Taftaz\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019i y\u00fczy\u0131llarca medreselerde ders kitab\u0131 olarak okunmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu ra\u011fbetin bir sonucu olarak bir\u00e7ok ilmi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n da konusu olmu\u015ftur. Kas\u0131m b. Kutlubo\u011fa, Suy\u00fbt\u00ee ve Aliyy\u00fc\u2019l-K\u00e2r\u00ee eserde ge\u00e7en hadisleri tahri\u00e7 etmi\u015f ve onlarca \u00e2lim de kaleme ald\u0131klar\u0131 \u015ferh ve ha\u015fiyelerle esere hizmet etmi\u015flerdir. Hay\u00e2l\u00ee, Molla Ahmed el\u2011C\u00fcnd\u00ee, Kestel\u00ee ve Ramazan Efendi bunlar aras\u0131nda ilk akla gelenlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu ha\u015fiyeler aras\u0131nda Hay\u00e2l\u00ee gibi \u00e7ok ince felsef\u00ee-kel\u00e2m\u00ee n\u00fcktelere i\u015faret eden ileri d\u00fczey \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar oldu\u011fu gibi, Ramazan Efendi\u2019nin \u015eerhi gibi, \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019i kelime kelime, c\u00fcmle c\u00fcmle tahlil eden ve bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019in metnini anlama noktas\u0131nda faydal\u0131 olmu\u015f eserler de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019e g\u00f6sterilen bu ilgi, son d\u00f6nemlerde de devam etmi\u015ftir. Pakistan\u2019\u0131n Pencap b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan Multan\u2019\u0131n k\u00f6ylerinden Ferh\u00e2r\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya gelen Ebu Abdurrahman Abd\u00fclaziz b. Ahmed el-Ferh\u00e2r\u00ee de (h. 1239 sonras\u0131) son d\u00f6nemlerde \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapan \u00e2limlerdendir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ferh\u00e2r\u00ee, gen\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda (30, 32) vefat etmesine ra\u011fmen tefsir, hadis, kelam, mant\u0131k ve daha bir\u00e7ok alanda 30\u2019dan fazla eser kaleme alm\u0131\u015f ve bir\u00e7ok talebe yeti\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u015eer\u00ee ilimlerde kimi \u00e2limler taraf\u0131ndan Abd\u00fclhayy el\u2011Leknev\u00ee\u2019den daha yetkin g\u00f6r\u00fclen el\u2011Ferh\u00e2r\u00ee daha \u00e7ok \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015ferh olan en\u2011Nibras ile tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. en\u2011Nibr\u00e2s\u2019ta bulunan bir kay\u0131ttan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere bu onun son eseri\/eserlerindendir. el\u2011Ferh\u00e2r\u00ee\u2019nin bu \u015ferhinde kendisinden \u00f6nce yaz\u0131lan Hay\u00e2l\u00ee, Siyalk\u00fbt\u00ee, Molla Ahmed el\u2011C\u00fcnd\u00ee, \u0130s\u00e2m ve Kestel\u00ee gibi \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id etraf\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi tetkik etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Nitekim Nibr\u00e2s\u2019ta, zikretti\u011fimiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda g\u00fcndeme getirilen itirazlar, i\u015fkaller, cevaplar, tetkikler ve n\u00fckteler ad\u0131m ad\u0131m takip edilmi\u015f ve kendisinden \u00f6nceki bu ilmi mesai \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara ilaveten, el-Ferh\u00e2r\u00ee, \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019de zikredilen yahut zikredilmeyip kendisinin g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fi kimi kelami problemlere; gerek kelam ilminin temel eserlerinden nakille gerekse kendi ortaya koydu\u011fu tetkiklerle cevap vermi\u015ftir. Bu hususta \u00f6zellikle Hay\u00e2l\u00ee\u2019den getirdi\u011fi i\u015fkaller ve bunlar i\u00e7in zikretti\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler zikre de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130lmi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Nibras, \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019in metnini \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme noktas\u0131nda da \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetlidir. Nitekim el-Ferh\u00e2r\u00ee, t\u0131pk\u0131 bir di\u011fer \u015farih olan Ramazan Efendi gibi, gerek l\u00fcgavi gerekse sarf\u00ee ve nahv\u00ee tahlillerle Taftaz\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin ifadelerini bir bir a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f ve bu hususta kafalarda hi\u00e7bir soru i\u015fareti kalmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in yo\u011fun \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bizce Nibras\u2019\u0131 ilim ehli i\u00e7in k\u0131ymetli k\u0131lan en \u00f6nemli birka\u00e7 \u00f6zellikten biri de budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
el-Ferh\u00e2r\u00ee\u2019nin \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id etraf\u0131nda eser veren m\u00fcelliflerden temay\u00fcz etti\u011fi bir di\u011fer hususiyet de onun hadis y\u00f6n\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u201cKevser\u00fc\u2019n-Nebiy\u201d isimli hadis usul\u00fc eseri, kendisinin Nibras\u2019tan sonra en \u00e7ok tan\u0131nan eserlerindendir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hadis ilimlerinin reva\u00e7ta oldu\u011fu bir co\u011frafyada yeti\u015fmi\u015f olman\u0131n avantajlar\u0131n\u0131 eserlerinde yans\u0131tan m\u00fcellif, gerek \u015eerhu\u2019l-Akaid\u2019de zikredilen gerekse kendisinin Nibras\u2019ta zikretti\u011fi hadislerin mutlaka tahri\u00e7lerini yapm\u0131\u015f ve zaman zaman bu hadislerin s\u00fcbut de\u011ferleriyle ilgili olarak bu fennin m\u00fctebahhir \u00e2limlerinden nakillerde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hatta Nibras sahibinin hadis tahri\u00e7 faaliyetinde \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019in di\u011fer iki muharrici olan Suyuti ve Molla Aliyy\u00fc\u2019l-K\u00e2r\u00ee\u2019den zaman zaman daha muvaffak oldu\u011funu da s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan onun Nibras\u2019ta yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu tahri\u00e7ler, \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019e yap\u0131lan tahri\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan m\u00fcsta\u011fni k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Nibras\u2019\u0131n bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi, \u015eerhu\u2019l-Akaid etraf\u0131nda meydana getirilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda ne yaz\u0131k ki eksik kalm\u0131\u015f bir y\u00f6n olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kitap piyasas\u0131nda nadiren bulunmas\u0131 ve bulunan n\u00fcshalar\u0131n\u0131n da son derece k\u00f6t\u00fc ne\u015firler olmas\u0131 sebebiyle bu k\u0131ymetli eseri haz\u0131rlay\u0131p ilim ehlinin istifadesine sunmaya karar verdik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu m\u00fcnasebetle eseri bilgisayar ortam\u0131na aktard\u0131ktan sonra ula\u015fabildi\u011fimiz iki matbu n\u00fcshas\u0131n\u0131 (maalesef yazma bir n\u00fcshaya eri\u015femedik!) kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k ve bunlar aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 dipnotta g\u00f6sterdik. Gerekli yerlerde paragraflara ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z metni son d\u00f6nemde takip edilen imla kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re tanzim ettik ve noktalama i\u015faretlerini kulland\u0131k. Gerek n\u00fcsha kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 sonucu gerekse Nibras sahibinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaynaklar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla eserde bulunan kimi hatalar\u0131 d\u00fczelttik. Ayetlerin bulunduklar\u0131 sure ve ayet numaralar\u0131n\u0131 zikrettik, eserde ge\u00e7en hadislerin tamam\u0131n\u0131n tahricini yapt\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara ilaveten m\u00fcellifin isim vermeden zikretti\u011fi baz\u0131 i\u015fk\u00e2l ve cevaplar\u0131n sahiplerini, \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id etraf\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan tespit edip bunlar\u0131 dipnotta g\u00f6sterdik. Bir de okuyucuya intikal kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id metnine, bir \u00e7izgi ile ayr\u0131lacaklar\u0131 \u015fekilde Nibras metninin \u00fczerinde yer verdik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eserin giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda Nibras sahibinin, Abd\u00fclhayy el\u2011Hasen\u00ee\u2019nin \u201cel\u2011\u0130\u2019l\u00e2m\u201d\u0131 ile Muhammed Musa er-Ruh\u00e2n\u00ee el-B\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019ye ait \u201cBu\u011fyet\u00fc\u2019l-K\u00e2mil\u201d isimli eserinden hulasa etti\u011fimiz veciz bir biyografisini zikrettik. Sonras\u0131nda ise Nibras ne\u015frinde takip etti\u011fimiz metotla ilgili maddeler halinde bir bilgilendirme yapt\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz baz\u0131 \u015fartlar gere\u011fi iki ay gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda haz\u0131rlamak durumunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu ne\u015fir hakk\u0131nda en az\u0131ndan, mevcut ne\u015firler i\u00e7erisinde en az hatay\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran, ilmi ne\u015fir kurallar\u0131na \u201cm\u00fcmk\u00fcn mertebe\u201d riayet edilmi\u015f bir ne\u015fir oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Taftaz\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin \u015eerhu\u2019l-Ak\u00e2id\u2019i y\u00fczy\u0131llarca medreselerde ders kitab\u0131 olarak okunmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu ra\u011fbetin bir sonucu olarak bir\u00e7ok ilmi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n da konusu olmu\u015ftur. Kas\u0131m b. Kutlubo\u011fa, Suy\u00fbt\u00ee ve Aliyy\u00fc\u2019l-K\u00e2r\u00ee eserde ge\u00e7en hadisleri tahri\u00e7 etmi\u015f ve onlarca \u00e2lim de kaleme ald\u0131klar\u0131 \u015ferh ve ha\u015fiyelerle esere hizmet etmi\u015flerdir. Hay\u00e2l\u00ee, Molla Ahmed el\u2011C\u00fcnd\u00ee, Kestel\u00ee ve Ramazan Efendi bunlar aras\u0131nda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[964],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4065"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4065"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4065\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4827,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4065\/revisions\/4827"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4065"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4065"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}