{"id":2839,"date":"2021-12-07T11:33:50","date_gmt":"2021-12-07T08:33:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/?p=2839"},"modified":"2021-12-13T15:49:53","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T12:49:53","slug":"yuhanna-ed-dimaskinin-bir-hiristiyan-ile-bir-musluman-arasinda-diyalog-risalesinin-degerlendirilmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/yuhanna-ed-dimaskinin-bir-hiristiyan-ile-bir-musluman-arasinda-diyalog-risalesinin-degerlendirilmesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Yuhanna Ed-D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019nin \u201cBir Hristiyan \u0130le Bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Aras\u0131nda Diyalog\u201d Risalesi\u2019nin De\u011ferlendirilmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0130slam fetihleri neticesinde S\u00e2s\u00e2n\u00ee <\/a>(224-651) ve Bizans\u2019\u0131n (330-1453) elinde bulunan topraklar M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n y\u00f6netimine ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bizans\u2019\u0131n kontrol\u00fcnde olan Suriye b\u00f6lgesinin el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi sonucu b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan pek \u00e7ok Hristiyan, \u0130slam dinini benimsemi\u015f ve bu durum H\u0131ristiyan din adamlar\u0131n\u0131 tedirgin etmi\u015ftir. Hem bu din de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kesmek hem de \u0130slam\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunmak maksad\u0131yla baz\u0131 iddialar \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve polemikler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu konuda \u00f6nc\u00fc olan H\u0131ristiyan teologlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n da \u015f\u00fcphesiz Yuhanna ed-D\u0131me\u015fk\u00ee<\/a> gelmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sekizinci y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u015eam\u2019da ya\u015fayan Yuhanna ed-D\u0131me\u015fk\u00ee<\/a> (675-749) t\u0131pk\u0131 babas\u0131 ve dedesi gibi, Emev\u00ee (661-750) iktidar\u0131nda mali b\u00fcrokraside g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015f, daha sonra siyasi ve din\u00ee sebeplerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u015finden ayr\u0131l\u0131p Mar Saba Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019na yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve kendini ilm\u00ee \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara adam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Burada \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu H\u0131ristiyan teolojisi ile ilgili olan pek \u00e7ok eser kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBir Hristiyan ile Bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Aras\u0131nda Diyalog\u201d \u0130simli Risalesinin De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Yuhanna ed-D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019nin diyalog \u015feklinde yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman H\u0131ristiyan tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d<\/em> isimli risalesi \u201cJoannis Damesceni, Disceptatio Christiani\u201d ad\u0131yla ne\u015fredilmi\u015ftir. \u0130slam\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 bir reddiye mahiyetinde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bu eserin D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019ye ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, onun \u00f6\u011frencisi Theodor Ebu Kurra (\u00f6.812) taraf\u0131ndan D\u0131me\u015fki\u2019ye nispet edildi\u011fi de ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Ancak metnin \u015fimdiki hali onun kaleminden \u00e7\u0131kmasa bile muhtevas\u0131 onun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr bu konu da hi\u00e7bir \u015f\u00fcphe yoktur. Eserin muhtevas\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda erken d\u00f6nem teolojik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ana konular\u0131yla ilgili oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. H\u0131ristiyanlara g\u00f6re do\u011funun son Kilise Babas\u0131 kabul edilen D\u0131ma\u015fki ve onun \u0130slam\u2019a y\u00f6nelik kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserler kendisinden sonra orta \u00e7a\u011f boyunca H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam\u2019a dair olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 polemi\u011fin temelini te\u015fkil etmektedir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019nin mezk\u00fbr eserinin muhtevas\u0131ndan hareketle baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u0130slam kelam\u0131n\u0131n ondan etkilendi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Ancak bu iddia abart\u0131l\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezk\u00fbr makalede D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019nin; Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n mutlak g\u00fcc\u00fc, hay\u0131r ve \u015fer\u2019in kayna\u011f\u0131, \u0130nsan\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcne, Allah\u2019\u0131n adaleti, Yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f, olu\u015f ve insan\u0131n g\u00fcnah\u0131, Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n insan\u0131n sonunu-kaderini- bilmesi, Tanr\u0131n\u0131n iradesi ve insan\u0131n itaati gibi konulara ve \u0130sa-Mesih, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n son nebevi vahiy olmas\u0131 konular\u0131na de\u011finilmi\u015ftir. D\u0131ma\u015fki her iki inan\u00e7 i\u00e7in ortak olan bu konular\u0131 ele alm\u0131\u015f ilk ki\u015fidir. Konular i\u015flenirken zihinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen diyaloglar D\u0131ma\u015fki taraf\u0131ndan ziyadesiyle tarafl\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Makale \u00fc\u00e7 ana b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk b\u00f6l\u00fcmde D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019nin hayat\u0131 ve ilgili eseri hakk\u0131nda bilgi verilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde \u0130slam, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve Hz. Muhammed\u2019e y\u00f6nelik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve iddialar\u0131na de\u011finilmi\u015ftir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ise D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019nin Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim ve \u0130slam inan\u00e7 esaslar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bilgisi ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hayat\u0131 ile ilgili k\u0131s\u0131mlar her iki makalede de ortak oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in iki makale ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmek yerine giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezk\u00fbr makalenin ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019nin Arap co\u011frafyas\u0131nda \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi, \u0130slam ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ile Hz. Peygamber hakk\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Onun ifadelerinde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Araplar\u0131n k\u00f6kenine y\u00f6nelik \u00fc\u00e7 kavram s\u00f6z konusudur. Bunlar \u201c\u0130sma\u00eel\u00eeler, H\u00e2cer\u00eeler ve Sarasinler\u201d ifadeleridir. Onun M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar veya Araplar yerine bu isimleri kullanmas\u0131n\u0131n sebeplerinden birisi, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131, Yahudi-H\u0131ristiyan gelene\u011fiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesi olabilece\u011fi dile getirilmi\u015ftir. Araplar i\u00e7in H\u00e2cer\u00eeler isminin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00f6nemin bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. Sasaniler kelimesinin neden kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ortak bir kanaat bulunmamaktad\u0131r. \u201cOna g\u00f6re Sarasin kelimesi Eski Ahit\u2019te ifade edilen ve Hacer\u2019e atfedilen bir s\u00f6zden dolay\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Onun \u0130slam hakk\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin ilk kayna\u011f\u0131 Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 Kerim\u2019dir. Di\u011fer kayna\u011f\u0131 ise M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131ndaki pratiklerdir. Bu makalede de g\u00f6zlemlenen Yuhanna ed-D\u0131ma\u015fki\u2019nin H\u0131ristiyanlar taraftarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yorumlar\u0131 bulundu\u011fudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yuhanna, Hz. Muhammed\u2019in hadislerine at\u0131fta bulunmamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda Kur\u2019an Hadis ayr\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. \u0130slam\u2019a dair verdi\u011fi t\u00fcm bilgileri Hz. Muhammed\u2019in s\u00f6z\u00fc olarak vermektedir. O eserinin hi\u00e7bir yerinde \u201c\u0130slam\u201d ismine yer vermemi\u015ftir. Bunun yerine \u201c\u0130sma\u00eel\u00eelerin hurafesi\u201d ve \u201csapk\u0131nl\u0131k\u201d demeyi tercih etmektedir \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak temelde iki fikri ileri s\u00fcrmektedir. Bunlardan biri Kuran\u2019\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Eski <\/a>ve Yeni Ahit <\/a>oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesidir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelik bir di\u011fer itham\u0131 onlar\u0131n putperest olduklar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yuhanna eserinde Hz. Muhammed\u2019in ismini zikretmekle beraber Muhammed yerine \u201cMamed\u201d ifadesini tercih etmektedir. Onun Muhammed yerine Mamed ifadesini kullanmas\u0131 muhtemelen Grek\u00e7e telaffuz ile ilgili oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Hz. Muhammed\u2019in sahtek\u00e2r, yalanc\u0131, hileci ve \u015fehvetine d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn biri oldu\u011fu gibi iddialar \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ona g\u00f6re Hz. Muhammed Eski ve Yeni Ahit\u2019ten elde etti\u011fi bilgileri ve Ary\u00fcs\u00e7\u00fc bir rahipten edindi\u011fi bilgileri kendisine nispet ederek insanlar\u0131 aldatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Muhtemelen o, Hz. Muhammed\u2019i Kitab-\u0131 Mukaddes\u2019te gelece\u011fi haber verilen yalanc\u0131 peygamberler ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu makaleyi okuyanlar i\u00e7in tavsiye yaz\u0131lar:<\/strong>
Hristiyan Arap Yuhanna ed-D\u0131me\u015fki\u2019nin \u0130slam Ele\u015ftirisi<\/a>
Yuhanna ed-D\u0131me\u015fki\u2019nin Eserlerinde \u0130slam ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar<\/a>
Yuhanna ed-D\u0131me\u015fki\u2019nin \u201cBir Hristiyan ile Bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Aras\u0131nda Diyalog\u201d \u0130simli Risalesinin De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Referanslar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sasaniler<\/a>
[2]<\/a> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/bizans<\/a>
[3]<\/a> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hiristiyanlik<\/a>
[4]<\/a> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/yuhanna-ed-dimaski<\/a>
[5]<\/a> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/emeviler<\/a>
[6]<\/a> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/theodore-ebu-kurre<\/a>
[7]<\/a> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/eski-ahid<\/a>
[8]<\/a> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/yeni-ahid<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130slam fetihleri neticesinde S\u00e2s\u00e2n\u00ee (224-651) ve Bizans\u2019\u0131n (330-1453) elinde bulunan topraklar M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n y\u00f6netimine ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bizans\u2019\u0131n kontrol\u00fcnde olan Suriye b\u00f6lgesinin el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi sonucu b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan pek \u00e7ok Hristiyan, \u0130slam dinini benimsemi\u015f ve bu durum H\u0131ristiyan din adamlar\u0131n\u0131 tedirgin etmi\u015ftir. Hem bu din de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kesmek hem de \u0130slam\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunmak maksad\u0131yla baz\u0131 iddialar \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2915,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[12],"tags":[789,788],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2839"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2839"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2839\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2969,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2839\/revisions\/2969"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2915"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2839"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}