{"id":400,"date":"2021-06-14T18:49:33","date_gmt":"2021-06-14T15:49:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.safirtema.com\/safirblog\/2018\/05\/03\/anastasia-reshetovanin-ayaklarinin-buyuklugu-sosyal-medyada-olay-oldu\/"},"modified":"2021-11-29T12:43:41","modified_gmt":"2021-11-29T09:43:41","slug":"ictihat-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ictihat-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u00e7tihat Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_wrap_left no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#ICTIHAT_NEDIR\">\u0130\u00c7T\u0130HAT NED\u0130R?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#ICTIHAT_EHLIYETI\">\u0130\u00c7T\u0130HAT EHL\u0130YET\u0130<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-KAYNAK_BILGISI\">1-KAYNAK B\u0130LG\u0130S\u0130<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-YONTEM_BILGISI\">2-Y\u00d6NTEM B\u0130LG\u0130S\u0130 <\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynaklar\">Kaynaklar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"ICTIHAT_NEDIR\"><strong>\u0130<\/strong>\u00c7T\u0130HAT NED\u0130R?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ictihad\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0130\u00e7tihat,<\/a> \u015fer\u2019i bir h\u00fck\u00fcm hakk\u0131nda bir kanaate ula\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterilen \u00e7abaya denir. H\u00fckm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmemi\u015f bir mesele hakk\u0131nda m\u00fc\u00e7tehidin \u00e7\u0131kar yol bulabilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu \u00f6nemli bir y\u00f6ntemdir. \u0130\u00e7tihat kavram\u0131n\u0131n en belirgin halini \u201cMuaz Hadisi\u201d olarak bildi\u011fimiz o me\u015fhur hadiste g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muaz-b-cebel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Muaz bin Cebel<\/a> ile Peygamberimiz (as) aras\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle bir diyalog ge\u00e7mi\u015fti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>-Sana bir dava getirildi\u011fi zaman nas\u0131l ve neye g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcm verirsin?<\/strong><br><em>-Allah&#8217;\u0131n kitab\u0131ndaki h\u00fck\u00fcmlerle h\u00fck\u00fcm veririm.<\/em><br><strong>-Allah&#8217;\u0131n kitab\u0131nda onunla ilgili bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bulamazsan?<\/strong><br><em>-Resulullah&#8217;\u0131n s\u00fcnnetine g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcm veririm.<\/em><br><strong>-Resulullah&#8217;\u0131n s\u00fcnnetinde de onunla ilgili bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bulamazsan, ne yapars\u0131n?&nbsp;<\/strong><br><em>-O zaman, kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme g\u00f6re i\u00e7tihat eder, h\u00fck\u00fcm veririm.<\/em><br><strong>-Allah&#8217;a hamdolsun ki, Resulullah&#8217;\u0131n el\u00e7isini, Resulullah&#8217;\u0131n raz\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u015feye muvaffak k\u0131ld\u0131.&#8221; <\/strong><br>(<em>Tabak\u00e2t, 3:584; M\u00fcsned, 5:230; ibn-i Kes\u00eer, S\u00eere, 4:199.<\/em>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"ICTIHAT_EHLIYETI\">\u0130\u00c7T\u0130HAT EHL\u0130YET\u0130<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130\u00e7tihat ehliyetinin iki temel \u015fart\u0131 vard\u0131r: <strong><em>Kaynak ve y\u00f6ntem bilgisi. <\/em><\/strong>Bu iki \u015fart olmadan i\u00e7tihad\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu bahsettiklerimizi bir \u015fema \u00fczerinde inceleyelim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/ictihad-nedir-01-1024x294.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1267\" width=\"604\" height=\"173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/ictihad-nedir-01-1024x294.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/ictihad-nedir-01-300x86.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/ictihad-nedir-01-768x220.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/ictihad-nedir-01-1536x441.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/ictihad-nedir-01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 604px) 100vw, 604px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"1-KAYNAK_BILGISI\"><strong>1-KAYNAK B\u0130LG\u0130S\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kur\u2019an Bilgisi<\/strong>: M\u00fc\u00e7tehidin ahk\u00e2m ayetlerini bilmesidir. Ayetleri ezberlemi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fart de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>S\u00fcnnet Bilgisi<\/strong>: S\u00fcnneti bilme \u015fart\u0131 da benzeri bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ele al\u0131n\u0131r ve m\u00fc\u00e7tehidin sadece ahk\u00e2m hadislerini bilmesi yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hadislerin ezbere bilinmesi \u015fart de\u011fildir. Fakat bunu hemen \u015furada izah edelim; usulc\u00fclerin m\u00fc\u00e7tehitte arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcnnet bilgisi, metin ve sened olarak hadisin bilinmesini kapsar. \u00d6zellikle Hanefilere g\u00f6re ravilerin hallerini bilmek ve bir hadisin m\u00fctevatir mi me\u015fhur mu veya haber-i vahid mi oldu\u011funu bilmek, yine ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, sened bilgisi kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130cm\u00e2 Bilgisi<\/strong>: Bir kimsenin, kendi zaman\u0131na kadar \u00fczerinde icm\u00e2 ve ihtilaf vuku bulan b\u00fct\u00fcn konular\u0131 bilmesi zor oldu\u011fundan m\u00fc\u00e7tehidin icm\u00e2 ve ihtilaf edilen konular\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, sadece fetva verece\u011fi meselelerle ilgili olanlar\u0131n\u0131 bilmesinin yeterli olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Arap\u00e7a Bilgisi<\/strong>: M\u00fc\u00e7tehidin Arap\u00e7a bilmesinin \u015fart ko\u015fulmas\u0131, \u015fer\u2019i h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin iki temel kayna\u011f\u0131 olan Kitap ve s\u00fcnnetin Arap\u00e7a olmas\u0131 sebebiyledir. Bu bilginin asgari s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, \u0130mam Gazali\u2019nin ifadesiyle Araplar\u0131n hitab\u0131n\u0131 ve dili kullan\u0131m \u00e2detini anlayabilecek ve s\u00f6z\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, hakikatini mecaz\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zelini genelini, do\u011frudan ya da dolayl\u0131 anlam\u0131n\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rabilecek bir seviyedir. Yoksa Arap dilcileri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde bir dil bilgisine sahip bulunmak \u015fart g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"2-YONTEM_BILGISI\"><strong>2-Y\u00d6NTEM B\u0130LG\u0130S\u0130 <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Naslardan h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n en yayg\u0131n kabul g\u00f6ren y\u00f6ntemi k\u0131yas oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in k\u0131yas\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini, k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131, makbul ve merdud olan\u0131n\u0131 bilmek, sahih i\u00e7tihat yapabilmenin \u015fart\u0131 say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>Bu makaleyi okuyanlar i\u00e7in tavsiye yaz\u0131: &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/delil-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Delil Nedir?\">Delil Nedir?<\/a>&#8220;<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Kaynaklar\"><strong>Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ictihad\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Apayd\u0131n, Yunus. \u201c\u0130ctihad\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muaz-b-cebel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kandemir, Ya\u015far. \u201cMuaz Bin Cebel\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><u>Yunus Apayd\u0131n, \u0130slam Hukuk Usul\u00fc, B\u0130LAY Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2018.<\/u><br><a href=\"https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/download\/article-file\/16889\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00c7ift\u00e7i, \u015eaban. Hadis E\u011fitiminde Usul-Pratik B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201cMuaz Hadisi\u201d \u00d6rne\u011fi makalesi.<\/a><a name=\"_ftn1\" href=\"#_ftnref1\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130\u00e7tihat Nedir?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":832,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[281,282,279,283,280],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/400"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=400"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/400\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2428,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/400\/revisions\/2428"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/832"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}