{"id":37,"date":"2021-09-16T14:15:05","date_gmt":"2021-09-16T11:15:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.safirtema.com\/safirblog\/2018\/05\/03\/htcnin-yeni-amiral-gemisi-icin-geri-sayim-basladi\/"},"modified":"2021-11-29T13:03:24","modified_gmt":"2021-11-29T10:03:24","slug":"modernizm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/modernizm\/","title":{"rendered":"Modernizm"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_wrap_left no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Modernizm\">Modernizm<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Islam_Modernizminin_Ozgun_Karakteri_ve_Onemli_Ozellikleri\">\u0130slam Modernizminin \u00d6zg\u00fcn Karakteri ve \u00d6nemli \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Modernizmin_Diger_Yenilikci_Hareketlerden_ve_Islahatciliktan_Farki\">Modernizmin Di\u011fer Yenilik\u00e7i Hareketlerden ve Islahat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan Fark\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Modernizmin_Ozellikleri\">Modernizmin \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Islam_Modernizmi_ve_Kuran\">\u0130slam Modernizmi ve Kur\u2019an<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Islam_Modernizminin_Varyasyonlari\">\u0130slam Modernizminin Varyasyonlar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Metinselci_Modernizm\">Metinselci Modernizm<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Tarihselci_Modernizm\">Tarihselci Modernizm<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Islam_Modernizmi_ve_Modern_Yorumlar\">\u0130slam Modernizmi ve Modern Yorumlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Islam_Modernizmine_Yonelik_Elestirel_Tespitler\">\u0130slam Modernizmine Y\u00f6nelik Ele\u015ftirel Tespitler<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Modernizm_Karsiti_Cagdas_Bir_Akim_Olarak_Gelenekselcilik\">Modernizm Kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Bir Ak\u0131m Olarak Gelenekselcilik<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynaklar\">Kaynaklar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Modernizm\">Modernizm<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lerleme ideali <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Modernizm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Modernizm\">modernizmin <\/a>temel dogmas\u0131 olmu\u015f, ancak gelene\u011fin boyunduru\u011fundan kurtulmak suretiyle mutluluk ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn elde edilebilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaz bir inan\u00e7 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Modernizm, ekonomiden felsefeye modern olmayan her \u015feyin sorgulanmas\u0131n\u0131n gereklili\u011fini savunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Islam_Modernizminin_Ozgun_Karakteri_ve_Onemli_Ozellikleri\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">\u0130slam Modernizminin \u00d6zg\u00fcn Karakteri ve \u00d6nemli \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam modernizminin temel tezi, gelene\u011fin ilmi ve rasyonel s\u00fczge\u00e7ten ge\u00e7irilerek yorumlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u015feklindedir. \u0130\u015fte bunu yapt\u0131klar\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f de\u011fi\u015fme ve geli\u015fmelerin alt\u0131nda ezilmeyecekler, bilakis ona y\u00f6n vermeye muktedir h\u00e2le geleceklerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Modernizmin_Diger_Yenilikci_Hareketlerden_ve_Islahatciliktan_Farki\"><strong>Modernizmin Di\u011fer Yenilik\u00e7i Hareketlerden ve Islahat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan Fark\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/modernizm-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1951\" width=\"373\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/modernizm-1-1.jpg 799w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/modernizm-1-1-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/modernizm-1-1-768x484.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/fazlurrahman\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/fazlurrahman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fazlurrahman<\/a>\u2019a (1919-1988) g\u00f6re ihyac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/kis-aylarinda-istanbulda-yapilabilecek-4-aktivite\/\" title=\"\u0130mam Gazali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gazz\u00e2l\u00ee<\/a>\u2019ye (\u00f6.505\/1111) kadar geri giden bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi vard\u0131r. Fazlurrahman \u201cYeni \u0130hyac\u0131l\u0131k\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi ikinci bir yenilenme hareketinden bahseder ki, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ihvan-i-muslimin\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ihvan-i-muslimin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0130hvan <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cemaat-i-islami\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cemaat-i-islami\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cemaat-i \u0130slami<\/a> gibi siyas\u0131 \u0131slah projelerine sahip yap\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilmektedir. Fazlurrahman\u2019\u0131n \u201cKlasik Modernizm\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yenilenme hareketi ise <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ahmed-han-seyyid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ahmed-han-seyyid\">Seyyid Ahmed Han<\/a> (1817-1898) ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/efgani-cemaleddin\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/efgani-cemaleddin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Efgan\u00ee<\/a>&#8211;<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muhammed-abduh\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muhammed-abduh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Abduh <\/a>ekolleri ile onlar\u0131n miras\u0131ndan ba\u015fkas\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Klasik modernizmin Fazlurrahman\u2019a g\u00f6re en problemli taraf\u0131 sa\u011flam bir metodolojiye dayanmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00f6yk\u00fcnd\u00fckleri Bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131 hakk\u0131yla anlayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in, Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kurum ve dairelerine se\u00e7meci ve ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 \u015fekilde yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015flar, bu nedenle hem tutars\u0131z davranm\u0131\u015flar hem de yenilenme hedeflerine ula\u015famam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Modernizmin_Ozellikleri\"><strong>Modernizmin \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam modernistleri bozulma ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn as\u0131l sebebinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar oldu\u011funu, as\u0131l sorunun \u201cBug\u00fcne \u0130slam diye gelen din\u201d oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrerek dinin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, dinin anla\u015f\u0131lma usullerini ve s\u00fcr\u00fcp gelen dini gelene\u011fi derin bir sorgulamaya tabi tutmaktad\u0131rlar. Bu ak\u0131m\u0131n temel prensiplerini \u015fu \u015fekilde maddele\u015ftirebiliriz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1- Modernist \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerde ak\u0131l \u00f6n plandad\u0131r.<br>2- \u0130slam modernizminde icraat yerine s\u00f6z ve yaz\u0131 \u00f6n plandad\u0131r.<br>3- \u0130slam modernizminin \u201csiyasal\u201d olmaktan \u00e7ok \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcrel\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fc bask\u0131nd\u0131r.<br>4- \u00d6nc\u00fcleri veya s\u00f6zc\u00fcleri daha \u00e7ok akademik ilahiyat e\u011fitimi alm\u0131\u015f, sosyal bilimler formasyonuna sahip ve felsefi birikimleri y\u00fcksek ki\u015filerden olu\u015fur.<br>5- Geleneksel dini e\u011fitimden ge\u00e7en Fazlurrahman gibi me\u015fhur modernistler, bu m\u00fcktesebatlar\u0131n\u0131 gelenekle hesapla\u015fmak i\u00e7in ustal\u0131kla kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u0130slam modernisti sayabilece\u011fimiz <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/seriati-ali\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/seriati-ali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ali \u015eeriati<\/a> (1933-1977) modernist derin sorgulamay\u0131 bir \u201cte\u015frih operasyonu\u201d (detayl\u0131 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lugatim.com\/s\/anatomi\" title=\"http:\/\/www.lugatim.com\/s\/anatomi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">anatomik<\/a> inceleme) olarak nitelendirir. \u015eeriati\u2019ye g\u00f6re bunu din \u00e2limleri yapamazlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar din hakk\u0131nda konu\u015ftuklar\u0131nda dinin kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131na en ufak bir halel getirmek istemezler. Fakat dinin bedenini te\u015frih masas\u0131na yat\u0131rma durumundaki \u201cdin ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u201d, iki yakla\u015f\u0131m bi\u00e7imine de sahip ve yatk\u0131n olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in, dinin kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sars\u0131yormu\u015f gibi g\u00f6z\u00fckmelerine kar\u015f\u0131n asl\u0131nda ona en b\u00fcy\u00fck iyili\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015f olanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eeriati\u2019ye g\u00f6re temel sorun, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 ve yeni nesilleri cezbedecek bir hayat yolunun ortaya konulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan, \u015eeriati\u2019nin nazar\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hasan_el-Benna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hasan_el-Benna\">Hasan el-Benn\u00e2\u2019<\/a>n\u0131n (1906-1949) \u201cyasak\u00e7\u0131\u201d dini \u0130slam de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Islam_Modernizmi_ve_Kuran\"><strong>\u0130slam Modernizmi ve Kur\u2019an<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Modernistlere g\u00f6re sadece Kur\u2019an\u2019dan ilham alarak \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f sorunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelinebilir. \u0130slamiyet\u2019in yeniden zamana damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurmas\u0131 ancak bu metotla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Kur\u2019an d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olan her \u015fey ele\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Islam_Modernizminin_Varyasyonlari\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">\u0130slam Modernizminin Varyasyonlar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Metinselci_Modernizm\"><strong>Metinselci Modernizm<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Kuran-4-min-1024x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-922\" width=\"273\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Kuran-4-min-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Kuran-4-min-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Kuran-4-min-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Kuran-4-min-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Kuran-4-min-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Kuran-4-min-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 273px) 100vw, 273px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekol mensuplar\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fka bir kayna\u011fa ihtiya\u00e7 b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131k, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r, yeterli, her \u015feyi kapsayan ve kendisini a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir \u00f6zellikte oldu\u011funu, manas\u0131n\u0131n da herkesin anlayaca\u011f\u0131 bi\u00e7imde metinde i\u00e7kin oldu\u011funu kabul ettiler. Kur\u2019an ayetlerinin metin manalar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u201cumumi ve evrensel\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylediler ve ayetleri \u201cg\u00fcncelle\u015ftirme\u201d yoluyla \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f olaylara tatbik ettiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcncelle\u015ftirme i\u015finde \u201c\u00e7a\u011fda\u015f maslahatlar\u201d belirleyici olmu\u015ftur. Maslahatlara ayk\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fen <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/hadis-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Hadis Nedir?\">hadis <\/a>malzemesi, \u201cakla arz\u201d ve \u201ctabiata arz\u201d y\u00f6ntemiyle teste tabi tutulmu\u015ftur. Akl\u0131n ve tabiat\u0131n prensiplerine uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilen hadisler reddedilmi\u015f, uydu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclenler ise kabul edilerek kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019e s\u00f6z konusu modern yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f temsilcisi, Seyyid Ahmed Han\u2019d\u0131r. Ahmed Han, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mirac\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mirac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mirac\u0131 <\/a>r\u00fcya olarak yorumlam\u0131\u015f, Kur\u2019an\u2019da ge\u00e7en cinleri da\u011f adamlar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f, K\u0131z\u0131l Deniz\u2019in Musa Peygamber i\u00e7in yar\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 basit bir <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1ldeniz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1ldeniz\">med-cezir <\/a>hadisesi olarak a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rasyonel alanda bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmayan melekler anlat\u0131m sembolleri olmaktan \u00f6teye bir varl\u0131k anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yordu. Ahmed Han, Kur\u2019an\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerde \u201cdini-d\u00fcnyevi\u201d ayr\u0131m\u0131na gidiyor, d\u00fcnyevi olanlar\u0131n zamana uygun olarak de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Faizin ancak fakirden al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00fcnah say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, h\u0131rs\u0131z\u0131n elini kesme cezas\u0131n\u0131n ancak cezaevi sistemini y\u00fcr\u00fctemeyen geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclke ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, cihad\u0131n ise sadece savunma ama\u00e7l\u0131 yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seyyid Ahmed Han\u2019\u0131n temelini att\u0131\u011f\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amu.ac.in\/\" title=\"https:\/\/www.amu.ac.in\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Aligarh M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00dcniversitesi <\/a>modern \u0130slam anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla kuruldu. \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n muhte\u015fem ge\u00e7mi\u015fini \u00f6nemle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmak suretiyle M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara \u00f6z sayg\u0131 kazand\u0131rmak ve \u0130ngiliz e\u011fitim modeline uygun \u0130slami bir tedrisat ba\u015flatmak amac\u0131yla tesis edilen okulun kadrosu i\u00e7ine \u00fcnl\u00fc oryantalistleri de d\u00e2hil etmi\u015fti. Hindistan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nemli fikir ve ilim adamlar\u0131ndan <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sibli-numani\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sibli-numani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u015eibl\u00ee Nu\u2019man\u00ee <\/a>(1857-19149, Muhammed <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ikbal-muhammed\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ikbal-muhammed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0130kbal <\/a>(1877-1937) ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mevdudi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mevdudi\">Mevdudi <\/a>(1903-1979) taraf\u0131ndan tenkit edilmi\u015ftir. 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcniversiteye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek daha muhafazak\u00e2r kimlikle e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim hizmetine devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kur\u2019anc\u0131l\u0131k (<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kuraniyyun\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kuraniyyun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kur\u2019aniyyun<\/a>) ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n en derli toplu temsilcisi Hindistan Ehl-i Kur\u2019an ekol\u00fc, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Seyyid Ahmed Han \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda do\u011fdu. Bug\u00fcne g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fekilde gelen di\u011fer bir Kur\u2019anc\u0131 cemaat, 1938\u2019de Delhi\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tahrik-i-tulu-i-islam\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tahrik-i-tulu-i-islam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tahr\u00eek-i Tul\u00fb\u2019-\u0131 \u0130slam<\/a>\u2019d\u0131r. Hareketin en \u00f6nemli ismi <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/perviz-gulam-ahmed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/perviz-gulam-ahmed\">Gulam Ahmed Perv\u00eez<\/a>\u2019dir (1903-1985). Perv\u00eez, hadisler hakk\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri nedeniyle gelenek\u00e7i ulema taraf\u0131ndan tekfir edildi ve \u0130slam sosyalizmini savundu\u011fu i\u00e7in de \u0130slamc\u0131 \u00e7evrelerce \u015fiddetle ele\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perv\u00eez, Hz. Muhammed\u2019in (as) g\u00f6revinin sadece Kur\u2019an tebli\u011f etmek oldu\u011fu, onun Kur\u2019an d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm koyma yetkisinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatindedir. M\u0131s\u0131r, Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u0130slam modernizminin en fazla reva\u00e7 buldu\u011fu yer olarak g\u00f6sterilir. Bu \u00fclkedeki tarihi genellikle Muhammed Abduh ile ba\u015flat\u0131lan bu ak\u0131m, bir\u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fc ismi i\u00e7erisinden \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kas\u0131m Emin\u2019in (1863-1908) M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131ndaki modern fikir ve teklifleri, \u00e7ok daha sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak feminist M\u00fcsl\u00fcman modernistlerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerine g\u00f6re bir hayli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ferid Vecdi (1878-1954) modern d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ke\u015ffetti\u011fi her \u015feyi Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu, bu bilgilerin ayetler aras\u0131nda sakl\u0131 bulundu\u011funu belirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ali Abdurr\u00e2z\u0131k\u2019a (1888-1966) g\u00f6re \u0130slami bir y\u00f6netim sistemi bulunmamaktad\u0131r ve bu nedenle hilafet kurumu asl\u0131nda gayrime\u015fru say\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kur\u2019an\u2019da da bir temeli olmayan hilafet, Hz. Muhammed\u2019in d\u00fcnyevi y\u00f6neticili\u011fi i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir vek\u00e2let kurumudur. Hilafetin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fcnyan\u0131n entelekt\u00fcel geli\u015fimini engelledi\u011fini, yolsuzluk gibi k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcleri ise yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserinde \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n asl\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmet etme i\u015fini insanlara b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, din ile siyasetin tamamen ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesi, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/resid-riza\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/resid-riza\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Re\u015fid R\u0131za <\/a>(1865-1935) gibi modern fikirlere yak\u0131n \u00e2limleri dahi rahats\u0131z etmi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine Abdurr\u00e2z\u0131k\u2019\u0131n, Ezher diplomas\u0131 iptal edilmi\u015f, \u00e2lim unvan\u0131 geri al\u0131narak \u00fcniversitedeki i\u015fine son verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da tam anlam\u0131yla Kur\u2019anc\u0131 diyebilece\u011fimiz \u00f6nc\u00fc isimlerin en me\u015fhuru ku\u015fkusuz bir t\u0131p doktoru olan Muhammed Tevfik S\u0131dk\u00ee idi. Makalesine ba\u015fl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u0130slam sadece Kur\u2019an\u2019dan ibarettir\u201d (el-\u0130slam h\u00fcve\u2019l Kur\u2019an vahdeh) s\u00f6z\u00fcyle \u00f6zetlenebilecek bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede fikirlerini takdim eden S\u0131dk\u00ee, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in s\u00f6z ve fiillerinin sadece onun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 asr\u0131 ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir katk\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. S\u0131dk\u00ee, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini ve tezlerini \u201cBiz kitapta hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi eksik b\u0131rakmad\u0131k.\u201d ayetine dayand\u0131r\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n di\u011fer bir Kur\u2019anc\u0131 ismi <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ahmed_Subhy_Mansour\" title=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ahmed_Subhy_Mansour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ahmed Subhi Mans\u00fbr<\/a>\u2019dur (1949). \u00c7o\u011fu Kur\u2019anc\u0131 gibi hadislere bir de\u011fer atfetmemektedir. \u201cEhl-i Kur\u2019an itikad\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde, \u015fehadet kelimesinin \u201cL\u00e2 il\u00e2he illall\u00e2h\u201dtan ibaret oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrmekte, t\u00fcm peygamberlerin e\u015fit stat\u00fcde oldu\u011funu belirtmekte, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in el\u00e7ili\u011fine dair c\u00fcmlenin ezanda olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini iddia etmekte, O\u2019nun Mescid-i Nebevi\u2019deki kabrinin ziyaret edilemeyece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemektedir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nlar\u0131n iyi ve bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l insanlar olmak \u015fart\u0131yla gayrim\u00fcslim erkeklerle evlenmelerinin helal, buna kar\u015f\u0131n ona g\u00f6re \u201chi\u00e7 de iyi insanlar olmayan\u201d Bin Ladin ve K\u00e2rdavi gibi ki\u015filerle evlenmelerinin ise haram oldu\u011fu fetvas\u0131n\u0131 vermektedir. Be\u015f vakit namaz\u0131 kabul etmekle beraber namazdaki tahiyyat duas\u0131n\u0131n Hz. Peygamber\u2019e \u00f6vg\u00fc i\u00e7erdi\u011fi i\u00e7in okunamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemekte, cihad\u0131n sadece savunma ama\u00e7l\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtmekte, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n y\u00f6netiminde halifeli\u011fin de\u011fil demokrasinin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kur\u2019anc\u0131l\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de daha \u00e7ok \u201cKur\u2019an \u0130slam\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda H\u00fcseyin Atay, S\u00fcleyman Ate\u015f, Ya\u015far Nuri \u00d6zt\u00fcrk (1951-2016), Bayraktar Bayrakl\u0131, Muhammed Nur Do\u011fan, Abd\u00fclaziz Bay\u0131nd\u0131r gibi bir\u00e7o\u011fu ilahiyat k\u00f6kenli akademisyenler taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilmi\u015ftir. M\u0131s\u0131r Kur\u2019anc\u0131lar\u0131 gibi t\u00fcm hadis k\u00fclliyat\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz sayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 benimsememekle beraber, s\u00fcbjektif bir se\u00e7icili\u011fi tercih eden bu isimler, fikir ve maslahatlar\u0131na elveri\u015fli bulduklar\u0131 rivayet malzemesini yeri geldi\u011finde kullanmaktan \u00e7ekinmemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ger\u00e7ek manas\u0131yla Kur\u2019anc\u0131l\u0131k 1980\u2019li y\u0131llarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve kendilerine mealciler ad\u0131 verilen gruplar taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 Kur\u2019anc\u0131lar\u0131n daha ileri giderek mistik Hurufili\u011fi and\u0131ran izahlar yapmak durumunda kald\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mesela \u00fcnl\u00fc Kur\u2019anc\u0131lardan birisi olan Edip Y\u00fcksel, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n insan kapasitesi \u00fczerinde bir matematiksel kompozisyona sahip oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek suretiyle 19 say\u0131s\u0131na dayand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 matematiksel kodlarla s\u00f6z konusu g\u00f6relili\u011fi gidermek ve bu a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapatmak istemektedir. 19\u2019culu\u011fun fikir babas\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 biyokimya uzman\u0131 Dr. Re\u015fad Halife\u2019dir (1935-1990).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Halife, \u201cKur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n 19 mucizesi\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi 19 say\u0131s\u0131 ve katlar\u0131 ile Kur\u2019an\u2019daki sure, ayet ve kelimelerin birtak\u0131m matematiksel kompozisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yordu. 19 koduna uymad\u0131klar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle Tevbe suresinin son iki ayetinin asl\u0131nda Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti ve bu ayetleri i\u00e7ermeyen Kur\u2019an meali ne\u015fretti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hadis ink\u00e2rc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Tevbe suresinin son iki ayetini Kur\u2019an\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00e2limlerinden olan babas\u0131 Sadrettin Y\u00fcksel (1920-2004) taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fcrted ilan edilen Edip Y\u00fcksel, daha \u00e7ok T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak kitap ve videolar\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 davet faaliyetlerini Arizona\u2019da s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Tarihselcilik-Metodu2-min-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-861\" width=\"304\" height=\"202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Tarihselcilik-Metodu2-min-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Tarihselcilik-Metodu2-min-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Tarihselcilik-Metodu2-min-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Tarihselcilik-Metodu2-min-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Tarihselcilik-Metodu2-min-2048x1365.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 304px) 100vw, 304px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Tarihselci_Modernizm\"><strong>Tarihselci Modernizm<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarihselcilere g\u00f6re, Kur\u2019an\u2019daki h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin ger\u00e7ek sebeplerini anlayabilmek i\u00e7in mutlaka o tarihi d\u00f6nemin \u015fartlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tarihi sebepler ve \u015fartlar anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131za uygun h\u00fck\u00fcmler Kur\u2019an temelli olarak t\u00fcretilmelidir. E\u011fer b\u00f6yle yap\u0131lmaz da \u201cevrensel\u201d oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle sadece metin ve literal anlam esas al\u0131narak Kur\u2019an yorumlan\u0131rsa, tahrif ihtimali artar. Ayr\u0131ca metnin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n mesaj\u0131n\u0131 dondurmu\u015f olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fazlurrahman tarihselci \u0130slam modernizminin fikir babas\u0131 say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Fazlurrahman ilk dini e\u011fitimini Diyobend medrese mezunu babas\u0131 Molla Mevl\u00e2na \u015eih\u00e2b\u00fcdd\u00een\u2019den Ders-i Niz\u00e2m\u00ee usul\u00fcyle ald\u0131. On ya\u015f\u0131nda haf\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde v\u00e2k\u0131f oldu\u011fu geleneksel dini bilgi ile Bat\u0131\u2019da kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 modern dini bilgi aras\u0131nda fark etti\u011fi paradoksal \u00e7eli\u015fki, akademik kariyerinin bu ilk safhas\u0131nda Fazlurrahman\u2019\u0131 kendi ifadesiyle ciddi bir \u015f\u00fcphecili\u011fe sevk etmi\u015f fakat bu \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi dini bir bunal\u0131ma \u00e7evirmeden atlatmay\u0131 bilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7eli\u015fkiye \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak sundu\u011fu, \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn geleneklere devaml\u0131 yeniden hayatiyet kazand\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve onlar -taze yorumlarla- yenilenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam<a name=\"_ftnref61\" href=\"#_ftn61\">[<\/a> adl\u0131 eserinde \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarihiyle \u00e2deta hesapla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu kitaptaki baz\u0131 fikirlerinden, \u00f6zellikle de Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n, manas\u0131 ilahi ama lafz\u0131 Hz. Peygamber\u2019e ait be\u015fer\u00ee bir kaynak oldu\u011fu \u015feklindeki kanaatinden dolay\u0131 baz\u0131 gelenek\u00e7i \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6d\u00fcl konarak katli istendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fazlurrahman\u2019a g\u00f6re, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu i\u00e7in derin bir fikri \u00e7abaya ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. \u201cFikri cihat\u201d diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu gayretin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel temeli, de\u011fi\u015fimin bir zorunluluk oldu\u011fu ilkesine dayan\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n indi\u011fi tarihsel ortamdan daha farkl\u0131 bir tarihsel ortamda ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Kur\u2019an ise her \u00e7a\u011fa hitap eden bir kitapt\u0131r. Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n bu \u00e7a\u011fa hitab\u0131 ise tekil Kur\u2019an h\u00fck\u00fcmleri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla de\u011fil; tevhid, adalet, h\u00fcrriyet, e\u015fitlik, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sura\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sura\">\u015fura <\/a>gibi \u201cKur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n evrensel ilkeleri\u201d vas\u0131tas\u0131yla olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Fazlurrahman bu hususta \u015fu y\u00f6ntemi \u00f6nerir:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk \u00f6nce Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n indi\u011fi d\u00f6neme gidilip siyer ve n\u00fczul rivayetlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla ayetlerin hangi maksatlara binaen, hangi genel ilkeleri yerle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in indi\u011fi tespit edilir. Sonra bu ilkeler bug\u00fcne ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve ilkelerin \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131nda nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fi tespit edilerek modern \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere var\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n emir ve yasaklar\u0131 zaman\u0131m\u0131zda yeniden etkinlik kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mesela h\u0131rs\u0131z\u0131n elinin kesilmesini emreden Maide 38. ayetin maksad\u0131 e\u011fer a\u011f\u0131r bir cezayla h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, bu vesileyle adil ve huzurlu bir toplumsal d\u00fczenin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ise, ayn\u0131 maksad\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek daha a\u011f\u0131r veya hafif ba\u015fka bir ceza, ayetteki h\u00fckm\u00ee cezan\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7ebilir. \u015eunu vurgulamal\u0131y\u0131z ki, Kur\u2019an\u2019da h\u0131rs\u0131z i\u00e7in konulan <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/had--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/had--fikih\">had cezas\u0131 <\/a>art\u0131k i\u015flevini kaybetmi\u015f bulunmakta, hi\u00e7 de modern bulunmayan bu \u015fer\u2019i uygulama, yerini ba\u015fka bir uygulamaya b\u0131rakmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarihselci y\u00f6ntem Fazlurrahman\u2019dan sonra baz\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131klarla olsa da Muhammed \u00c2bid Cabir\u00ee (1936-2010), Muhammed Arkoun (1928-2010), Nasr Hamid Ebu Zeyd (1943-2010), Hasan Hanefi (1935), Abd\u00fclkerim Suru\u015f (1945) gibi isimler taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilip savunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arkoun\u2019a g\u00f6re, kutsal kitap vahiy arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile art\u0131k tabiri caiz ise \u201cete kemi\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnmekte\u201d ve tarihile\u015ferek bu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmakta, ilahi tabiat\u0131n\u0131 yitirmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu meseleye hasretti\u011fi \u201cMefhum\u00fc\u2019n-Nass\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda benzer g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve tezleri savunan Kahire \u00dcniversitesi profes\u00f6r\u00fc Nasr Hamid Ebu Zeyd bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden dolay\u0131 m\u00fcrted ilan edildi ve mahkeme karar\u0131yla kar\u0131s\u0131ndan bo\u015f oldu\u011funa h\u00fckmedildi. Tanzim\u00fc\u2019l-Cihad gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm tehditleri nedeniyle 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 terk etmek zorunda kal\u0131p Hollanda\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1967\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n \u0130kinci Mesaj\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 Mahmut Muhammed Taha\u2019n\u0131n (1909-1985) enteresan fikirlerini yans\u0131tan bir eserdir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda Taha, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n biri as\u0131l di\u011feri f\u00fcru olan iki mesaj\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mekke\u2019de inen ayetler iman ve ahlak\u0131n temelleri olarak \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n asl\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eder. Medine\u2019de inen ayetler ise \u0130slam \u015feriatinin \u00fczerine y\u00fckseldi\u011fi ahk\u00e2m ayetleridir. Bunlar Mekke ayetlerinin hedefledi\u011fi olgunlu\u011fa ula\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefler. Ki\u015filer ve topluluklar bu seviyeye ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda Meden\u00ee buyruklar ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini kaybeder. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bug\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130slam mesaj\u0131nda, tarihsel kalan Medeni de\u011fil, as\u0131l olan Mekke esas al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar aras\u0131nda \u201cikinci ve son mesaj\u201d olan Mekke \u0130slam\u2019\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahmut Muhammed Taha irtidatla su\u00e7land\u0131, yarg\u0131land\u0131 ve m\u00fcrted say\u0131larak \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Ayn\u0131 davada yarg\u0131lanan d\u00f6rt arkada\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6vbe ederek kurtuldular. T\u00e2h\u00e2 ise d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinde ve muhalefetinde \u0131srar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcnce idam edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sudanl\u0131 Abdullah\u00ee Ahmed en-Naim (1946) \u0130slam \u015feriat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretece\u011fi sistemin eninde sonunda modern tarzda laik bir devlet olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren Naim, klasik \u015fer\u2019i h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde tatbik edilemezli\u011fi konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini \u015f\u00f6yle ifade eder: \u201cKuvvetle inan\u0131yorum ki, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u015fer\u2019i kamu hukuku uygulamalar\u0131 hem M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara hem de \u0130slamiyet\u2019in bizzat kendisine son derce zarar veren uygulamalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Islam_Modernizmi_ve_Modern_Yorumlar\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">\u0130slam Modernizmi ve Modern Yorumlar<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm-1024x651.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1249\" width=\"358\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm-1024x651.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm-768x488.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm-1536x977.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u0130lerici\/yenilik\u00e7i\u201d \u0130slami yakla\u015f\u0131m anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nedirnedemek.com\/progresif-ne-demek\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/www.nedirnedemek.com\/progresif-ne-demek\">progresif <\/a>M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k\u201d teriminin ne oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131rken, bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n gelenekten kopmamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 belki de bunun bir \u00e7e\u015fit \u201ctenkit\u00e7i gelenek\u00e7ilik\u201d olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0131b\u00ee\u2019ye (\u00f6.743\/1343) g\u00f6re, halifelik tarihsel bir siyasi kurum olup \u00f6z\u00fc itibariyle hi\u00e7bir kutsall\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131mamakta, din ile bir ilgisi bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam modernizminin di\u011fer bir enteresan y\u00fcz\u00fc cinsiyet ve kad\u0131n haklar\u0131 konusunda kendisini g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu alanda en \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan konular \u00f6rt\u00fcnme, erke\u011fin \u00e7ok evlili\u011fi, \u015fahitlik, miras hakk\u0131 ve kad\u0131n\u0131n toplumdan tecridi meseleleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beklendi\u011fi gibi modernistler, Kur\u2019an kaynakl\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kad\u0131n\u0131n miras hakk\u0131 ve \u015fahitlikteki e\u015fitsiz h\u00fck\u00fcmleri kabul etmemektedirler. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman feminist bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n e\u015flik etti\u011fi modern dini s\u00f6ylem, tesett\u00fcr h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini erkek egemenli\u011finin bir silah\u0131 ve kad\u0131n\u0131 eve kapatman\u0131n bir arac\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirmektedir. Mesela Fasl\u0131 yazar Fatema Mernissi (140-2015) 1991\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kad\u0131n ve \u0130slam adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131n\u0131n mevcut ikincil ve bask\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f konumunu kad\u0131n aleyhtar\u0131 muhtevaya sahip hadis malzemesine ba\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amerikal\u0131 \u0130slami ilimler profes\u00f6r\u00fc <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amina_Wadud\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amina_Wadud\">Amina Wadud<\/a> (1952) kad\u0131n erkek e\u015fitli\u011fini ilgin\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde prati\u011fe ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda 60 kadar erkek ve 40 kadar kad\u0131ndan olu\u015fan cemaatine ba\u015fka bir kad\u0131n\u0131n okudu\u011fu ezan\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Cuma namaz\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gelenek\u00e7i ve \u0130slami \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan \u201cliberal a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k (\u011ful\u00fcv)\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirilen bu namaza New York\u2019taki \u00fc\u00e7 camii m\u00fcsaade etmeyince namaz Episkopal Katedrali\u2019nde bas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde ve protestolar e\u015fli\u011finde k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Amina Wadud\u2019un e\u015fcinsel haklar\u0131n\u0131n da bir savunucusu oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman modernist ki\u015fi ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n siyasi duru\u015f olarak ayn\u0131 pozisyonda olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 da bu ba\u011flamda kabul etmek gerekir. Geni\u015f anlam\u0131yla \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 siyasal g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcden s\u00f6z edilebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1-Liberal g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam modernizminin en g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr y\u00fcz\u00fcd\u00fcr. Marjinal cinsi tercihlerin dini d\u00fczlemde haklar\u0131n\u0131n savunulmas\u0131na varacak kadar \u201cbireysel\u201d ve \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc\u201d bir y\u00f6nelime sahip olan bu duru\u015fun boyutlar\u0131, bazen bir \u00e7e\u015fit bat\u0131nili\u011fi and\u0131r\u0131r bi\u00e7imde dinin temelini te\u015fkil eden ibadetlerin \u015fekli uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 iptal edecek, baz\u0131 haramlar\u0131 da belli \u015fartlarda me\u015fru hale getirecek derecede \u201ca\u015f\u0131r\u0131 rasyonel\u201d bir liberalli\u011fe kadar uzanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2-Anti Emperyalist Sol G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sol modernist s\u00f6ylem de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ancak bu s\u00f6ylemin kapitalizme, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla emperyalizme g\u00f6t\u00fcren serbest liberal de\u011ferlere ciddi itiraz\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f tabirle e\u015fitlik\u00e7i sol bir i\u00e7eri\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu belirtilmekte, Emevilerle ba\u015flayan tarihi s\u00fcre\u00e7te dindeki bu \u00f6z\u00fcn yok edildi\u011fi, adil olmayan, bask\u0131c\u0131 bir siyasal ve ekonomik d\u00fczenin onun yerine ikame edildi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3-Devlet\u00e7i ve Laik\u00e7i Sol G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u00e7e\u015fit modernist s\u00f6ylem, liberal ve sol s\u00f6ylemlerin aksine otoriter, bask\u0131c\u0131 ve yasaklay\u0131c\u0131 karakterlerde kendini g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Islam_Modernizmine_Yonelik_Elestirel_Tespitler\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">\u0130slam Modernizmine Y\u00f6nelik Ele\u015ftirel Tespitler<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynaklar\u0131n devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 modernistlere \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir alanda herhangi bir k\u0131s\u0131t olmadan ve \u00e7ok kere metodolojik ve ahlaki tutarl\u0131l\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131madan serbest\u00e7e s\u00f6z s\u00f6yleme imk\u00e2n\u0131 vermektedir. Modernizm do\u011fruyu anlamak i\u00e7in de\u011fil, Bat\u0131l\u0131 de\u011ferlerin ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n gereklerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f vermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modernistlerin \u00e7\u00f6zmek istedi\u011fi sorunlar, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/oryantalizm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/oryantalizm\">oryantalizmin <\/a>sorun diye ortaya koydu\u011fu meselelerdir. Bunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in de oryantalizmin \u00f6nerileri dikkate al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum \u0130slam modernizminin asl\u0131nda \u201cd\u0131\u015ftan tahrip\u201d amac\u0131ndaki oryantalizmin \u00fcst\u00fc kapal\u0131 formu oldu\u011fu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yapmaktad\u0131r ve \u201ci\u00e7ten tahrip\u201d alg\u0131s\u0131na g\u00fc\u00e7 katmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gelenek sorgulamas\u0131n\u0131n nerede ba\u015flay\u0131p nerede sonlanaca\u011f\u0131 tam olarak belli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, modernistler \u00fczerindeki ku\u015fkular hi\u00e7 kalkmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n din aleyhtar\u0131 \u00e7evrelerle uzla\u015f\u0131k tav\u0131r ve s\u00f6ylemleri, dini hayatlar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr zaaf ve gev\u015feklikleri M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kamuoyunun genel olarak tepkisini \u00e7ekmekte, \u00f6nerdikleri <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tecdid\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tecdid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tecdid <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/islah\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/islah\">\u0131slah <\/a>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerinin l\u00e2din\u00ee anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modernizmin \u0130slam \u00e2lemi \u00fczerindeki tesirini ara\u015ft\u0131racak me\u015fru bir otoritesi ve y\u00fcksek bir itibar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Mevcut otorite ve itibar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu defa prestijli Bat\u0131 \u00fcniversitelerinde hoca olmalar\u0131ndan yahut internet imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 ileri d\u00fczeyde kullanmalar\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Modernizm_Karsiti_Cagdas_Bir_Akim_Olarak_Gelenekselcilik\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Modernizm Kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Bir Ak\u0131m Olarak Gelenekselcilik<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1954\" width=\"335\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm2.jpg 626w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Modernizm2-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 335px) 100vw, 335px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tradisyonalizm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tradisyonalizm\">Gelenekselcilik<\/a>, modernizm kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir hareket olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Gelenekselcili\u011fi gelenek\u00e7ilik ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/abdulvahid-yahya-rene-guenon\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/abdulvahid-yahya-rene-guenon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ren\u00e9 Gu\u00e9non <\/a>(1886-1951) gelenekselcili\u011fin kurucu ismi olarak bilinir. Gu\u00e9non\u2019un eserlerindeki amac\u0131 farkl\u0131 din, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve medeniyetlerdeki s\u00f6z konusu \u201cortak\u201d geleneksel \u00f6z\u00fc ke\u015ffetmek ve a\u00e7\u0131klamakt\u0131r. Bu m\u00fc\u015fterek \u00f6z\u00fc \u201cezeli hikmet\u201d kavram\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131layan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ise Frithj of Schuon (1907-1998) gelenekselci hareketi kavramsal \u00e7er\u00e7evesi belli bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc h\u00e2line getirdi\u011fi, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ikinci kurucu isim oldu\u011fu kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada gelenekselcili\u011fin \u201cdinlerin a\u015fk\u0131n birli\u011fi\u201d tezi kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Buna g\u00f6re b\u00fct\u00fcn sem\u00e2v\u00ee dinler ayn\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fin farkl\u0131 dinlerde ifade edili\u015f bi\u00e7imleridir. Yani bir dini ya\u015fayan kimse t\u00fcm dinleri ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f gibidir. Kur\u2019an\u2019da her millete peygamber g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi ve peygamberler aras\u0131nda bir fark\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilmektedir. O halde ister M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ister <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ana-hatlariyla-yahudilik\/\" title=\"Ana Hatlar\u0131yla Yahudilik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Yahudi <\/a>ister <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ana-hatlariyla-hristiyanlik\/\" title=\"Ana Hatlar\u0131yla Hristiyanl\u0131k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hristiyan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hinduizm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hinduizm\">Hindu <\/a>veya <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mecusilik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mecusilik\">Zerd\u00fc\u015fti <\/a>olsun ilahi bir vahyi kabul eden bir insan, kelimenin evrensel anlam\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmand\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n modern \u00e7a\u011fda ihyas\u0131 ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu, \u0131slahat\u00e7\u0131 hareketlerin ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman modernistlerin tasarlad\u0131klar\u0131 gibi maddi geli\u015fmeyle de\u011fil, manevi geli\u015fmeyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecektir. Bu ihya \u00e7abas\u0131nda tasavvuf en \u00f6nemli vas\u0131tad\u0131r. Tasavvuf bu ekole g\u00f6re \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n kalbi mesabesindedir. Haliyle gelenekselci hareket tarz\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck halkalardan olu\u015fan ilim ve irfan meclislerini esas alm\u0131\u015f, siyaset kulisleri ve miting meydanlar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman davet i\u00e7in uygun bulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman gelenekselcilerin neredeyse hepsinin bir tarikat intisab\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015feyhlik makam\u0131na y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ektirdikleri k\u0131yafetler i\u00e7inde geleneksel k\u0131yafetler i\u00e7inde olmaya dikkat etmi\u015flerdir. T\u00fcm dinleri a\u015fk\u0131n bir birliktelik i\u00e7inde idrak etmek i\u00e7in dinlerin mistik y\u00f6nlerini ortak zemin olarak kullanan gelenekselciler, belirli bir dine veya mezhebe \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmak yerine, ad\u0131na ezeli hikmet dedikleri ortak ilahi gelene\u011fe ve de\u011ferlere \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yapmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu de\u011ferlere g\u00f6re insan\u0131n inan\u00e7l\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve hayat\u0131n\u0131 bu inan\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda ya\u015famas\u0131 yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kendini Hristiyan, Protestan, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ya da S\u00fcnni ve \u015eii \u015feklinde ifade etmek yerine, daha \u00fcst bir kimlikle, Allah kat\u0131nda ortak bir inanca sahip olan, t\u00fcm peygamberleri ayn\u0131 zincirin farkl\u0131 halkalar\u0131 \u015feklinde g\u00f6ren bir ak\u0131m\u0131n mensuplar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131tmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cDinler aras\u0131 diyalog\u201d ve faaliyetlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde gelenekselci tezlerden beslendi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir. Gelenekselcili\u011fin \u201cdinlerin a\u015fk\u0131n birli\u011fi\u201d tezi, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n en son ve tek ger\u00e7ek din oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen ve onun \u00f6nceki dinleri t\u00fcm\u00fcyle neshetti\u011fini ifade eden geleneksel \u0130slam\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle ba\u011fda\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Gelenekselci ekol\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de en bilinen y\u00fcz\u00fc \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki \u0130ranl\u0131 akademisyen ve yazar <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seyyid_H%C3%BCseyin_Nasr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seyyid_H%C3%BCseyin_Nasr\">Seyyid H\u00fcseyin Nasr<\/a>\u2019d\u0131r (1933).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>Bu makaleyi okuyanlar i\u00e7in yaz\u0131 tavsiyesi: &#8220;<a title=\"\u0130slam D\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u0130hya Hareketleri\" href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/islam-dunyasinda-ihya-hareketleri\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0130slam D\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u0130hya Hareketleri<\/a>&#8220;<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Kaynaklar\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>TDV \u0130slam Ansiklopedisi, \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k Maddesi.<br>Wikipedia, Modernizm Maddesi.<br>Wikipedia, \u0130slam Modernizmi Maddesi.<br>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130slami Ak\u0131mlar, Mehmet Ali B\u00fcy\u00fckkara, Klasik Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2018.<br>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130slam D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri, ed. Cafer Karada\u015f, Ensar Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2013.<br>\u0130leri Okuma \u00d6nerisi: \u0130slam Modernizminin Do\u011fu\u015fu ve \u0130ki \u00d6nemli Temsilcisi; <a href=\"https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/download\/article-file\/30743\">https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/download\/article-file\/30743<\/a><br>\u0130leri Okuma \u00d6nerisi: Klasik \u0130slam Modernizmin Karakter Yap\u0131s\u0131; <a href=\"https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/pub\/bozifder\/issue\/37914\/425983\">https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/pub\/bozifder\/issue\/37914\/425983<\/a><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modernizm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1249,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[497,496],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1955,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37\/revisions\/1955"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}