 olmakla beraber d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda istenen yank\u0131y\u0131 uyand\u0131ramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 ile k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 kalan etki alan\u0131 sebebiyle geli\u015fimi istenen seviyede olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ekol\u00fcn kurucu-geli\u015ftirici simalar\u0131 ve kitaplar\u0131 ise \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"1-Yeni_Ilmi_Kelam\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/yeni-ilm-i-kelam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/yeni-ilm-i-kelam\">1-Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/izmirli-ismail-hakki\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/izmirli-ismail-hakki\">\u0130zmirli \u0130smail Hakk\u0131<\/a>\u2019ya aittir. \u0130zmirli Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n son d\u00f6nem ayd\u0131nlar\u0131ndan biri olmakla beraber Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ekol\u00fcn ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi eseri iki kitaptan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca tamamlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kitap \u015f\u00fcmull\u00fc yorumlar geli\u015ftirilememi\u015ftir. Fakat belli ba\u015fl\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri aras\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin filozoflar\u0131na yer vermesi, felsefi ak\u0131mlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden faydalanmas\u0131 ve geleneksel kelam y\u00f6ntemleri ile akt\u00fcel metotlar\u0131 mezcetme \u00e7abas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"2-Risaletut-Tevhid\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/risaletut-tevhid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/risaletut-tevhid\">2-Risalet\u00fc\u2019t-Tevhid<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Tefsir sahas\u0131ndaki yenilikleriyle de tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muhammed-abduh\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muhammed-abduh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Muhammed Abduh\u2019a<\/a> aittir. Beyrut s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcnde Sultaniye Medresesinde vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu akait derslerinin notlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu notlar\u0131 daha sonra tekrar tashih ederek toparlam\u0131\u015f ve bast\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eserdeki konular\u0131n ele al\u0131n\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imi geleneksel olan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmakla beraber farkl\u0131 bir sistemati\u011fe de sahiptir. Yeni bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 geli\u015ftiren bu eser Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam literat\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7inde say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"3-el-Kelam\">3-el-Kelam<\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam\u0131n Hindistan temsilcisi diyebilece\u011fimiz <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sibli-numani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sibli-numani\">\u015eibli Numani<\/a>\u2019ye aittir bu eser. Misyonerlik faaliyetlerinin \u0130slami anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi ve dini faaliyetleri sekteye u\u011fratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eibliNumani, dinin b\u00f6yle bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda ancak Kelam ilmi ile yeniden dirilebilece\u011fini ifade etmi\u015f ve eserinin ba\u015f\u0131nda Kelam ilminin gereklili\u011fine vurgu yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yeni bir kelam ilminin te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmesi gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015f fakat bundan \u00f6nce geleneksel kelami y\u00f6nelimin iyi \u015fekilde kavranmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"4-Tenkihul-Kelam\">4-Tenkihu\u2019l-Kelam<\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Son d\u00f6nem Osmanl\u0131 alimlerinden biri olan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/abdullatif-harputi\/\" title=\"Abd\u00fcllatif Harputi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Abd\u00fcllatif Harputi\u2019<\/a>ye aittir. Harputi, Kelam\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden vesail yani y\u00f6ntemler k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n zaman i\u00e7erisinde de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Bu sebeple nas\u0131l ki Razi, kelam\u0131 felsefe ile birle\u015ftirmi\u015f ve d\u00f6neminin pozitif bilimlerini kullanm\u0131\u015fsa Harputi de ayn\u0131 usul\u00fc uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kelam\u0131 g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken d\u00f6neminin fizik, kimya, biyoloji ve psikoloji bilimlerinin sundu\u011fu verileri eserinde kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130slam dininin objektif bilimlere ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispatlayan Tenkihu\u2019l-Kelam, dini kaideleri temellendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken gaybi hakikatleri maddile\u015ftirme \u00e7abas\u0131na da d\u00fc\u015fmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5><span id=\"5-Uss-i_Islam_Hakaik-i_Islamiyyeye_Mustenid_Yeni_Ilm-i_Akaid\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.diyanetvakfiyayin.com.tr\/islam-inanc-esaslari-ussi-islam\/sehbenderzade-filibeli-ahmed-hilmi\/islam-kulturu\/islam\/63412\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/www.diyanetvakfiyayin.com.tr\/islam-inanc-esaslari-ussi-islam\/sehbenderzade-filibeli-ahmed-hilmi\/islam-kulturu\/islam\/63412\">5-\u00dcss-i \u0130slam: Hakaik-i \u0130slamiyye\u2019ye M\u00fcstenid Yeni \u0130lm-i Akaid<\/a><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Yine son d\u00f6nem Osmanl\u0131 m\u00fcnevverlerinden biri olan <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sehbenderzade-ahmed-hilmi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sehbenderzade-ahmed-hilmi\">Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi<\/a>\u2019ye<a name=\"_ftnref72\" href=\"#_ftn72\"> <\/a>aittir. Filibeli renkli ki\u015fili\u011fi ile pek \u00e7ok sahada eser telif etmi\u015ftir. Fakat \u00f6zellikle tasavvuf, felsefe ve kelam ilgi alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7indedir. Osmanl\u0131\u2019da ilmi hareketlerin yeniden g\u00fc\u00e7 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yenilik aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r bu eseri. Ay\u0131rt edici taraf\u0131 itikadi esaslar\u0131 sarih \u015fekilde ele al\u0131rken d\u00f6nemin sapk\u0131n fikirlerine de de\u011finerek tenkit etmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>Bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 okuyanlar i\u00e7in bir di\u011fer makale \u00f6nerisi: &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/mezhep-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Mezhep Nedir?\">Mezhep Nedir?<\/a>&#8220;<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Kaynaklar\"><strong>Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>TDV \u0130slam Ansiklopedisi, Yeni \u0130lmi Kelam Maddesi.<\/em><br><em>TDV \u0130slam Ansiklopedisi, Kelam Maddesi.<\/em><br><em>E\u015farilik-Maturidilik \u0130li\u015fkisi, Mehmet Kalayc\u0131, Ankara Okulu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2017.<\/em><br><em>Kelam Tarihi, \u015eerafettin G\u00f6lc\u00fck, Hikmetevi Yay\u0131nevi, \u0130stanbul, 2021.<\/em><br><em>Kelam Tarihi ve Ekolleri, Hulusi Arslan, Ensar Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2020<\/em><br><em>Ana Hatlar\u0131yla \u0130slam Mezhepleri Tarihi, Mustafa \u00d6z, Ensar Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 \u0130stanbul, 2014.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kelam \u0130lmi Literat\u00fcr\u00fc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[458,460,459],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=139"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2088,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139\/revisions\/2088"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}