{"id":149,"date":"2021-07-10T15:11:44","date_gmt":"2021-07-10T12:11:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.safirtema.com\/safirblog\/2018\/05\/03\/kendinizi-daha-iyi-hissetmeniz-icin-5-oneri\/"},"modified":"2021-12-02T12:49:26","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T09:49:26","slug":"mutezile-mezhebi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/mutezile-mezhebi\/","title":{"rendered":"Mutezile Mezhebi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_wrap_left no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Mutezile_Mezhebi\">Mutezile Mezhebi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Isimleri\">Mutezile Mezhebinin \u0130simleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#a-Mutezile\">a-Mutezile<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#b-Ehlut-Tevhid_vel-Adl\">b-Ehlu\u2019t-Tevhid ve\u2019l-Adl<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#c-Kaderiyye\">c-Kaderiyye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#d-Seneviyye_ve_Mecusiyye\">d-Seneviyye ve Mecusiyye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#e-Cehmiyye\">e-Cehmiyye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#f-Havaric\">f-Havaric<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#g-Vaidiyye\">g-Va\u2019idiyye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-Muattila\">h-Mu\u2019att\u0131la<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Tesekkul_Sureci\">Mutezile Mezhebinin Te\u015fekk\u00fcl S\u00fcreci<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Dogus_ve_Gelisme_H_100-198\">Do\u011fu\u015f ve Geli\u015fme (H. 100-198)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Altin_Cag_H_198-232\">Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f (H. 198-232)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Zayiflama_ve_Gerileme_H_232-8230\">Zay\u0131flama ve Gerileme (H. 232-&#8230;)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Bes_Temel_Esasi_Usul-u_Hamse\">Mutezile Mezhebinin Be\u015f Temel Esas\u0131 (Usul-\u00fc Hamse)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Tevhid\">Tevhid<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Adalet\">Ad\u00e2let<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Vad_ve_Vaid\">Va\u2019d ve Vaid<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#el-Menzilet-u_Beynel-Menzileteyn\">el-Menzilet-u Beyne\u2019l-Menzileteyn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Emr-i_bil-Maruf_ven-Nehyi_anil-Munker\">Emr-i bi\u2019l-Ma\u2019r\u00fbf ve\u2019n-Nehyi ani\u2019l-M\u00fcnker<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Kendine_Has_Diger_Gorusleri\">Mutezile Mezhebinin Kendine Has Di\u011fer G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Oncu_Alimleri\">Mutezile Mezhebinin \u00d6nc\u00fc \u00c2limleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Islam_Dusuncesine_Etkisi\">Mutezile Mezhebinin \u0130slam D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine Etkisi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynaklar\">Kaynaklar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Mutezile_Mezhebi\"><strong>Mutezile Mezhebi<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mutezile\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mutezile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mutezile<\/a> ekol\u00fc hicri ikinci as\u0131rda yabanc\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin ve dinlerin bulu\u015ftu\u011fu bir ilim merkezi olan Basra\u2019da do\u011fmu\u015ftur. En karakteristik \u00f6zelli\u011fi, itikadi meselelerin yorumunda akl\u0131 \u00f6n planda tutmas\u0131, zaman zaman akl\u0131 h\u00e2kim k\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 itibariyle itikadibir ekol olsa da zamanla itikadi-siyasi h\u00fcviyet kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer taraftan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine nispetle muhtelif f\u0131rkalar taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015fik isimlerle an\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Isimleri\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Mutezile Mezhebinin \u0130simleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"a-Mutezile\"><strong>a-Mutezile<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAyr\u0131lmak\u201d manas\u0131ndaki \u201citiz\u00e2l\u201dden gelir. Ekol\u00fcn kurucusu olan <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/vasil-b-ata\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/vasil-b-ata\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">V\u00e2s\u0131l b. At\u00e2<\/a> (\u00f6.131\/748), <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/murtekib-i-kebire\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/murtekib-i-kebire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">m\u00fcrtekib-i kebire<\/a> konusunda hocas\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hasan-i-basri\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hasan-i-basri\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hasan el-Basri <\/a>(\u00f6.110\/728) ile ihtilafa d\u00fc\u015fer ve kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle hemfikir olanlarla birlikte onun halkas\u0131ndan ayr\u0131larak mescidin s\u00fctunlar\u0131ndan birinin yan\u0131na oturur ve orada kendi ders halkas\u0131n\u0131 kurar. Bunun \u00fczerine Hasan el-Basri \u201citezele \u2018ann\u00e2 V\u00e2s\u0131l (V\u00e2s\u0131l bizden ayr\u0131ld\u0131)\u201d der. Bir ba\u015fka g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re bu isim bidat\u00e7ilerden ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 u\u00e7lardan uzak durduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kendileri taraf\u0131ndan tercih edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"b-Ehlut-Tevhid_vel-Adl\"><strong>b-Ehlu\u2019t-Tevhid ve\u2019l-Adl<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAd\u00e2let\u201d ile <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/kaza-ve-kader\/\" title=\"Kaza ve Kader\">kader <\/a>ink\u00e2r edilir. Allah\u2019a \u015fer nispet etmemek ve onu bundan tenzih etmek i\u00e7in de insan\u0131n kendi fiillerini icat etti\u011fini savunurlar. \u201cTevhid\u201d ile kadim s\u0131fatlar ink\u00e2r edilir. Ayr\u0131ca Allah\u2019\u0131n vahdaniyetini savunmay\u0131 da kastederler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"c-Kaderiyye\"><strong>c-Kaderiyye<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kaderiyye\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kaderiyye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kaderiyye<\/a>, asl\u0131nda Mutezile\u2019den \u00f6nce ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir f\u0131rkad\u0131r. Mutezile, bu f\u0131rkan\u0131n insanlar\u0131n kendi amellerini taktir ettikleri ve Allah\u2019\u0131n bunlarda bir yaratmas\u0131 ve takdiri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini benimsedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu isimle de an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"d-Seneviyye_ve_Mecusiyye\"><strong>d-Seneviyye ve Mecusiyye<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Mutezile, hayr\u0131n Allah\u2019tan, \u015ferrin kuldan ya da \u015feytandan oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul etti\u011fi ve bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f de <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/seneviyye\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/seneviyye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Seneviyye <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mecusilik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mecusilik\">Mecusili\u011fin<\/a> g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne benzedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu isimle an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"e-Cehmiyye\"><strong>e-Cehmiyye<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cehmiyye\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cehmiyye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cehmiyye <\/a>de asl\u0131nda Mutezile\u2019den \u00f6nce ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir f\u0131rkad\u0131r. Mutezile bu f\u0131rkan\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/halkul-kuran\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/halkul-kuran\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n mahl\u00fbk<\/a> oldu\u011fu, s\u0131fatlar\u0131n nefyi ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ruyetullah\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ruyetullah\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ru\u2019yetullah\u0131<\/a> ink\u00e2r gibi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini benimsedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu isimle de an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mesela Ahmed bin Hanbel (\u00f6.241\/855), Buhari (\u00f6.256\/870), \u0130bni Teymiye (\u00f6.728\/1328) gibi alimler \u201cCehmiyye\u201d ifadesinden Mutezile\u2019yi kastederler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"f-Havaric\"><strong>f-Havaric<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcrtekib-i kebirenin k\u00e2fir olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemelerine ra\u011fmen t\u00f6vbe etmeden \u00f6lmesi h\u00e2linde ebedi olarak cehennemde kalaca\u011f\u0131 hususunda Haricilere muvafakat ettikleri i\u00e7in bu isimle an\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"g-Vaidiyye\"><strong>g-Va\u2019idiyye<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah\u2019\u0131n va\u2019d ve vaidine sad\u0131k  oldu\u011fu, t\u00f6vbe etmedik\u00e7e g\u00fcnahlar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamayaca\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden dolay\u0131 bu isimle an\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"h-Muattila\"><strong>h-Mu\u2019att\u0131la<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Cehmiyye\u2019nin Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e2t\u0131l k\u0131lan, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla nefyeden yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 benimsedikleri i\u00e7in t\u0131pk\u0131 onlara \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muattila\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muattila\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mu\u2019att\u0131la<\/a>\u201d denildi\u011fi gibi Mutezilede bu isimle an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Tesekkul_Sureci\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Mutezile Mezhebinin Te\u015fekk\u00fcl S\u00fcreci<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Mutezile-Mezhebi.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874\" width=\"222\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Mutezile-Mezhebi.jpg 626w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Mutezile-Mezhebi-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Mutezile-Mezhebi-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 222px) 100vw, 222px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Dogus_ve_Gelisme_H_100-198\"><strong>Do\u011fu\u015f ve Geli\u015fme (H. 100-198)<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nemde daha \u00f6nce \u00fcmmet taraf\u0131ndan ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lanmayan Kaderiyye ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn olumsuz imaj\u0131ndan kurtulabilmek ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini rahat bir \u015fekilde savunabilmek i\u00e7in Emevi halifelerinin deste\u011fini elde etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Kaderiyye ve Mutezile\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini benimsemi\u015f olan Halife <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/velid-ii\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/velid-ii\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Yezid b. Velid<\/a> (\u00f6.126\/744), Mutezililer taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmi\u015f ve baz\u0131 siyasi meselelerde y\u00f6nlendirilmi\u015ftir. Mesela Mutezililer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 esnas\u0131nda onu karde\u015fi \u0130brahim\u2019i veliaht tayin etmesi i\u00e7in te\u015fvik etmi\u015flerdir. Son Emevi halifesi de Kaderiyye\u2019den etkilenenler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Hatta ona <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cad-b-dirhem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cad-b-dirhem\">Ca\u2019d b. Dirhem<\/a>\u2019in (\u00f6.124\/744) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini benimsedi\u011fi i\u00e7in Ca\u2019d\u00ee denilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abbasiler d\u00f6neminde Mutezile, ekol\u00fcn kurucu imamlar\u0131ndan <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/amr-b-ubeyd\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/amr-b-ubeyd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Amr b. Ubeyd&#8217;in <\/a>(\u00f6.144\/761) yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 olan Ebu Cafer el-Mansur\u2019un (\u00f6.158\/775) hilafetinde etkinli\u011fini art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mansur\u2019dan sonra k\u0131sa bir durgunluk d\u00f6nemi ge\u00e7irmi\u015fler fakat <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/harunurresid\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/harunurresid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Harun Re\u015fid<\/a> (\u00f6.193\/809) d\u00f6neminde idarede yer almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Re\u015fid\u2019in baz\u0131 Mutezilileri yan\u0131nda bulundurmas\u0131na ve devlet ricalinin Mutezili alimlere yak\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00f6stermesine ra\u011fmen, Harun Re\u015fid\u2019in dini konularda titiz ve \u00e7ok m\u00fctedeyyin olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Mutezililer, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini rahatl\u0131kla yayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Mesela Halife, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n mahluk oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dini konularda babas\u0131ndan daha sert olan Emin b. Harun (\u00f6.198\/813) d\u00f6neminde Mutezile\u2019nin y\u00fckseli\u015fi ink\u0131taa u\u011fram\u0131\u015fsa da Me\u2019mun\u2019un (\u00f6.218\/833) halife olmas\u0131yla art\u0131k alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Altin_Cag_H_198-232\"><strong>Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f (H. 198-232)<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lim, felsefe ve edebiyata d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn, m\u00fcnaka\u015fa ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cedel\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cedel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cedeli <\/a>seven bir ki\u015fi olan Me\u2019mun, kendi d\u00f6neminde Mutezile bu sahalarda etkin oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in onlara yak\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve onlardan \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu durum Mutezile\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini devlet eliyle yaymas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat olmu\u015f, bu f\u0131rsat ise Kad\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ibn-ebu-duad\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ibn-ebu-duad\">Ahmed b. Ebi Duad <\/a>(\u00f6.240\/854) eliyle hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2106\" width=\"234\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-2.jpg 419w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-2-266x300.jpg 266w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 234px) 100vw, 234px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130bn Ebi Duad, fikirlerini Me\u2019mun\u2019a kabul ettirmi\u015f, sonunda onu halku\u2019l Kur\u2019an g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc yaymaya ve halk\u0131 buna zorlamaya ikna etmi\u015ftir. Me\u2019mun, hicri 212\u2019de halku\u2019l Kur\u2019an g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Fakat 218 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar insanlar\u0131 buna zorlamad\u0131. Bu y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta birka\u00e7 kez ulemay\u0131 ayn\u0131 konuda imtihana \u00e7ektirdi ve onlar\u0131 halku\u2019l Kur\u2019an g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul etmeye zorlad\u0131. Yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektupta Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n kadim oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen kimsenin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a k\u00fcf\u00fcr ve \u015firk i\u015fledi\u011fini ifade etti, \u0131srar edenlerinse ba\u011flanarak kendisine g\u00f6nderilmelerini, diretenlerin boyunlar\u0131n\u0131n vurulmas\u0131n\u0131 emretti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun \u00fcst\u00fcne Ba\u011fdat polisi \u0130shak b. \u0130brahim (\u00f6.286\/899) fukahay\u0131 toplad\u0131 ve kendilerine Me\u2019mun\u2019un mektubunu okudu. \u0130\u00e7lerinde Ahmed bin Hanbel\u2019in (\u00f6.241\/855) de bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6rt ki\u015fi hari\u00e7 hepsi Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n mahl\u00fbk oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul ettiler. Bunun \u00fczerine tamam\u0131 zincirlendi. Daha sonra tekrar imtihana \u00e7ekildiklerinde aralar\u0131ndan iki ki\u015fi daha bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kabul etti. Ahmed bin Hanbel ve di\u011feri zincirlenerek Tarsus\u2019a g\u00f6nderildi fakat oraya vard\u0131klar\u0131nda Me\u2019mun \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Oradan Ba\u011fdat\u2019a g\u00f6nderilirlerken di\u011fer alim yolda \u00f6ld\u00fc. Ahmed bin Hanbel <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/darusselam--tanzanya\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/darusselam--tanzanya\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Daru\u2019s-Sel\u00e2m<\/a>\u2019a getirilerek hapsedildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Me\u2019mun zaman\u0131nda daha bir\u00e7ok alim halku\u2019l Kur\u2019an konusunda imtihana \u00e7ekildi. Bunlardan kimisi hapsedildi. Me\u2019mun\u2019dan sonra karde\u015fi Mu\u2019tas\u0131m (\u00f6.227\/842) onun vasiyeti \u00fczerine insanlar\u0131 halku\u2019l Kur\u2019an konusunda zorlad\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015flerinde \u0130bn Ebi Duad\u2019a itimat ederek onu k\u00e2d\u0131lkud\u00e2t tayin etti. \u0130bn Ebi Duad, b\u00fct\u00fcn gayretini ve imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 Mutezili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri yaymaya harcad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu d\u00f6nemde imtihana \u00e7ekilen alim ve muhaddislerden baz\u0131s\u0131 i\u015fkence sebebiyle hapiste iken \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bu imtihanlardan en me\u015fhuru Ahmed bin Hanbel\u2019inkidir. Ahmed bin Hanbel, h. 220\u2019de sorgulanana kadar hapiste kalm\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcnlerce s\u00fcren sorgulama ve \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015fkencelere ra\u011fmen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden vazge\u00e7memi\u015ftir. Mu\u2019tas\u0131m\u2019dan sonra halife olan V\u00e2s\u0131k (\u00f6.232\/847) d\u00f6neminde Mutezile, g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn zirvesine ula\u015ft\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden halifeyi devaml\u0131 olarak <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mihne\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mihne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mihneye <\/a>zorlad\u0131lar. Bu d\u00f6nemde de keza bir\u00e7ok alim sorguya \u00e7ekildi, kimisi hapsedildi ve bunlardan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hapiste \u00f6ld\u00fc. V\u00e2s\u0131k d\u00f6neminde mihnenin \u015fiddeti had safhas\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f, bu durum halk\u0131n ondan nefret etmesine sebep olmu\u015ftur. V\u00e2s\u0131k\u2019\u0131n 232\u2019de \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar Mutezile devletin t\u00fcm imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini yaymak i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Zayiflama_ve_Gerileme_H_232-8230\"><strong>Zay\u0131flama ve Gerileme (H. 232-&#8230;)<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e2s\u0131k\u2019tan sonra halife olan M\u00fctevekkil (\u00f6.247\/861), Mutezile\u2019nin bu iktidar\u0131na son verdi ve onunla birlikte zay\u0131flama ve gerileme d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu. Her ne kadar Mutezile 232\u2019de zay\u0131flamaya ba\u015flasa da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hicri dokuzuncu asr\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar devam ettirmi\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u015eia i\u00e7inde Mutezili inan\u00e7 esaslar\u0131 ya\u015famaya devam etmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sia\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u015eia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/usulud-din--bagdadi\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/usulud-din--bagdadi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">us\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019d-din<\/a> noktas\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/imamet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/imamet\">imamet <\/a>d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki konularda hemen hemen Mutezile ile ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri benimsemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fctevekkil, Mutezile\u2019ninetkisini k\u0131rmak ad\u0131na \u015fu ad\u0131mlar\u0131 izledi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1- Hilafete geldi\u011fi y\u0131l Kur\u2019an vb. konularda cedeli yasaklad\u0131.<br>2- Mihneyi kald\u0131rd\u0131 ve V\u00e2s\u0131k d\u00f6neminde hapsedilenleri serbest b\u0131rakt\u0131.<br>3- \u0130bn Ebi Duad\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu Ebu\u2019l-Velid\u2019i k\u00e2d\u0131lkud\u00e2tl\u0131\u011fa tayin etti ancak aradan birka\u00e7 y\u0131l ge\u00e7tikten sonra onu azletti ve karde\u015fleriyle beraber hapse att\u0131rd\u0131.<br>4- Fakihler ve muhaddislere hediyeler g\u00f6ndererek onlardan insanlara Mutezile\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini reddeden hadisleri rivayet etmelerini istedi.<br>5- Ahmed bin Hanbel\u2019le yak\u0131nl\u0131k kurdu ve ona ikramda bulundu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00f6ylelikle Mutezile\u2019ye \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r bir darbe vurulmu\u015f oldu. Mutezile\u2019ye vurulan bir darbe de Mutezilei\u00e7inde imaml\u0131k seviyesine y\u00fckselmi\u015f olan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/imam-esari\/\" title=\"\u0130mam E\u015f\u2019ari\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ebu\u2019l-Hasen el-E\u015fari\u2019nin<\/a> (\u00f6.324\/935-36) Mutezili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini terk ederek onlara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleye giri\u015fmesi olmu\u015ftur. Bu gerileme d\u00f6neminde \u00fc\u00e7 Mutezili isim dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Zira Mutezile etkili olmasa da onlar sayesinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hayatiyetini devam ettirmi\u015ftir: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/nasil-arapca-ogrenebilirim\/\" title=\"Kad\u0131 Abd\u00fclcebbar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">K\u00e2d\u0131 Abdulcebb\u00e2r<\/a> (\u00f6.415\/1025), <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/zemahseri\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/zemahseri\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u00e2rullah ez-Zemah\u015feri <\/a>(\u00f6.538\/1144) ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hakim-el-cusemi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hakim-el-cusemi\">H\u00e2kim el-C\u00fc\u015femi<\/a> (\u00f6.494\/1101).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2107\" width=\"252\" height=\"285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-3.png 685w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-3-266x300.png 266w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 252px) 100vw, 252px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer baz\u0131 co\u011frafyalar\u0131nda ayn\u0131 anda birden fazla halifenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla Ba\u011fdat merkezli halifelik kurumu etkisini b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda yitirmi\u015fse de manevi otoritesini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu sebeple \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kimi gruplar, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kitle \u00fczerinde otoritelerini me\u015fru k\u0131lmak ad\u0131na Ba\u011fdat\u2019taki hilafeti kontrol alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin siyasi \u00e7alkant\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde aktif olarak yer alan Mutezililer, hicri d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc as\u0131rda B\u00fcveyhilerin Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta siyasi iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesiyle birlikte di\u011fer mezhep mensuplar\u0131n\u0131 ciddi bir \u015fekilde rahats\u0131z etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. B\u00fcveyhiler ba\u015fta \u015eiiler olmak \u00fczere Mutezile\u2019ye de destek vererek \u00f6zellikle Irak, Horasan ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/maveraunnehir\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/maveraunnehir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mavera\u00fcnnehir <\/a>b\u00f6lgelerinde bu ekol\u00fcn temsilcilerini \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mutezile\u2019nin C\u00fcbb\u00e2i ekol\u00fcne mensup olan K\u00e2d\u0131 Abdulcebb\u00e2r, B\u00fcveyhi d\u00f6neminin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kad\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015f, Mutezili ve \u015eii kimli\u011fiyle \u015f\u00f6hret bulmu\u015f olan B\u00fcveyhi veziri Sahib b. Abbad ise devletteki en \u00f6nemli makamlara sadece Mutezilileri getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abbasi Halifesi, B\u00fcveyhilerin mezhepler aras\u0131nda gerginlik yaratan bu tasarruflar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyemese de h. 408\u2019de bir genelge yay\u0131nlayarak Mutezililerin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc e\u011fitim ve m\u00fcnazara faaliyetlerine son verilmesini, \u0130slam\u2019a ayk\u0131r\u0131 olan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden vazge\u00e7melerini emretmi\u015f ve aksi taktirde onlar\u0131 \u015fiddetle cezaland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmi\u015ftir. B\u00fcveyhi iktidar\u0131n\u0131n son bulmas\u0131yla birlikte Mutezile mensuplar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131 giderek artm\u0131\u015f ve etkileri b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Gazneli Mahmud (\u00f6.421\/1030) olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6netici d\u00f6neminde ba\u015fta Mutezileve \u015eia olmak \u00fczere muhalif gruplar takip alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve Mutezililer Horasan b\u00f6lgesinden s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sonras\u0131nda Mutezile, kendi i\u00e7inde farkl\u0131la\u015farak de\u011fi\u015fik kollar halinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Bes_Temel_Esasi_Usul-u_Hamse\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Mutezile Mezhebinin Be\u015f Temel Esas\u0131 (<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/usul-i-hamse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/usul-i-hamse\">Usul-\u00fc Hamse<\/a>)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Kelam-Ilmi-Literaturu.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-882\" width=\"286\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Kelam-Ilmi-Literaturu.jpg 626w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Kelam-Ilmi-Literaturu-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 286px) 100vw, 286px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Tevhid\"><strong>Tevhid<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu temel ilkeye g\u00f6re Allah e\u015fi ve benzeri olmayan, t\u00fcm cihetlerden ve mek\u00e2ndan m\u00fcnezzeh, hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde mahl\u00fbkata benzemeyen ve duyularla alg\u0131lanamayan, tek bir ilah ve kadim olan tek varl\u0131kt\u0131r; O\u2019ndan ba\u015fka kadim bir varl\u0131k yoktur. O, vahdaniyeti gere\u011fi kadimdir ve k\u0131dem vasf\u0131 ona mahsustur. O\u2019nun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her \u015fey <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hudus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hudus\">muhdes<\/a>tir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tevhid esas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u015fu ilkelerden bahsedilebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a-Allah\u2019\u0131n S\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130nk\u00e2r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131 O\u2019nun z\u00e2t\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilen \u015feyler de\u011fildir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201cAllah al\u00eem, kad\u00eer, sem\u00ee, bas\u00eerdir&#8221; denilebilir fakat \u201cO\u2019nun ilim, kudret, sem\u2019, basar s\u0131fatlar\u0131 vard\u0131r\u201d denilemez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ilk ifadede kullan\u0131lan kelimeler s\u00eega bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da s\u0131fat olup z\u00e2t\u0131 ve s\u0131fat\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda ifade eder. \u0130kinci ifadede ise s\u0131fat, masdar \u015feklinde zikredilen m\u00fcstakil bir mana olup z\u00e2ta ayr\u0131ca ilave edilmektedir. \u015eu h\u00e2lde Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131 da z\u00e2t\u0131 gibi kadim olaca\u011f\u0131ndan birden fazla kadim benimsenmi\u015f olur (<a href=\"https:\/\/sorularlaislamiyet.com\/teaddud-i-kudema-nedir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/sorularlaislamiyet.com\/teaddud-i-kudema-nedir\">te\u2019add\u00fcd-i kudem\u00e2<\/a>), bu ise tevhid ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b-Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah\u2019\u0131n z\u00e2t\u0131ndan gayr\u0131 kadim bir kelam s\u0131fat\u0131 yoktur. O halde ses, harf ve kelimelerden meydana gelen Kur\u2019an ezel\u00ee ve kadim de\u011fildir; mahl\u00fbk ve muhdestir. E\u011fer Kur\u2019an ezel\u00ee ve kadim olsayd\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019da ifade edilen emir, nehiy ve haberlerin de ezelde var olmas\u0131 gerekirdi ki bu muhaldir. Bunun aksini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen kimse vahdaniyete ters d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Zira bir \u015fey mahl\u00fbk de\u011filse, ezel\u00ee ve kad\u00eem s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f olur ki, bu s\u0131fatlar Allah\u2019a mahsustur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c-Ru\u2019yetullah<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi h\u00e2lik\u0131n hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde mahl\u00fbka benzemeyece\u011fi ilkesine ters d\u00fc\u015fer ve te\u015fbihe yol a\u00e7ar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00f6ren ile g\u00f6r\u00fclen aras\u0131nda \u0131\u015f\u0131k, mesafe vb. cisimlere mahsus durumlar gerekmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Allah\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6zlerle g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>d-Haber\u00ee S\u0131fatlar\u0131n Tevili<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tevh\u00eed ilkesi gere\u011fi, Kur\u2019an ve hadislerde ge\u00e7en <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/istiva\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/istiva\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">istiv\u00e2<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/vecih--kelam\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/vecih--kelam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vech<\/a>, ayn ,s\u00e2k vb. y\u00f6n ve uzuv bildiren ifadeler <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tevil\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tevil\">tevil <\/a>edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Adalet\"><strong>Ad\u00e2let<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ilkeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00f6zellikle kader tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ekseninde \u015fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a-\u0130rade \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah adildir, kullar\u0131na asla zulmetmez. Binaenaleyh kullar, i\u015fledikleri ihtiyari fiilleri (iyilik ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckleri), Allah taraf\u0131ndan kendilerine verilen h\u00fcr ve m\u00fcstakil irade ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirler. Bu fiillerin meydana geli\u015finde ilahibir m\u00fcdahale s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Zira kulun fiili, il\u00e2hi irade ile vuku bulsayd\u0131 kul o fiili <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cebir\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cebir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cebir <\/a>alt\u0131nda yapm\u0131\u015f olurdu. Bu taktirde ondan dolay\u0131 ceza g\u00f6rmesi zul\u00fcm say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kul, kendi fiillerinin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r ve \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131 kabul, Allah\u2019a itaat etmek ya da kafir olmak kendi elindedir. Bununla birlikte Allah, b\u00fct\u00fcn kullar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 kabul edip kendine itaat etmesini diler, insanlara bunu emreder ve g\u00fcnah i\u015flemeyi yasaklar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b-\u0130nsan\u0131n Kudreti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah\u2019\u0131n adalet s\u0131fat\u0131, O\u2019nun adalete ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir \u015fey yapmas\u0131na manidir. Ak\u0131ll\u0131 ki\u015fi ancak hay\u0131rl\u0131 ve iyi (<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/aslah\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/aslah\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">aslah<\/a>) i\u015fleri yapabilir ve Allah, hikmeti gere\u011fi neyin hay\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011funu bilir. O, k\u00f6t\u00fc fiillerde bulunamaz, hay\u0131rl\u0131 olan\u0131 terk edemez. Kullar\u0131ndan imk\u00e2ns\u0131z bir \u015feyi yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 da isteyemez. Hul\u00e2sa edecek olursak; kul i\u00e7in hay\u0131rl\u0131 (aslah) olan\u0131 yaratmak Allah\u2019a vaciptir. O\u2019nun hikmeti, kullar\u0131n iyili\u011fine riayet etmeyi gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c-\u0130yi ve K\u00f6t\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130yi ve k\u00f6t\u00fc olan \u015feyler, Allah onlar i\u00e7in iyi ve k\u00f6t\u00fc dedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6yle de\u011fillerdir. \u0130yilik ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck (h\u00fcs\u00fcn ve kubuh) varl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnde bulunur. Bin\u00e2enaleyh Allah zaten iyi olan \u015feyleri yapmay\u0131 emreder, zaten k\u00f6t\u00fc olan \u015feyleri yapmaktan nehyeder. Bu \u015feylerin iyi veya k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011funu belirtmek i\u00e7in il\u00e2hi kanunlara ihtiya\u00e7 yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Vad_ve_Vaid\"><strong>Va\u2019d ve Vaid<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Ki\u015fi m\u00fcmin ve itaatk\u00e2r olarak ahirete intikal ederse sevap ve m\u00fck\u00e2fata (va\u2019d), buna mukabil imans\u0131z olarak veya b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah i\u015fleyip t\u00f6vbe etmeden \u00f6l\u00fcrse azaba ve ebedi olarak cehennemde kalmaya(vaid) l\u00e2y\u0131k olur. Allah\u2019\u0131n va\u2019dinden ve va\u2019idinden d\u00f6nmemesi onun \u00fczerine vaciptir. Allah b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah\u0131, t\u00f6vbe olmaks\u0131z\u0131n hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde kendi l\u00fctfuyla veya \u015fefaatle affetmez. Bu g\u00fcnah ebedi olarak cehennemde kalmay\u0131 gerektirir. Bin\u00e2enaleyh m\u00fcmin cehenneme ge\u00e7ici bir zaman i\u00e7in de olsa girmez, cehenneme giren ise oradan \u00e7\u0131kamaz. B\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah i\u015fleyenlerin durumu hakk\u0131nda Mutezile\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile Haricilerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc birdir. Ancak Hariciler, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 benimseyen b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah sahiplerine k\u00e2firlerin azab\u0131 gibi azap edilece\u011fini, Mutezile ise onlar\u0131n azab\u0131n\u0131n k\u00e2firlerin azab\u0131ndan biraz daha hafif olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Mutezile-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2109\" width=\"215\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Mutezile-4.jpg 673w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Mutezile-4-256x300.jpg 256w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 215px) 100vw, 215px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"el-Menzilet-u_Beynel-Menzileteyn\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/menzile-beynel-menzileteyn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/menzile-beynel-menzileteyn\">el-Menzilet-u Beyne\u2019l-Menzileteyn<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah i\u015fleyen m\u00fcmin, imandan \u00e7\u0131kar; fas\u0131k olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc amel, imandan bir c\u00fczd\u00fcr. Fakat k\u00fcfre girmez, zira kendisinde h\u00e2l\u00e2 mevcut olan kelime-i \u015fehadet ve benzeri iyilikler k\u00fcf\u00fcrle ba\u011fda\u015fmaz. \u015eu h\u00e2lde iman ile k\u00fcf\u00fcr aras\u0131nda bir yerde, iki menzile aras\u0131nda bir menzilede bulunur. B\u00f6yle bir kimse \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar M\u00fcsl\u00fcman muamelesi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. \u015eartlar\u0131na uyarak t\u00f6vbe ederse imana d\u00f6ner, t\u00f6vbe etmeden \u00f6l\u00fcrse \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc andan itibaren k\u00e2fir say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Emr-i_bil-Maruf_ven-Nehyi_anil-Munker\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/emir-bil-maruf-nehiy-anil-munker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/emir-bil-maruf-nehiy-anil-munker\">Emr-i bi\u2019l-Ma\u2019r\u00fbf ve\u2019n-Nehyi ani\u2019l-M\u00fcnker<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130yili\u011fi emretmek ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckten sak\u0131nd\u0131rmak, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcminlerin g\u00f6revidir. Ancak Mutezile, bu il\u00e2hi emri inan\u00e7 esaslar\u0131ndan biri sayarak ona ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6nem vermi\u015ftir. Maruf, akl\u0131n veya akl\u0131n ve nass\u0131n birlikte iyi ve g\u00fczel dedi\u011fi fiillerdir. M\u00fcnker, akl\u0131n veya akl\u0131n ve nass\u0131n birlikte k\u00f6t\u00fc ve \u00e7irkin g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc fiillerdir. M\u00fcnker fiiller asla Allah\u2019tan s\u00e2d\u0131r olmaz. Onlara g\u00f6re imk\u00e2n ve g\u00fc\u00e7 nispetinde dil, el ve k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ile bu vazifeyi yerine getirmek vaciptir. E\u011fer bunu k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ile yerine getirirlerse bu, cihat gibidir. Sava\u015fta cihat etmek ile kafir ve fas\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 mukavemet etmek aras\u0131nda bir fark yoktur. Bu ilkeye bin\u00e2en Mutezililer, yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n \u0130slam\u2019a yapt\u0131klar\u0131 fikri taarruzlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 savunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Kendine_Has_Diger_Gorusleri\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Mutezile Mezhebinin Kendine Has Di\u011fer G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1- <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kabir\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kabir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kabir azab\u0131 <\/a>ve nimetini, \u00f6l\u00fclerin <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/munker-ve-nekir\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/munker-ve-nekir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">M\u00fcnker ve Nekir<\/a> Melekleri taraf\u0131ndan sorguya \u00e7ekileceklerini reddederler.<br>2- K\u0131yamet alametlerini, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/yecuc-ve-mecuc\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/yecuc-ve-mecuc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ye\u2019c\u00fbc ve Me\u2019c\u00fbc<\/a> ile<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/deccal\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/deccal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Decc\u00e2l<\/a>\u2019in zuhurunu reddederler.<br>3- <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kiramen-katibin\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kiramen-katibin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kir\u00e2men K\u00e2tibin<\/a>\u2019i reddederler. Bu, Allah\u2019\u0131n kullar\u0131n i\u015flediklerinden hakk\u0131yla haberdar olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<br>4- <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/havz-i-kevser\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/havz-i-kevser\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Havz <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sirat\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sirat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">S\u0131r\u00e2t<\/a>\u2019\u0131n fiziki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 reddederler.<br>5- Cennet ve cehennemin h\u00e2len mevcut oldu\u011funu reddederler. Bunlar k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc yarat\u0131lacakt\u0131r<br>6- <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/misak\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/misak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mis\u00e2k<\/a>\u2019\u0131 reddederler ve Allah\u2019\u0131n hi\u00e7bir peygamber, melek ya da ba\u015fka biriyle konu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve onlara nazar etmedi\u011fine inan\u0131rlar.<br>7- Velilerin kerametini reddederler.<br>8- Hz. Peygamber\u2019in (sav) <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mirac\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mirac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mirac\u0131n\u0131 <\/a>reddederler.<br>9- Namaz k\u0131lan\u0131n ve dua edenin sevab\u0131 kendinedir, ba\u015fkas\u0131na gitmez.<br>10- \u0130l\u00e2hi h\u00fck\u00fcm de\u011fi\u015fmeyece\u011fine g\u00f6re duan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir anlam\u0131 yoktur.<br>11- Allah\u2019\u0131n habercisi melekler, O\u2019nun el\u00e7isi resullerden daha y\u00fcksek derecededirler.<br>12- Ak\u0131l, bir imam\u0131n \u00fcmmetin ba\u015f\u0131na tayinini gerektirir.<br>13- <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muctehid\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muctehid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">M\u00fc\u00e7tehit <\/a>hi\u00e7bir zaman h\u00fckm\u00fcnde yan\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Oncu_Alimleri\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Mutezile Mezhebinin \u00d6nc\u00fc \u00c2limleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mutezile ekol\u00fcn\u00fc di\u011fer \u0130slami ekollerden ay\u0131ran karakteristik \u00f6zellik, halk i\u00e7inde kitlesel taraftarlar\u0131 olmayan ve daha \u00e7ok alimler aras\u0131nda kel\u00e2m ilmindeki entelekt\u00fcel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriyle bilinen kelamc\u0131lardan olu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mutezile iki b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131r: Basra Mutezilesi ve Ba\u011fdat Mutezilesi. Basra ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn kurucusu V\u00e2s\u0131l b. At\u00e2, Ba\u011fdat ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn kurucusu <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/bisr-b-mutemir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/bisr-b-mutemir\">Bi\u015fr b. el-Mu\u2019temir<\/a>\u2019dir (\u00f6.210\/825). Ekol\u00fcn \u00f6nc\u00fc alimleri, be\u015f temel ilkede ittifak etmekle birlikte ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara dair pek \u00e7ok konuda ihtilaf etmi\u015flerdir. Bu y\u00fczden her bir \u00f6nc\u00fc alim ayr\u0131 bir f\u0131rka olarak telakki edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2104\" width=\"255\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-1.jpg 499w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mutezile-1-300x248.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 255px) 100vw, 255px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>V\u00e2s\u0131l b. At\u00e2 (\u00f6. 131)<br>Amr b. Ubeyd (\u00f6. 144)<br>Ebu\u2019l-H\u00fczeyl el-All\u00e2f (\u00f6. 226)<br>Bi\u015fr b. el-Mu\u2019temir (\u00f6. 210)<br>Nazz\u00e2m (\u00f6. 231)<br>S\u00fcm\u00e2me b. E\u015fres<a name=\"_ftnref149\" href=\"#_ftn149\">[<\/a> (\u00f6. 213)<br>el-C\u00e2h\u0131z (\u00f6. 255)<br>Ebu\u2019l-H\u00fcseyin el-Hayy\u00e2t (\u00f6. 300)<br>Ebu Ali el-C\u00fcbb\u00e2i (\u00f6. 303)<br>Ebu H\u00e2\u015fim el-C\u00fcbb\u00e2i (\u00f6. 277)<br>K\u00e2d\u0131 Abdulcebb\u00e2r (\u00f6. 415)<br>H\u00e2kim el-C\u00fc\u015femi (\u00f6. 494)<br>C\u00e2rullah ez-Zemah\u015feri (\u00f6. 538)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Mutezile_Mezhebinin_Islam_Dusuncesine_Etkisi\">Mutezile Mezhebinin \u0130slam D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine Etkisi<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1-<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/brahmanizm\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/brahmanizm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Brahmanizm<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hinduizm\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hinduizm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hinduizm<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mecusilik\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mecusilik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mecusilik<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/zerdustilik\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/zerdustilik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Zerd\u00fc\u015ftl\u00fck<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/yahudilik-tarihi\/\" title=\"Yahudilik Tarihi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Yahudilik <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/hristiyanlik-dininin-tarihsel-gelisimi\/\" title=\"Hristiyanl\u0131k Dininin Tarihsel Geli\u015fimi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hristiyanl\u0131k <\/a>gibi dinlerin h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu co\u011frafyalarda \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n tebli\u011fi, yay\u0131lmas\u0131, muhataplar\u0131n ir\u015fad ve ikna edilmesinde, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ilhad\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ilhad\">ilhad <\/a>ve z\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131k gibi kar\u015f\u0131t ak\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn kesilmesinde \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2-\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda dini ve tabii ilimlerin geli\u015fmesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bunun ba\u015f\u0131nda ilimlerde ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, tabiat ilimlerinde deney ve g\u00f6zlem metodunun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gelir. \u0130slam ilimleri tarihinde <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/kelam-ilmi-nedir\/\" title=\"Kelam \u0130lmi Nedir?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kel\u00e2m<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/belagat\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/belagat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bel\u00e2gat<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cedel\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cedel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cedel<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/munazara\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/munazara\">M\u00fcnazara<\/a> ilimlerini onlar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu kabul edilir. Bu y\u00f6ntemler sayesinde kendilerinden sonra da orijinal say\u0131lacak bilgi ve bulu\u015flara ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/nubuvvet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"N\u00fcb\u00fcvvet\">N\u00fcb\u00fcvvet <\/a>meselesinin savunulmas\u0131na ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6nem vermi\u015flerdir. Bu hususta meydana getirdikleri eserler h\u00e2l\u00e2 de\u011ferlerini korumakta ve kendi sahalar\u0131ndaki \u00fcst\u00fcn derecelerini muhafaza etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4-Onlar\u0131n bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi de Kur\u2019an \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bir konuda nakli delil getireceklerinde bunu Kur\u2019an\u2019dan almaya \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir. Dirayet tefsir metodu ilk defa onlar\u0131n ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5-\u00c7o\u011fu \u00f6zel hayat\u0131nda zahid ve m\u00fcttaki olmakla beraber, Kur\u2019an\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 sebebiyle <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sifayolum.com\/?pnum=150&amp;pt=HERMET%C4%B0K+FELSEFE+VE+PRENS%C4%B0PLER%C4%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"http:\/\/www.sifayolum.com\/?pnum=150&amp;pt=HERMET%C4%B0K+FELSEFE+VE+PRENS%C4%B0PLER%C4%B0\">hermetik <\/a>felsefeye dayanan tasavvufa kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6-Onlar\u0131n Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet\u2019e a\u00e7\u0131k etkisi E\u015fari ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 Mutezilei\u00e7inde ge\u00e7irdikten sonra onlardan ayr\u0131lan E\u015fari, ba\u015fta kel\u00e2m metodu olmak \u00fczere il\u00e2hi s\u0131fatlar, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kesb--kelam\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kesb--kelam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">kesb<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cevher\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cevher\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">c\u00fcz\u2019-i l\u00e2 yetecezza<\/a>, tevil ve hud\u00fbs gibi bir\u00e7ok konuda Mutezile\u2019nin etkisinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peygamber g\u00f6ndermenin toplum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gereklili\u011fi, h\u00fcs\u00fcn-kubuh, ak\u0131l-nakil ili\u015fkisi gibi hususlarda ise Mutezile ile Maturidiyye aras\u0131nda benzerlikler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>Bu makaleyi okuyanlar i\u00e7in tavsiye yaz\u0131lar: <\/strong><br><strong>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/esariyye-mezhebi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"E\u015fariyye Mezhebi\">E\u015f&#8217;ariyye Mezhebi<\/a>&#8220;<\/strong><br>&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/mezheplertarihi.blogspot.com\/2012\/01\/mutezile-okuma-listesi.html\" title=\"http:\/\/mezheplertarihi.blogspot.com\/2012\/01\/mutezile-okuma-listesi.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Mutezile Hakk\u0131nda Kapsaml\u0131 Bir \u0130leri Okuma Yapmak \u0130steyenlere Kaynak Listesi<\/strong><\/a>&#8220;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Kaynaklar\"><strong>Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u0130zkevi\u2019ye G\u00f6re Mutezile F\u0131rkalar\u0131 ve G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri, Orhan Ate\u015f, \u0130slami \u0130limler Dergisi, 10\/1, 2015.<\/em><br><em>\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n Ak\u0131lc\u0131 Ekol\u00fc Mutezile, Hasan Kurt, Bayburt E\u011fitim Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi, 7\/2, 2012.<\/em><br><em>ilimd\u00fcnyasi.com, Mutezilenin Kollar\u0131 Makalesi.<\/em><br><em>Mutezile Ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn Tarihsel Ser\u00fcveni, Osman Ayd\u0131nl\u0131, \u0130slami \u0130limler Dergisi, 12\/2, 2017.<\/em><br><em>Mutezile\u2019nin Temel \u00d6\u011fretileri, Orhan \u015eener Kolo\u011flu, \u0130slami \u0130limler Dergisi, 12\/2, 2017.<\/em><br><em>Ana Hatlar\u0131yla \u0130slam Mezhepleri Tarihi, Mustafa \u00d6z, Ensar Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2014.<\/em><br><em>TDV \u0130slam Ansiklopedisi, Mutezile Maddesi.<\/em><br>W<em>ikipedia, Mutezile Maddesi.<\/em><br><em>Din Felsefesi A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Mutezile Gelen Eki 1-2, Recep Alpya\u011f\u0131l, \u0130z Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 2018 \u0130stanbul.<\/em><br><em>Kelam Tarihi, \u015eerafettin G\u00f6lc\u00fck, Hikmet Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2021, \u0130stanbul.<\/em><br><em>Kelam El Kitab\u0131, Der: \u015eaban Ali D\u00fczg\u00fcn, Grafiker Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2012, \u0130stanbul.<\/em><br><em>Kelam \u0130lmi, Bekir Topalo\u011flu, Damla Yay\u0131nevi, 2000, \u0130stanbul.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mutezile Mezhebi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2781,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[441,442,444,443],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/149"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=149"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2110,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/149\/revisions\/2110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}