Hz. \u0130brahim\u2019den (a.s.) \u00f6nce Hicaz b\u00f6lgesinde Am\u00e2lika ve Ben\u00ee C\u00fcrh\u00fcm kabilelerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015fe dayanan bir tarih yoktur. Hz. \u0130brahim ve Hz. \u0130smail\u2019in (a.s.) buraya gelmeleri ve K\u00e2be\u2019yi in\u015fa etmelerinden sonra belde \u015f\u00f6hret kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonralar\u0131 K\u00e2be Araplar i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez bir de\u011fer haline gelmi\u015ftir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n nezdinde K\u00e2be\u2019nin bu kadar de\u011ferli olu\u015funa daha fazla dayanamayan Yemen valisi Ebrehe, ordusuna filleri katarak, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7le K\u00e2be\u2019yi y\u0131kmak istedi. Lakin Allah\u2019\u0131n gazab\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131. Bu olaydan sonra K\u00e2be\u2019nin de\u011feri daha \u00e7ok artt\u0131. K\u00e2be kutsal oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ziyaret\u00e7isi de \u00e7oktu. Mekke ve civar\u0131nda oturanlar K\u00e2be\u2019yi ziyarete gelen hac\u0131lara her konuda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur, t\u00fcm ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 gidermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Buna ra\u011fmen g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczler ezilirdi. K\u00f6lelik burada da yayg\u0131nd\u0131. Bat\u0131l inan\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fidi \u00e7oktu. Namus ve \u015ferefleri u\u011fruna canlar\u0131n\u0131 vermekten bir an geri durmazlard\u0131. Akrabal\u0131k ba\u011flar\u0131 kuvvetliydi. \u0130\u00e7ki, kumar, e\u011flence onlar\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmu\u015ftu. Putperestlik inanc\u0131 yayg\u0131n olmakla birlikte, Yahudi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hristiyan ve Mecusi dinine mensup olanlar oldu\u011fu gibi herhangi bir dine mensup olmayanlar da vard\u0131. B\u00f6yle bir beldede iyili\u011fin her daim kaim olabilmesi i\u00e7in Allah, kutlu el\u00e7isini g\u00f6nderdi. Hicret s\u00fcrecine kadar Mekke\u2019de \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan hadiseleri tarihler \u00fczerinden g\u00f6relim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fil y\u0131l\u0131: Hz. Peygamberin do\u011fumu. 17 Nisan 571 (Fil y\u0131l\u0131, K\u00e2be\u2019yi y\u0131kmak amac\u0131yla Mekke\u2019nin \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcyen Habe\u015fistan Devleti\u2019nin Yemen Valisi Ebrehe ve ordusunun Allah taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen ku\u015flarla hezimete u\u011frat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131r. \u00d6nemine binaen tarih ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6 ya\u015f\u0131nda: Annesiyle birlikte Medine\u2019ye gidi\u015fi ve annesinin orada vefat\u0131. (Annesi bu s\u0131rada 23 ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Babas\u0131 25 ya\u015f\u0131nda, Peygamberimiz daha anne karn\u0131nda iki ayl\u0131kken vefat etmi\u015ftir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8 ya\u015f\u0131nda: Dedesi Abdulmuttalib\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve Amcas\u0131 Ebu Talib\u2019in bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenmesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
12 ya\u015f\u0131nda: Amcas\u0131yla birlikte ticaret i\u00e7in \u015eam\u2019a gidi\u015fi. (Me\u015fhur Rahip Bahira k\u0131ssas\u0131n\u0131n bu yolculukta ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 rivayet edilir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
14 ya\u015f\u0131nda: Ficar sava\u015f\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131. (Araplar aras\u0131nda sava\u015fman\u0131n yasak oldu\u011fu haram aylarda [muharrem, recep, zilkade, zilhicce] yap\u0131lan sava\u015flara Ficar sava\u015flar\u0131 denir. Kurey\u015f ve Hevazin kabileleri aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan b\u00f6ylesi bir sava\u015fta Efendimizin sadece amcalar\u0131na ok ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 nakledilir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
20 ya\u015f\u0131nda: Hilfu\u2019l-Fudul anla\u015fmas\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131. (Hilfu\u2019l-Fudul, Erdemlilerin Yemini demektir ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc zulme kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi Araplar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Efendimizin de kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir anla\u015fmad\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
25 ya\u015f\u0131nda: Hz. Hatice\u2019nin k\u00f6lesi Meysere ile birlikte Hatice ad\u0131na ticarete ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve daha sonras\u0131nda Hatice ile evlenmesi. (Bu s\u0131rada Hatice Binti Huveylid 40 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. Efendimiz onunla 24 y\u0131l evli ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, \u0130brahim d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 kendisinden d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
35 ya\u015f\u0131nda: K\u00e2be\u2019nin tadilattan ge\u00e7mesi ve Hz. Peygamberin \u00e7\u0131kan kabile anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zen hakem olu\u015fu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
38 ya\u015f\u0131nda: Uzlete \u00e7ekilmesi. (Bazen g\u00fcnlerce s\u00fcren bu ma\u011fara tefekk\u00fcrleri, vahye manevi haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcreci olarak de\u011ferlendirilir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
40 ya\u015f\u0131nda: Vahyin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, peygamberlikle g\u00f6revlendirili\u015fi. (Melek Cebrail, Ramazan\u0131n 17\u2019sinde Hira Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019nda Alak suresinin ilk be\u015f ayetini indirmi\u015ftir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Peygamberli\u011fin 5. y\u0131l\u0131: 1. Habe\u015fistan Hicreti. (Mekke\u2019de dini ya\u015fama imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 daralan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, miladi 615 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 12\u2019si erkek ve 4\u2019d\u00fc kad\u0131n olmak \u00fczere Habe\u015fistan\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. y\u0131l\u0131: 2. Habe\u015fistan Hicreti. (\u0130lk kafilenin Kral Neca\u015fi\u2019nin s\u0131cak muamelesiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, 90 ki\u015filik bir grup daha gitti.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7. y\u0131l\u0131: M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ambargo konulmas\u0131. (616-619 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Peygamberin en yak\u0131nlar\u0131 Ha\u015fimo\u011fullar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 uygulanan ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasi boykot.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9. y\u0131l\u0131: Ambargo karar\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
10. y\u0131l\u0131: Ebu Talib\u2019in ve Hz. Hatice\u2019nin vefat\u0131. (Peygamberin en b\u00fcy\u00fck iki destek\u00e7isini kaybetmesi nedeniyle bu y\u0131la \u201ch\u00fcz\u00fcn y\u0131l\u0131\u201d denir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sevde Binti Zem\u2019a ile evlili\u011fi. (Sevde validemiz bu s\u0131rada 50 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. Efendimizin bak\u0131ma muhta\u00e7 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na anne \u015fefkatiyle bakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hicri 24 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat eder.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Destek aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in Taif\u2019e gidi\u015fi. (Han\u0131m\u0131 ve amcas\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131ndan sonra iyice himayesiz kalan Peygamberimiz, destek aramak i\u00e7in gitti\u011fi Taif\u2019ten aksine eziyet g\u00f6rerek d\u00f6ner. Taifliler sonraki y\u0131llarda topluca \u0130slam\u2019a girmi\u015flerdir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mekke\u2019ye gelen kabilelerle ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmas\u0131. (Peygamberimiz her y\u0131l hac mevsiminde Mekke d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p etraftan gelen kabilelerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ve \u0130slam\u2019a davet ederdi. \u0130lk olumlu cevab\u0131, peygamberli\u011fin on birinci senesi Akabe\u2019de Medine\u2019nin Hazrec kabilesine mensup bir gruptan ald\u0131.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
11. y\u0131l\u0131: Hz. Ai\u015fe ile nik\u00e2h k\u0131ymas\u0131. (Ai\u015fe validemiz bu s\u0131rada alt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Medine\u2019de dokuz ya\u015f\u0131nda Efendimizle ayn\u0131 evde ya\u015famaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
12. y\u0131l\u0131: \u0130sra ve Mira\u00e7 hadisesi. Ramazan ay\u0131. (Tercih edilen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re Medine\u2019ye hicretten 19 ay sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Be\u015f vakit namaz\u0131n farz k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131. (\u0130sra hadisesinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 vahiy sonucu. Bundan \u00f6nce biri g\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fmadan evvel, biri batt\u0131ktan sonra iki vakit namaz k\u0131l\u0131nmaktayd\u0131.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I. Akabe Biat\u0131. (Miladi 621. Akabe mevkiinde Efendimize her t\u00fcr sadakati g\u00f6sterece\u011fine s\u00f6z veren (biat) bu grup 12 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Musab Bin Umeyr\u2019in Medine\u2019ye hoca olarak g\u00f6nderili\u015fi ve orada \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
13. y\u0131l\u0131: II. Akabe Biat\u0131. Miladi 622. (75 ki\u015filik bu grup M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara Medine\u2019de ya\u015famay\u0131 teklif ettiler. Akabinde hicret i\u00e7in ilahi izin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
14. y\u0131l\u0131: Medine\u2019ye Hicret. 12 Rabiulevvel. Miladi 17 Temmuz 622 (Efendimiz hicret yolculu\u011funda Kuba\u2019da iki hafta kald\u0131 ve orada mescit yapt\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130slam\u2019da cemaate a\u00e7\u0131k ilk mescit budur.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n