{"id":3710,"date":"2020-09-09T10:47:54","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T07:47:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/?p=3710"},"modified":"2022-10-14T18:17:33","modified_gmt":"2022-10-14T15:17:33","slug":"alimlerin-munazaralari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/alimlerin-munazaralari\/","title":{"rendered":"Alimlerin M\u00fcnazaralar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_wrap_left no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><ul><li><a href=\"#Abdullah_b_Abbasin_Haricilerle_Gorusmesi\">Abdullah b. Abbas\u2019\u0131n Haricilerle G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Cefer-i_Sadikin_Rafizi_ile_Munazarasi\">Cefer-i Sad\u0131k\u2019\u0131n Rafizi ile M\u00fcnazaras\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ebu_Hanifenin_Imam_Katadeye_Yonelttigi_Sorular\">Ebu Hanife\u2019nin \u0130mam Kat\u00e2de\u2019ye Y\u00f6neltti\u011fi Sorular<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ahmed_b_Sureyc_ile_Muhammed_b_Davud_ez-Zahiri_Arasindaki_Diyalog\">Ahmed b. S\u00fcreyc ile Muhammed b. Davud ez-Zahiri Aras\u0131ndaki Diyalog<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Imam_Zevzeni_ile_Ata_el-Makdisinin_Kisas_Tartismasi\">\u0130mam Zevzeni ile At\u00e2 el-Makdisi\u2019nin K\u0131sas Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Abdullah_b_Abbasin_Haricilerle_Gorusmesi\"><strong>Abdullah b. Abbas\u2019\u0131n Haricilerle G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazreti Muaviye ile Halife Hazreti Ali aras\u0131nda gerginlik ya\u015fanan d\u00f6nemde Hariciler Halifeden ayr\u0131l\u0131nca, \u0130bni Abbas kendileriyle diyalog kurmak \u00fczere izin ister. \u201cSenin ad\u0131na onlardan endi\u015feleniyorum\u201d der Hazreti Ali. Nihayet \u0130bni Abbas ibadet d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fckleriyle bilinen Haricilerin yan\u0131na gider ve aralar\u0131nda \u015fu konu\u015fmalar ge\u00e7er:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ho\u015f geldin ey \u0130bni Abbas. Hayrola, nedir seni buraya getiren?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Sizinle konu\u015fmaya geldim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Konu\u015f, seni dinliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ras\u00fcl\u00fcllah\u2019\u0131n amcas\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu, k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fi ve ona ilk iman eden Halifeyle ne probleminiz var, s\u00f6yleyin bakal\u0131m?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; \u00dc\u00e7 konuda ona kar\u015f\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Nedir onlar?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Birincisi, Allah\u2019\u0131n dininde \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131 hakem tayin etti. \u0130kincisi, Ai\u015fe ve Muviye ile sava\u015fm\u0131\u015fken onlardan ne bir esir ne bir ganimet ald\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, m\u00fcminler kendisine biat etmi\u015fken o \u201cemir\u00fcl m\u00fcminin\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kullanmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ne dersiniz, e\u011fer size Allah\u2019\u0131n kitab\u0131ndan ve Peygamberin hadisinden reddedemeyece\u011finiz \u015feyler s\u00f6ylersem bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinizden d\u00f6ner misiniz?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Tabi, elbette.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; O halde ilk iddiaya, onun Allah\u2019\u0131n dininde hakem se\u00e7mesine gelince, Allah s\u00fcbhaneh\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur: \u201cEy iman edenler! \u0130hraml\u0131 iken av\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyin. \u0130\u00e7inizden kim onu kasten \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrse \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hayvan\u0131n dengi (ona) cezad\u0131r. (Buna) K\u00e2be\u2019ye varacak bir kurban olmak \u00fczere i\u00e7inizden adalet sahibi iki ki\u015fi (hakem) h\u00fckmeder (\u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen av\u0131n dengini takdir eder).\u201d (Maide, 95) \u015eimdi Allah i\u00e7in soruyorum size: \u0130nsanlar\u0131n kan ve canlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak, aralar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek ad\u0131na h\u00fckmetmek mi daha gereklidir yoksa bir dirhem bile etmeyen tav\u015fan hakk\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm vermek mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Aksine, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n kanlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve aralar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak ad\u0131na h\u00fckmetmek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; \u00d6yleyse bu iddiadan vazge\u00e7tik mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Vallahi evet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Gelelim Ali\u2019nin t\u0131pk\u0131 Ras\u00fcl\u00fcllah Efendimiz gibi sava\u015f\u0131p da esir almamas\u0131 meselesine. Siz e\u011fer anneniz Ai\u015fe\u2019nin esir al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, di\u011fer esirler gibi onun da \u0131rz\u0131n\u0131n helal olmas\u0131n\u0131 kastediyorsan\u0131z, k\u00fcfre d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn\u00fcz demektir. Yok, e\u011fer onun anneniz oldu\u011funu kab\u00fcllenmezseniz, yine k\u00fcfre girdiniz demektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah s\u00fcbhaneh\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur: \u201cPeygamber m\u00fcminlere kendi canlar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce gelir. Onun han\u0131mlar\u0131 m\u00fcminlerin anneleridir.\u201d (Ahzap, 6) Bu durumda takdir sizin. Hangi \u015f\u0131kk\u0131 se\u00e7ece\u011finize karar verin. Ne diyorsunuz, bu iddiadan da vazge\u00e7tiniz mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Vallahi evet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Son olarak Ali\u2019nin kendi i\u00e7in \u201cemir\u00fcl m\u00fcminin\u201d \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 kullanmamas\u0131na gelince, Ras\u00fcl\u00fcllah da Hudeybiye Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda b\u00f6yle yapt\u0131. M\u00fc\u015frikler kendisinden anla\u015fma maddelerini yazmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyince, \u201cBunlar Allah ras\u00fcl\u00fc Muhammed\u2019in kab\u00fcl etti\u011fi hususlard\u0131r\u201d diye yazm\u0131\u015f, m\u00fc\u015frikler \u201ce\u011fer senin Allah\u2019\u0131n ras\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011funa inansayd\u0131k, Kabe\u2019den al\u0131koymaz ve seninle sava\u015fmazd\u0131k. Onun yerine \u2018Abdullah o\u011flu Muhammed\u2019 yaz\u201d demi\u015flerdi. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Allah Ras\u00fcl\u00fc Efendimiz \u201cbeni yalanlasan\u0131z da vallahi ben Allah\u2019\u0131n ras\u00fcl\u00fcy\u00fcm\u201d diyerek isteklerini kab\u00fcl etmi\u015fti. O halde bu konuda da anla\u015ft\u0131k m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Vallahi evet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sonu\u00e7ta \u0130bni Abbas\u2019\u0131n derin hikmet ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc huccetleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda 20 bin ki\u015fi tekrar halifenin saf\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 4 bin ki\u015fi eski inatlar\u0131nda diretmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Suver min hayati\u2019s-sah\u00e2be, Abdurrahman Re\u2019fet el-Ba\u015fa)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Cefer-i_Sadikin_Rafizi_ile_Munazarasi\"><strong>Cefer-i Sad\u0131k\u2019\u0131n Rafizi ile M\u00fcnazaras\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ali bin Salih anlat\u0131yor. Rafizilerden bir adam Cafer bin Muhammed es-Sad\u0131k\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131na gelir ve selamla\u015fma fasl\u0131ndan sonra konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flarlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ey Allah Ras\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn torunu! Allah Ras\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019nden sonra en hay\u0131rl\u0131 insan kimdir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ebubekir es-S\u0131dd\u0131k rad\u0131yallah\u00fc anh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Delilin nedir bu konuda?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Allah azze ve cellenin \u015fu ayetidir: \u201cE\u011fer siz ona (Peygamber\u2019e) yard\u0131m etmezseniz, Allah ona yard\u0131m eder. Hani o k\u00e2firler, onu Mekke\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 vakit sadece iki ki\u015fiden biri iken, ikisi de ma\u011farada bulunduklar\u0131 s\u0131rada arkada\u015f\u0131na \u2018\u00dcz\u00fclme, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah bizimledir.\u2019 diyordu.\u201d (Tevbe, 40) \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcleri Allah olan iki ki\u015fiden kim daha \u00fcst\u00fcn olabilir? Nebi aleyhisselam d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Hazreti Ebubekir\u2019den daha \u00fcst\u00fcn biri olabilir mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ama di\u011fer taraftan Ali bin Ebi Talip aleyhisselam (s\u00fcikast giri\u015fimi gecesi) hi\u00e7 korkmadan, Nebi sallallah\u00fc aleyhi vesellemin yata\u011f\u0131nda geceledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ebubekir de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde korkusuzca Peygamber sallallah\u00fc aleyhi ve sellemle kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Allah teala senin dedi\u011finin aksini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ne diyor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; \u201cHani (Peygamber) arkada\u015f\u0131na \u00fcz\u00fclme, diyordu. Allah bizimle beraberdir.\u201d Bu korkmak demek de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hay\u0131r! \u00dcz\u00fclmek korkudan, endi\u015feden farkl\u0131 bir \u015feydir. Hazreti Ebubekir Peygamber sallallah\u00fc aleyhi vesellemin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine, b\u00f6ylelikle Allah\u2019\u0131n dininin \u00f6ks\u00fcz kalaca\u011f\u0131na \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Onun \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, Allah\u2019\u0131n dini ve Allah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fcl\u00fc i\u00e7indi, yoksa kendi can\u0131na \u00fcz\u00fclm\u00fcyordu. Nas\u0131l \u00fcz\u00fcls\u00fcn! Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te y\u00fcze yak\u0131n b\u00f6cek kendisini soktu\u011fu halde g\u0131k\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Fakat \u00fcstad, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Allah teala ba\u015fka ayette \u015f\u00f6yle buyuruyor: \u201cSizin dostunuz (veliniz) ancak Allah\u2019t\u0131r, Resul\u00fcd\u00fcr, iman edenlerdir; onlar ki Allah\u2019\u0131n emirlerine boyun e\u011ferek namaz\u0131 k\u0131lar, zek\u00e2t\u0131 verirler.\u201d (Maide, 55) Bu ayet ruku halinde y\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bir fakire tasadduk etti\u011fi esnada Ali bin Ebi Talip hakk\u0131nda inmi\u015ftir. Peygamber Efendimiz de bunun \u00fczerine Allah\u2019a hamdetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ayn\u0131 surede bundan bir \u00f6nceki ayet \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir delildir: \u201cEy iman edenler! Sizden kim dininden d\u00f6nerse (bilsin ki) Allah, sevdi\u011fi ve kendisini seven toplum getirecektir.\u201d (Maide, 54) Allah Ras\u00fcl\u00fcnden sonra Araplarda dinden d\u00f6nmeler ya\u015fand\u0131. Kafirler Nihavend\u2019e toplan\u0131p \u201cart\u0131k g\u00fc\u00e7 ald\u0131klar\u0131 adam \u00f6ld\u00fc\u201d dediler. Hatta Hazreti \u00d6mer Halife Ebubekir\u2019e \u201ck\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 namazlar\u0131 dikkate al, bo\u015f ver zek\u00e2tlar\u0131 kendilerine kals\u0131n\u201d dedi. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Hazreti Ebubekir \u015f\u00f6yle \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131: \u201cVallahi onlar Ras\u00fclullah\u2019a zek\u00e2t olarak verdikleri di\u015fi bir o\u011fla\u011f\u0131 bile bana vermezlerse onu vermeleri i\u00e7in elbette onlarla sava\u015f\u0131r\u0131m.\u201d \u0130\u015fte ayet Hazreti Ebubekir\u2019in daha faziletli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ba\u015fka bir delilim daha var: \u201cMallar\u0131n\u0131 gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz, gizli ve a\u00e7\u0131k hayra sarfedenler var ya\u2026\u201d (Bakara, 274) Bu ayet Ali aleyhisselam hakk\u0131nda nazil oldu. Sahip oldu\u011fu d\u00f6rt dinardan birini gece, birini g\u00fcnd\u00fcz; birini a\u015fik\u00e2r, birini gizli tasadduk etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hazreti Ebubekir i\u00e7in bundan daha a\u00e7\u0131k bir ayet var Kuran\u2019da. Buyurur ki Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2: \u201cKaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman geceye andolsun! A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p ayd\u0131nlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman g\u00fcnd\u00fcze and olsun! Erke\u011fi ve di\u015fiyi yaratana andolsun! Ger\u00e7ekten sizin i\u015finiz ba\u015fka ba\u015fkad\u0131r. Art\u0131k kim verir ve sak\u0131n\u0131rsa, en g\u00fczeli de tasdik ederse\u2026\u201d (bu ve cevaptaki di\u011fer ayetler Leyl suresinden) \u0130\u015fte burada Bahsedilen Hazreti Ebubekir\u2019dir. \u201cBiz onu en kolay yola muvaffak k\u0131laca\u011f\u0131z.\u201d Bu da Ebubekir\u2019dir. \u201cTemizlenmek \u00fczere mal\u0131n\u0131 hayra veren iyiler ondan (ate\u015ften) uzak tutulur.\u201d Bu Ebubekir\u2019dir. \u201cO yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyili\u011fi birinden kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in yapmaz. Ancak y\u00fcceler y\u00fccesi Rabbinin r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 aramak i\u00e7in yapar. Elbette yak\u0131nda kendisi de ho\u015fnut olacakt\u0131r.\u201d Bu ayetlerde de bahsedilen hep Ebubekir\u2019dir. Mal\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 40 bin dirhemi infak etmi\u015f,&nbsp; o kadar ki s\u0131rt\u0131nda bir elbisesi kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun \u00fczerine Cebrail g\u00f6kten inerek Allah\u2019\u0131n \u201cBenden Ebubekir\u2019e selam s\u00f6yle. Ve sor bakal\u0131m, bu fakir halinde benden raz\u0131 m\u0131?\u201d&nbsp; s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc bildirmi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine \u00fc\u00e7 defa \u201cben Rabbimden raz\u0131y\u0131m\u201d demi\u015f, Allah da ondan raz\u0131 olmay\u0131 vadetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Peki, Tevbe suresindeki ayete ne diyeceksin? \u201cHacca gelenlere su vermeyi, Mescid-i Haram\u2019\u0131 onarmay\u0131, Allah\u2019a ve ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcne inananla, Allah yolunda cihat edenle bir mi tuttunuz?\u201d (Tevbe, 19) Bu da Ali aleyhisselam hakk\u0131nda nazil olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hazreti Ebubekir i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131s\u0131 var Kuran\u2019da. \u201c\u0130\u00e7inizden, fetihten \u00f6nce harcayan ve sava\u015fan bir olmaz. Onlar\u0131n derecesi, sonradan infak eden ve sava\u015fanlardan daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.\u201d (Hadid, 10) Ebubekir Allah yolunda ilk cihad eden, Allah Ras\u00fcl\u00fc ile beraber ilk \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lan ve ilk infak edendir. M\u00fc\u015frikler Peygamber Efendimize fiili sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunmaya yeltendiklerinde, bunu duyan Hazreti Ebubekir Mekke sokaklar\u0131nda ko\u015farak \u201cYaz\u0131klar olsun size! Rabbim Allah dedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bir insan\u0131 m\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcreceksiniz?! Oysa o size Rabbinizden a\u00e7\u0131k delillerle geldi.\u201d demi\u015ftir. Bu sefer m\u00fc\u015frikler ona sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc kan revan i\u00e7inde b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Mal\u0131 ilk infak eden de odur. Peygamber Efendimiz \u201cHi\u00e7bir mal bana Ebubekir\u2019in mal\u0131 kadar fayda vermedi\u201d buyurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ama di\u011fer taraftan Ali bir an olsun Allah\u2019a \u015firk ko\u015fmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Olsun, Allah Ebubekir\u2019e \u00f6yle bir \u00f6vg\u00fcde bulunmu\u015ftur ki ba\u015fka \u015feye gerek kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cO kimseler ki, ger\u00e7e\u011fi getirmi\u015f ve onu do\u011frulam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.\u201d (Z\u00fcmer, 33) Burada ilk bahsedilen Efendimiz, ikincisi Ebubekir\u2019dir. Herkes Efendimize \u201cyalan s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsun\u201d dedi\u011finde Ebubekir \u201cdo\u011fruyu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsun\u201d dedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu ayet inmi\u015ftir. Ona mahsus tasdik ayetidir bu.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; \u015euna ne diyeceksiniz; Ali\u2019yi sevmek Allah\u2019\u0131n kitab\u0131nda farz k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cDe ki, ben bu tebli\u011fime kar\u015f\u0131 sizden akrabal\u0131kta sevgiden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u00fccret istemiyorum.\u201d (\u015e\u00fbra, 23)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ebubekir i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131 \u015fey s\u00f6z konusu. \u201cOnlardan sonra gelenler: \u2018Rabbimiz! Bizi ve bizden \u00f6nce inanm\u0131\u015f olan karde\u015flerimizi ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla. Kalbimizde m\u00fcminlere kar\u015f\u0131 kin b\u0131rakma. Rabbimiz! \u015e\u00fcphesiz Sen \u015fefkatlisin, merhametlisin\u2019 derler.\u201d (Ha\u015fr, 10) Hazreti Ebubekir imanda \u00f6ne ge\u00e7endir. Onun i\u00e7in af dilemek ve ona muhabbet beslemek farzd\u0131r, ona bu\u011fzetmek haramd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Bir de hadise bak\u0131n \u00fcstad. Peygamber aleyhisselam \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cHasan ve H\u00fcseyin cennet gen\u00e7lerinin efendileridir. Babalar\u0131 ikisinden de de\u011ferlidir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ebubekir\u2019in derecesi Allah kat\u0131nda bundan daha \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bana babam dedemden, o da Hazreti Ali\u2019den \u015f\u00f6yle dedi\u011fini nakletti: \u201cBir keresinde Peygamber Efendimizin yan\u0131ndayd\u0131m. Ba\u015fka kimse yoktu. Bu s\u0131rada Ebubekir ve \u00d6mer g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc. Efendimiz buyurdu ki; \u201cEy Ali, bu ikisi ilk insanlardan k\u0131yamete kadar cennet ehlinin yeti\u015fkinlerinin ve gen\u00e7lerinin efendileridir. Yaln\u0131z bundan nebiler ve ras\u00fcller m\u00fcstesnad\u0131r. Sak\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece bunu onlara s\u00f6yleme.\u201d Hazreti Ali, onlar \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar bu hadisi kimseye s\u00f6ylemedi\u011fini haber verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nihayet Rafizi adam haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlar ve derin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duyar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ey Allah Ras\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn torunu! T\u00f6vbem m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc benim?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; T\u00f6vbe kap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k. D\u00f6rt halife i\u00e7in bolca isti\u011ffar et. Onlara muhalif \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00fcrsen \u0130slam f\u0131trat\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f olursun ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n iyilikler -t\u0131pk\u0131 kafirlerinki gibi- heba olup gider.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(M\u00fcnazarat u Cafer bin Muhammed Sad\u0131k Maa\u2019r Rafizi, Tahkik: Ali bin Abd\u00fclaziz Al-i \u015eibl)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Ebu_Hanifenin_Imam_Katadeye_Yonelttigi_Sorular\"><strong>Ebu Hanife\u2019nin \u0130mam Kat\u00e2de\u2019ye Y\u00f6neltti\u011fi Sorular<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hatip Ba\u011fdadi Nadr bin Muhammed\u2019den nakleder. Tabi\u00eenin b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fcfessirlerinden \u0130mam Kat\u00e2de g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinden K\u00fcfe\u2019ye gelir ve Ebu Berde\u2019nin evinde misafir olur. D\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u201cKendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan Allah\u2019a yemin ederim ki bug\u00fcn bana kim helal ve haramdan ne sorarsa cevab\u0131n\u0131 verece\u011fim\u201d der. Bunun \u00fczerine \u0130mam Ebu Hanife kalkar ve \u015funu sorar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ey Ebu\u2019l Hattap! Y\u0131llarca kocas\u0131ndan haber alamayan kad\u0131n hakk\u0131nda ne dersin?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hazreti \u00d6mer\u2019in dedi\u011fini derim. Kad\u0131n d\u00f6rt y\u0131l bekler. Bu zaman zarf\u0131nda kocas\u0131 gelirse nik\u00e2h\u0131 devam eder. Yok, d\u00f6nmezse kocalar\u0131 \u00f6len di\u011fer kad\u0131nlar gibi d\u00f6rt ay on g\u00fcn iddet bekler. Sonra ba\u015fka bir adamla evlenebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Peki, ilk koca d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u201cBe kad\u0131n! Hayatta oldu\u011fum halde ba\u015fkas\u0131yla nik\u00e2hland\u0131n.\u201d derse ve ikinci koca \u201cBir kocan oldu\u011fu halde benimle evlendin\u201d diye k\u0131zarsa bu durumda kad\u0131n kimin han\u0131m\u0131 say\u0131lacak ve hangi adamla lanetle\u015fecek?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Yaz\u0131k sana! Oldu mu b\u00f6yle bir hadise?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hay\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hen\u00fcz olmayan bir \u015feyi bana niye soruyorsun?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Belaya o gelmeden \u00f6nce haz\u0131rlan\u0131yoruz ki ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za geldi\u011finde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolunu bilelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Vallahi daha helal ve haramdan size bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylemem. Bana tefsirden sorun. Ebu Hanife yine kalkar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; \u201cYan\u0131nda kitaptan bir ilim bulunan ki\u015fi (S\u00fcleyman\u2019a) dedi ki\u2026\u201d ayetinde (Neml, 40) bahsedilen ki\u015fi kimdir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hazreti S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n k\u00e2tibi Asaf bin Berhiya\u2019d\u0131r. Kendisi \u0130sm-i Azam\u2019\u0131 bilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Peki, Hazreti S\u00fcleyman bilir miydi \u0130sm-i Azam\u2019\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hay\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Nas\u0131l oluyor da bir peygamberin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ondan daha iyi bilen varolabiliyor, bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Size tefsirden de bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylemeyece\u011fim. Bana \u00e2limlerin ihtilaf etti\u011fi hususlardan sorun. Ebu Hanife yine kalkar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ey Ebu Hattap! Sen kesin \u015fekilde m\u00fcmin misin?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Umar\u0131m \u00f6yleyimdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Neden?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Hazreti \u0130brahim\u2019in \u015fu s\u00f6z\u00fcnden dolay\u0131: \u201cVe hesap g\u00fcn\u00fc hatalar\u0131m\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umdu\u011fum O\u2019dur.\u201d (\u015euara, 82)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Bunun yerine Hazreti \u0130brahim\u2019e \u201csen iman etmedin mi?\u201d diye soruldu\u011funda \u201cEvet iman ettim, fakat kalbim yat\u0131\u015fs\u0131n diye sordum.\u201d (Bakara, 260) \u015feklinde cevap verdi\u011fi ayete dayanarak cevap verseydin ya!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun \u00fczerine \u0130mam Kat\u00e2de \u00f6fkelenerek kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 eve girer, art\u0131k orada konu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131na dair yemin eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Hatip Ba\u011fdadi, Tarih u Ba\u011fdad; Muvaffak Mekki, Men\u00e2k\u0131b)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Ahmed_b_Sureyc_ile_Muhammed_b_Davud_ez-Zahiri_Arasindaki_Diyalog\"><strong>Ahmed b. S\u00fcreyc ile Muhammed b. Davud ez-Zahiri Aras\u0131ndaki Diyalog<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130bni S\u00fcreyc: Nasslar\u0131n zahirine bak\u0131p k\u0131yas\u0131 reddetti\u011fine g\u00f6re, Allah tealan\u0131n \u015fu ayeti hakk\u0131nda ne diyorsun: \u201cKim zerre kadar iyilik yaparsa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6recektir. Kim de zerre kadar k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck yaparsa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6recektir.\u201d (Zilzal, 7-8) Peki zerrenin yar\u0131s\u0131 kadar iyilik veya k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck yapan\u0131n hali ne olacak?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Muhammed bin Davud ez-Zahiri: (Uzunca sustuktan sonra) \u0130zin ver de t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc yutkunay\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Tabi, istersen Dicle\u2019yi yut.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; En iyisi bana bir saat s\u00fcre tan\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; K\u0131yamet saatine kadar sana m\u00fchlet tan\u0131d\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Burhaneddin ez-Zerke\u015fi, el-Burhan fi ulumi\u2019l-Kuran)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Imam_Zevzeni_ile_Ata_el-Makdisinin_Kisas_Tartismasi\"><strong>\u0130mam Zevzeni ile At\u00e2 el-Makdisi\u2019nin K\u0131sas Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l Arabi el-Maliki k\u0131sas ayetini tefsir ederken anlat\u0131r. Hicri 487 senesine Hanefilerin me\u015fhur \u00e2limi \u015eeyh Zevzeni Mescid-i Aksa\u2019y\u0131 ziyarete gelir. Etraf\u0131na toplanan b\u00f6lge \u00e2limleri kendisine kafiri \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k M\u00fcsl\u00fcmana k\u0131sas uygulan\u0131p uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorarlar. Zevzeni \u201cEvet, bu durumda k\u0131sas yoluyla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verir. \u201c\u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclenler hakk\u0131nda \u00fczerinize k\u0131sas h\u00fckm\u00fc getirildi\u201d ayetini, \u201cbu her cani i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir\u201d diyerek delil getirir. Bu cevap \u00fczerine mecliste bulunan \u00fcnl\u00fc \u015eafii fakih At\u00e2 el-Makdisi s\u00f6ze girer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; \u00dcstad\u0131n getirdi\u011fi ayet \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00f6nden kendisine delil olmaz. Birincisi, Allah s\u00fcbhaneh\u00fc \u201cK\u0131sas size farz k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131\u201d derken cezada e\u015fitli\u011fi \u015fart ko\u015fuyor, oysa M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ile kafir aras\u0131nda e\u015fitlik yok. Kafirin mertebesi daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. \u0130kincisi, Allah s\u00fcbhaneh\u00fc ayetin sonunu evveline ba\u011fl\u0131yor ve \u201cH\u00fcre kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k h\u00fcr, k\u00f6leye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k k\u00f6le, kad\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k kad\u0131n (\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi) \u015feklinde k\u0131sas size farz k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131\u201d buyuruyor. K\u00fcfr\u00fcn sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan olan esareti sebebiyle k\u00f6le h\u00fcre denk gelmiyorsa kafirin hayli hayli ona denk d\u00fc\u015fmemesi gerekir. Delildeki \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc eksiklik ise \u015fu: Allah s\u00fcbhaneh\u00fc ayetin devam\u0131nda \u201cAncak her kimin cezas\u0131, karde\u015fi (\u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclenin velisi) taraf\u0131ndan bir miktar ba\u011f\u0131\u015flan\u0131rsa.\u201d buyuruyor. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla kafir aras\u0131nda bir karde\u015fli\u011fin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fey. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ayet sizin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcze mesned te\u015fkil etmez.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ne alakas\u0131 var, bu gayet sahih bir delil. \u0130tiraz etti\u011fin noktalar beni ba\u011flam\u0131yor. \u201cAllah teala cezada e\u015fitli\u011fi \u015fart ko\u015ftu\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131yorum, lakin kafirle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n e\u015fit olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131 do\u011fru de\u011fil. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ikisi k\u0131sas i\u00e7in yeterli olan haraml\u0131k konusunda e\u015fitler. Bu ebediyen kan ak\u0131tman\u0131n haraml\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130slam yurdunun sakinleri olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in zimminin de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n da ebediyen kanlar\u0131 haramd\u0131r. Zimminin mal\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7almas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n elinin kesilmesinden bunu \u00e7\u0131karabiliriz. Zimminin mal\u0131n\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n mal\u0131yla e\u015fit olmas\u0131, kan\u0131n\u0131n da e\u015fit oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6yle ya, mal sonu\u00e7ta sahibinin haraml\u0131\u011f\u0131, dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine haram ve dokunulmaz oluyor. \u201cH\u00fcr k\u00f6leye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k k\u0131sasla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmez\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcne gelince, buna kat\u0131lm\u0131yorum. Bana g\u00f6re ona k\u0131sas uygulan\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla burada as\u0131ls\u0131z bir iddiayla beni \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmeye kalk\u0131\u015ft\u0131n. \u201cKimin cezas\u0131 karde\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flan\u0131rsa\u201d k\u0131sm\u0131na gelirsek, evet, ben de b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum, lakin bu affetmeye mahsus bir \u015feydir, genel olarak k\u0131sas\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fini engellemez. \u0130kisi birbirine z\u0131t meseleler. Birinin umumi olu\u015fu di\u011ferinin hususili\u011fini engellemez. Ayn\u0131 durum tersi i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli.(\u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l Arabi, Ahkam\u00fc\u2019l-Kur\u2019\u00e2n)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>Bu makaleyi okuyanlar i\u00e7in tavsiye yaz\u0131: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ulemanin-bahar-i-omru\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"Uleman\u0131n Bahar-\u0131 \u00d6mr\u00fc\">&#8220;Uleman\u0131n Bahar-\u0131 \u00d6mr\u00fc&#8221;<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130&ccedil;indekilerAbdullah b. Abbas\u2019\u0131n Haricilerle G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesiCefer-i Sad\u0131k\u2019\u0131n Rafizi ile M\u00fcnazaras\u0131Ebu Hanife\u2019nin \u0130mam Kat\u00e2de\u2019ye Y\u00f6neltti\u011fi SorularAhmed b. S\u00fcreyc ile Muhammed b. Davud ez-Zahiri Aras\u0131ndaki Diyalog\u0130mam Zevzeni ile At\u00e2 el-Makdisi\u2019nin K\u0131sas Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Abdullah b. Abbas\u2019\u0131n Haricilerle G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi Hazreti Muaviye ile Halife Hazreti Ali aras\u0131nda gerginlik ya\u015fanan d\u00f6nemde Hariciler Halifeden ayr\u0131l\u0131nca, \u0130bni Abbas kendileriyle diyalog kurmak \u00fczere izin ister. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":4257,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[598],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3710"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3710"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5130,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3710\/revisions\/5130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}