{"id":41,"date":"2021-09-23T14:15:18","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T11:15:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.safirtema.com\/safirblog\/2018\/05\/03\/steama-yeni-ozellik\/"},"modified":"2021-11-29T13:03:47","modified_gmt":"2021-11-29T10:03:47","slug":"gelenekcilik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/gelenekcilik\/","title":{"rendered":"Gelenek\u00e7ilik"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_wrap_left no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Gelenekcilik\">Gelenek\u00e7ilik<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Gelenekciligin_Ozgun_Karakteri_ve_Onemli_Ozellikleri\">Gelenek\u00e7ili\u011fin \u00d6zg\u00fcn Karakteri ve \u00d6nemli \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Islami_Gelenekcilik_ve_Temel_Ozellikleri\">\u0130slami Gelenek\u00e7ilik ve Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Liderlik_ozellikleri\">Liderlik \u00f6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Silsilenin_Vazgecilmezligi\">Silsilenin Vazge\u00e7ilmezli\u011fi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Selefiyye_Gelenekciligi_ve_Temel_Ozellikleri\">Selefiyye Gelenek\u00e7ili\u011fi ve Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Metin_Merkezcilik\">Metin Merkezcilik<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Erkek_Egemen_yapi\">Erkek Egemen yap\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kurtulmus_Firka\">Kurtulmu\u015f F\u0131rka<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Iman-Amel_Butunlugu\">\u0130man-Amel B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Naslarin_Zahirini_Itibara_Alma\">Naslar\u0131n Zahirini \u0130tibara Alma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#el-Vera_vel-Bera_Prensibi\">el-Vera ve\u2019l-Bera Prensibi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Rey_Karsitligi\">Rey Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Selefiyyenin_Asiri_Bir_Tezahuru_Olarak_Vehhabilik_Akimi\">Selefiyye\u2019nin A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Bir Tezah\u00fcr\u00fc Olarak Vehhabilik Ak\u0131m\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Vehhabilik_Dusuncesi\">Vehhabilik D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Vehhabilik_Tarihi\">Vehhabilik Tarihi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Vehhabiligin_Etkisi\">Vehhabili\u011fin Etkisi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Suudi_Selefiyye_ve_Cihadi_Selefiyye_Ayrimi\">Suudi Selefiyye ve Cihadi Selefiyye Ayr\u0131m\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Suudiyye\">Suudiyye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Cihadiyye\">Cih\u00e2diyye<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#el-Kaide_ve_Kuresel_Cihat\">el-K\u00e2ide ve K\u00fcresel Cihat<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Irak-Sam_Islam_Devleti_ISID\">Irak-\u015eam \u0130slam Devleti (I\u015e\u0130D)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Suudilik_ve_Cihadilik_Arasinda_Yeni_Bir_Durus_Olarak_Siyasi_Selefilik\">Suudilik ve Cihadilik Aras\u0131nda Yeni Bir Duru\u015f Olarak Siyasi Selefilik<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Sahve_Kokenli_Siyasallasma\">Sahve K\u00f6kenli Siyasalla\u015fma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Cihadi_Kokenli_Siyasallasma\">Cihadi K\u00f6kenli Siyasalla\u015fma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Suudi_Kokenli_Siyasallasma\">Suudi K\u00f6kenli Siyasalla\u015fma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Misir_ve_Pakistandaki_Diger_Buyuk_Selefi_Organizasyonlar\">M\u0131s\u0131r ve Pakistan\u2019daki Di\u011fer B\u00fcy\u00fck Selefi Organizasyonlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Selefiyyeler_Ayrismasinin_Belirgin_Sonuclari\">Selefiyyeler Ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n Belirgin Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Medrese_Gelenekciligi\">Medrese Gelenek\u00e7ili\u011fi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Diyobendiyye\">Diyobendiyye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Meclis-i_Tahaffuz-i_Hatm-i_Nubuvvet\">Meclis-i Tahaffuz-i Hatm-i N\u00fcb\u00fcvvet<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Sipah-i_Sahabe_Sahabe_Muhafizlari\">Sip\u00e2h-i Sah\u00e2be (Sahabe Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Taliban_Hareketi\">Taliban Hareketi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Taliban_ve_Selefiler\">Taliban ve Selefiler<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Pakistan_Talibani\">Pakistan Taliban\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Cemaat-i_Teblig\">Cemaat-i Tebli\u011f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Sii_Medrese_Gelenegi_ve_Iran_Islam_Cumhuriyeti\">\u015eii Medrese Gelene\u011fi ve \u0130ran \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Tarikat_Gelenekciligi\">Tarikat Gelenek\u00e7ili\u011fi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Barelviyye\">Barelviyye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Turkiyede_Halidiyye_Naksiligi\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Halidiyye Nak\u015fili\u011fi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Seriata_Riayet\">\u015eeriata Riayet<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Hadis_Zikir_ve_Sohbet\">Hadis, Zikir ve Sohbet<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Osmanliya_Sadakat\">Osmanl\u0131ya Sadakat<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Sia_Karsitligi\">\u015eia Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynaklar\">Kaynaklar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Gelenekcilik\"><strong>Gelenek\u00e7ilik<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Gelenekciligin_Ozgun_Karakteri_ve_Onemli_Ozellikleri\"><strong style=\"color: initial; font-size: medium;\">Gelenek\u00e7ili\u011fin \u00d6zg\u00fcn Karakteri ve \u00d6nemli \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/gelenek\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/gelenek\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gelenek <\/a>kutsald\u0131r ve sayg\u0131y\u0131 hak etmektedir. Mensuplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda maddi, manevi ba\u011flar\u0131 ve i\u00e7 ahengi g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren bir motivasyon sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Ortak bir kimlik \u015fuuru olu\u015fturur. De\u011fi\u015fim, geli\u015fim, yenilik ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/modernizm\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Modernizm\">modernlik <\/a>\u015f\u00fcpheyle kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Sabit ve donuk g\u00f6r\u00fcnseler de, ya\u015fanan zamana intibak edebilen bir esnekli\u011fe sahiptirler. Gelenek\u00e7i olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcreklilikleri ve modern zamanlarda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fekilde var olabilmeleri bundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r. Gelenek\u00e7iler modern olana alternatif sunmalar\u0131yla bir denge rol\u00fc oynamaktad\u0131rlar ve toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fimin h\u0131zl\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde bir fren vazifesi g\u00f6rmektedirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Islami_Gelenekcilik_ve_Temel_Ozellikleri\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">\u0130slami Gelenek\u00e7ilik ve Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Liderlik_ozellikleri\"><strong>Liderlik \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gelenek\u00e7i gruplar\u0131n liderleri genellikle \u00fcstaz, all\u00e2me, mevl\u00e2na, h\u00fcccet, molla gibi lakaplarla an\u0131l\u0131rlar. Tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131 geleneksel dini e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f kimselerdir. <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/talim-ve-terbiye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/talim-ve-terbiye\">Rahle-i tedris\u00e2t<\/a>, yani bir \u00e2limden veya \u015feyhten do\u011frudan al\u0131nan dersler \u00f6nem arz etti\u011finden, akademik kazan\u0131mlar liderlik kademelerinde \u00e7ok belirleyici de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Liderler genellikle geleneksel k\u0131yafetler giyerler. Ba\u015fta sar\u0131k, \u00fcstte c\u00fcbbe bu kost\u00fcm\u00fcn temel par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131yafetin rengi, giyinme ve \u00f6rt\u00fcnme \u015fekli sadece \u00f6zg\u00fcn gelenekleri sembolize etmekle kalmaz, yer yer hiyerar\u015fik bir stat\u00fcye de i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Silsilenin_Vazgecilmezligi\"><strong>Silsilenin Vazge\u00e7ilmezli\u011fi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-845\" width=\"341\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Klasik-Arapca-Metinleri-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 341px) 100vw, 341px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam\u00ee gelenek\u00e7ilikte <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/silsile\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/silsile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">silsile <\/a>bug\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7mi\u015fe ba\u011flar. Silsilesiz gelenek bir hi\u00e7tir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/selefiyye-mezhebi\/\" title=\"Selefiyye Mezhebi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Selefiyye <\/a>gelenek\u00e7ili\u011finde silsile rivayet senetleriyle olu\u015fur. \u0130snaddaki <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ravi\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ravi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">raviler <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/hadis-nedir\/\" title=\"Hadis Nedir?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hadis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/haber-ve-eser-kavramlari\/\" title=\"Haber ve Eser Kavramlar\u0131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">eser veya haber <\/a>denilen bu rivayetleri s\u00f6z\u00fcn ya da fiilin ilk sahibinden alarak birbirleri \u00fczerinden nesilden nesile aktar\u0131rlar. Selefiyye gelene\u011fi \u00f6zellikle \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n ilk \u00fc\u00e7 asr\u0131nda bu \u015fekildeki nakillerle aktar\u0131lan rivayetlerden olu\u015fmu\u015f ve S\u00fcnni <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/usul-i-hadis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/usul-i-hadis\">hadis usul\u00fc<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan sahih say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kitaplar\u0131 dinin tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z ana kaynaklar\u0131 olarak kabul eder. <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kutub-i-sitte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kutub-i-sitte\">K\u00fct\u00fcb-i Sitte<\/a> denilen alt\u0131 hadis kitab\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu kaynaklar\u0131n en sahihleri addedilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Medrese gelenek\u00e7ili\u011finde silsile, mevcut ulemay\u0131 ilk fakih say\u0131lan Hz. Muhammed\u2019e ba\u011flar. Mesela Hanefi mezhebinin kurucusu olan Ebu Hanife (\u00f6.150\/767), f\u0131k\u0131h hocas\u0131 Hammad\u2019dan (\u00f6.120\/738), o da hocas\u0131 \u0130brahim en-Neha\u00ee\u2019den (\u00f6.96\/714), o da hocas\u0131 Alkame\u2019den (62\/682), o da hocas\u0131 sahabi \u0130bn Mesud\u2019dan (\u00f6.32\/652)-53, o da Resulullah\u2019tan (as) alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lim silsilesi denilen bu zincir, nihayetinde o Resul\u2019u g\u00f6nderen ilahi varl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, ayn\u0131 zamanda kutsald\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Hanefi medrese hocalar\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/icazet--egitim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/icazet--egitim\">icazet <\/a>denilen di\u011fer bir silsile ile Ebu Hanife\u2019ye ba\u011flanarak bu kutsal zincirin son halkas\u0131 olurlar. \u0130cazet hocadan talebeye verilen \u00f6\u011fretim izni berat\u0131d\u0131r. Bizzat hocadan al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00f6zel bir silsile ile geriye do\u011fru mezhebin imam\u0131na, oradan da Hz. Resulullah\u2019a ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in akademik bir diplomadan farkl\u0131 ve \u00e7ok daha de\u011ferli kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tarikat\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tarikat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tarikat <\/a>gelenek\u00e7ili\u011finde ise silsile, mevcut \u015feyhleri ilk \u00f6nce tarikat\u0131n pirine, oradan da ilk sufi \u015feyh say\u0131lan Hz. Muhammed\u2019e ba\u011flar. Burada da &#8221; \u0130lahi Olan &#8221; ile bir irtibat s\u00f6z konusudur. Her tarikat\u0131n bir silsilenamesi bulunur. \u00d6rne\u011fin Halidiyye <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/halidiyye\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/halidiyye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nak\u015fili\u011finin<\/a> silsilesi, Hz. Peygamber\u2019den<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/imam-i-rabbani\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/imam-i-rabbani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> \u0130mam Rabbani<\/a>&#8216;ye (\u00f6.1034\/1624), sonra 15. s\u0131rada tarikat piri <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/bahaeddin-naksibend\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/bahaeddin-naksibend\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u015e\u00e2h-\u0131 Nak\u015fibend<\/a>\u2019e (\u00f6.791\/1381), 29. s\u0131rada <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/halid-el-bagdadi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/halid-el-bagdadi\">Halid-i Ba\u011fdadiye<\/a> (\u00f6.1242\/1827) ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Onun, art\u0131k <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/irsad\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/irsad\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ir\u015fad <\/a>makam\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in manevi terbiyeye yetkilendirdi\u011fi y\u00fczlerce <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/murid\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/murid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">m\u00fcridi<\/a>, halife vekil makam\u0131nda silsileyi farkl\u0131 kollardan devam ettirirler. Yetkilendirme bir nevi icazettir ve medrese gelene\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi genellikle yaz\u0131yla kaydedilir. Fark \u015fudur ki, medresenin icazeti ilmi bir aktar\u0131m\u0131, tarikat\u0131n ki ise manevi bir aktar\u0131m\u0131 temsil eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Selefiyye_Gelenekciligi_ve_Temel_Ozellikleri\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Selefiyye Gelenek\u00e7ili\u011fi ve Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu gelenek i\u00e7erisinde \u0130mam-\u0131 A\u2019zam, \u015feyh\u00fc\u2019l \u0130slam, fahr\u00fc\u2019l \u0130slam, \u015fems\u00fc\u2019l-eimme gibi lakaplar y\u00fcksek mertebelere i\u015faret eden unvanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Metin_Merkezcilik\"><strong>Metin Merkezcilik<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Tefsir-min-1024x680.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-978\" width=\"317\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Tefsir-min-1024x680.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Tefsir-min-300x199.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Tefsir-min-768x510.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Tefsir-min-1536x1020.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Tefsir-min-2048x1360.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 317px) 100vw, 317px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Gelenek\u00e7i yap\u0131lar dini ve d\u00fcnyevi meselelerde nakli bilgi ve teklifleri akli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere tercih etme e\u011filimindedirler. Selefiyye gelene\u011finde hadis mecmualar\u0131 ve \u015ferhleri, medrese gelenek\u00e7ili\u011finde <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/fikih-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"F\u0131k\u0131h Nedir?\">f\u0131k\u0131h<\/a>, tarikat gelenek\u00e7ili\u011finde tasavvuf klasikleri temel ba\u015fvuru kaynaklar\u0131 olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karlar. D\u00f6neminde ge\u00e7erli olan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemelerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de uygulanabilir oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek, bu bilgilerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserler birinci el kaynak addedilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahmed b. Hanbel (\u00f6.241\/855), akli <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/istidlal\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/istidlal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">istidlallere<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/rey\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/rey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rey<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kiyas\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kiyas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">k\u0131yas <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ictihad\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ictihad\">i\u00e7tihada <\/a>ancak zaruret halinde ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 \u00f6rnek al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 esaslarla, akl\u0131 esas alan kelam ve felsefe zararl\u0131 alanlar olarak de\u011ferlendirilmekte ve bunlarla me\u015fgul olanlar k\u0131nanmaktad\u0131r. F\u0131k\u0131h ve tasavvuf kaynaklar\u0131 da selef-i salih\u00een sonras\u0131 olu\u015fan metinler olduklar\u0131, ilki i\u00e7tihada, di\u011feri de ke\u015ffe dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Selefilerce itibar g\u00f6rmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Erkek_Egemen_yapi\"><strong>Erkek Egemen yap\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-1-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1971\" width=\"280\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-1-1.jpeg 495w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-1-1-300x279.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slami gelenek\u00e7ilikte, kad\u0131n sosyal hayattan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde soyutlanm\u0131\u015f olmakta, kad\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revi evinin i\u015fleri ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmaktad\u0131r. Kad\u0131n\u0131n tesett\u00fcr\u00fcne di\u011fer ak\u0131mlara k\u0131yasla daha fazla ihtimam g\u00f6sterilir. Gelenek\u00e7i te\u015fkilatlar ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 erkeklerin egemen oldu\u011fu yap\u0131lard\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve e\u011fitim sahalar\u0131nda iki cinsin yollar\u0131n\u0131n zarureten kesi\u015fti\u011fi durumlarda s\u0131k\u0131 bir ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma uygulan\u0131r. B\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f mek\u00e2nlar, m\u00fcstakil toplant\u0131lar, farkl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131flar ve hocalarla bu ayr\u0131m ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Kurtulmus_Firka\"><strong>Kurtulmu\u015f F\u0131rka<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Selefiyye ya da <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ehl-i-hadis\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ehl-i-hadis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ehl-i Hadis<\/a>, ta ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri kendisini<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ehli-sunnet-mezhebi\/\" title=\"Ehli S\u00fcnnet Mezhebi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet<\/a>\u2019in yeg\u00e2ne temsilcisi olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/firka-i-naciye\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/firka-i-naciye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">El-f\u0131rkat\u00fc\u2019n-n\u00e2ciye<\/a>, et-t\u00e2ifet\u00fc\u2019l-mans\u00fbra ayn\u0131 sebeple kendisine uygun bulup kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Selefiyye\u2019den olmayan Hanefiler, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/esariyye-mezhebi\/\" title=\"E\u015fariyye Mezhebi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">E\u015fariler<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sia\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u015eiiler<\/a>, tarikat s\u00e2liki suf\u00eeler ve di\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcman f\u0131rka ve ak\u0131mlar\u0131n mensuplar\u0131 ise <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ehl-i-bidat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ehl-i-bidat\">Ehl-i bidat<\/a> dahilindedirler, tebli\u011f ve davete muhta\u00e7t\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Iman-Amel_Butunlugu\"><strong>\u0130man-Amel B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Selefiyye anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6re iman; tasdik, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ikrar--fikih\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ikrar--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ikrar <\/a>ve amel \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmi\u015f h\u00e2lidir. Do\u011frudan bir ili\u015fki bulundu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 amellere g\u00f6re iman artar veya eksilir. Amelsizlik veya b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnahta \u0131srar iman\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcyle yok edip ki\u015fiyi k\u00fcfre s\u00fcr\u00fckleyebilir. O zaman iman gider; geriye sadece ki\u015finin \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 (M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) kal\u0131r. Yani imkans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 onu dinden etmez. Can\u0131n ve mal\u0131n dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 devam eder. Bu bak\u0131mdan iman ile \u0130slam ayr\u0131 \u015feylerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Naslarin_Zahirini_Itibara_Alma\"><strong>Naslar\u0131n Zahirini \u0130tibara Alma<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Selefiyye\u2019ye g\u00f6re Allah\u2019\u0131n zat\u0131na ve t\u00fcm s\u0131fatlar\u0131na Kuran ve hadislerde haber verildi\u011fi \u00fczere inanmak gerekir. <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mutesabih\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mutesabih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">M\u00fcte\u015fabih <\/a>ayetleri ve haberi s\u0131fatlar\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tevil\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tevil\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tevil <\/a>caiz de\u011fildir. Yorum yapmaks\u0131z\u0131n bu t\u00fcr naslar\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi kabul etmek laz\u0131md\u0131r. Allah\u2019\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/istiva\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/istiva\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">istivas\u0131<\/a>, eli, y\u00fcz\u00fc gibi s\u0131fatlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarken yorumdan ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131 nedeniyle, bir k\u0131s\u0131m selefi \u00e2lim, Allah\u2019\u0131 ve O\u2019nun s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 mahlukata benzetme, onlar\u0131 sanki cisimle\u015ftirme anlam\u0131ndaki <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tesbih--edebiyat\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tesbih--edebiyat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">te\u015fbih <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tecsim\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tecsim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tecsim <\/a>durumuna d\u00fc\u015fmekten kurtulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O\u2019nun zat\u0131na asla uygun olmayan be\u015fer\u00ee s\u0131fatlar\u0131 \u201cl\u00fczumsuzca ve kabaca\u201d Allah\u2019a yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/mutezile-mezhebi\/\" title=\"Mutezile Mezhebi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mutezile<\/a>\u2019den ve <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ehl-i-rey\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/ehl-i-rey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ehl-i Rey<\/a>\u2019den \u00e2limler, karalay\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck olan <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/haseviyye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/haseviyye\">Ha\u015feviyye <\/a>ismini Selefiyye i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"el-Vera_vel-Bera_Prensibi\"><strong>el-Vera ve\u2019l-Bera Prensibi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sorularlaislamiyet.com\/vela-ve-bera-nedir\" title=\"https:\/\/sorularlaislamiyet.com\/vela-ve-bera-nedir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">El-Ver\u00e2<\/a>, yani m\u00fcminleri dost edinmek, ve <a href=\"https:\/\/sorularlaislamiyet.com\/vela-ve-bera-nedir\" title=\"https:\/\/sorularlaislamiyet.com\/vela-ve-bera-nedir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">el-ber\u00e2<\/a>, yani imans\u0131zlardan uzakla\u015fmak ve onlara d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k g\u00f6stermek akidevi esaslar\u0131n en m\u00fchimleridir. Siyasi, kelami mezhepler, tarikatlar gibi <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/bidat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/bidat\">bid\u2019at <\/a>odaklar\u0131ndan ve onlar\u0131n fesatlar\u0131ndan el-vel\u00e2 ve\u2019l-ber\u00e2 prensibi icab\u0131 sak\u0131nmak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nasihat ve ik\u00e2z\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra onlarla her sahada m\u00fccadele etmek asli g\u00f6revlerdendir. Dini deliller olan kitap, s\u00fcnnet, sahabe s\u00f6z\u00fc ve amel\u00ee, her h\u00e2l\u00fck\u00e2rda, ancak mecburiyet durumunda ba\u015fvurulacak akl\u0131 delillerden \u00f6nce gelir. \u015eer\u2019i delilleri idrak edemeyecek durumda olanlar\u0131n mezhebi yoktur. Y\u00f6neticilere m\u00fcmin kald\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece itaat vaciptir. <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/fasik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/fasik\">F\u00e2s\u0131k <\/a>kimseler olsalar dahi onlar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda namaz k\u0131lmay\u0131 terk etmek caiz olmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Rey_Karsitligi\"><strong>Rey Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kur\u2019an ve hadis metinlerini esas ald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in rey ve k\u0131yasa kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmakta, bu akli delilleri kulland\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in Ehl-i Rey\u2019i \u201cS\u00fcnnet d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131\u201d olmakla su\u00e7lamaktalar. Kendilerine \u201c\u015feriat\u0131n koruyucular\u0131 ve bid\u2019atlar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131\u201d olarak \u00f6zel bir misyon atfetmekteydiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcm bu y\u00f6nleriyle Ehl-i Hadis-Selefiyye hatt\u0131, \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi i\u00e7erisinde muhafazak\u00e2r bir kanad\u0131 temsil etti. Ak\u0131l kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 metinci literalizmi, dar kal\u0131plar i\u00e7inde kalan fikri yap\u0131s\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131 tavr\u0131 nedeniyle Ehl-i Rey\u2019e k\u0131yasla zaman i\u00e7inde fazla bir ilerleme kaydeden edemedi, geni\u015f kitlelere hitap edemedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selefiyye \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde yeniden parlayan isim ku\u015fkusuz Takiyy\u00fcdd\u00een \u0130bn Teymiyye\u2019dir (\u00f6.728\/1328). O donukla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ekol\u00fc canland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, girmi\u015f oldu\u011fu polemikler ile Selefiyye\u2019yi \u00e2limlerin ve halk\u0131n g\u00fcndemine yeniden sokmu\u015f, pop\u00fcler hale getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130bn Teymiyye Mo\u011fol i\u015fgali nedeniyle \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O bu i\u015fgale direnenler aras\u0131ndayd\u0131 ve i\u015fgalcilere kar\u015f\u0131 fiili olarak bizzat sava\u015ft\u0131. Mo\u011follar h\u00e2kimiyet kurduklar\u0131 alanlarda s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 kabul etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmamalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u015fer\u2019i kanunlar yerine <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turktoyu.com\/cengiz-yasalari-nda-bir-garip-yasa\" title=\"https:\/\/www.turktoyu.com\/cengiz-yasalari-nda-bir-garip-yasa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cengiz Yasas\u0131<\/a>\u2019n\u0131 uygulamay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeleri nedeniyle \u0130bn Teymiyye bu durumun k\u00fcf\u00fcr oldu\u011fu neticesine vararak Mo\u011follara kar\u015f\u0131 cihad\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fi fetvas\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Onun Tatar ve Mardin fetvalar\u0131 olarak tarihe ge\u00e7en bu t\u00fcrden g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki halk\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerdeki gayr-\u0131 \u015fer\u2019i rejimlere kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fcten selefi \u00f6rg\u00fctler i\u00e7in bir ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Selefiyyenin_Asiri_Bir_Tezahuru_Olarak_Vehhabilik_Akimi\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Selefiyye\u2019nin A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Bir Tezah\u00fcr\u00fc Olarak Vehhabilik Ak\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-2-1024x619.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1972\" width=\"348\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-2-1024x619.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-2-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-2-768x464.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-2-1536x928.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-2.jpg 1587w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 348px) 100vw, 348px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Selefiyye 12\/18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Muhammed b. Abd\u00fclvehhab (\u00f6.1206\/1792)ile birlikte yeni bir d\u00f6nemece girdi ve Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n merkezindeki Necd b\u00f6lgesinde <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muhammed-b-abdulvehhab\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/muhammed-b-abdulvehhab\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vehh\u00e2biyye <\/a>ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yeniden g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fekilde seslendirildi. \u0130bn Abd\u00fclvehhab ile gelen yenilik, Selefili\u011fin siyasalla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Suudi devleti nezdinde bir devlet mezhebine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vehhabili\u011fi, Selefiyye b\u00fcnyesindeki bir \u201cu\u00e7lanma\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirebiliriz. Bu u\u00e7lanman\u0131n tezah\u00fcrleri ise, tekfir unsurunun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve bu yolla d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kesimlere y\u00f6neltilen \u015fiddettir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Neticede \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz: Vehhabili\u011fi ayr\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir mezhep olarak taktim etmek yerine, Selefili\u011fin birtak\u0131m a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar e\u015fli\u011finde Suudilerin siyasi himayesi alt\u0131nda yeniden sunumu olarak anlamak tarihi a\u00e7\u0131dan daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ve bilimsel olarak daha do\u011fru bir de\u011ferlendirme olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u015funu da biliyoruz ki Vehhabilik ad\u0131 tamamen muhalifleri taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan bir isimdir. Tarihte ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu ak\u0131m\u0131n mensuplar\u0131 daima kendilerini Selefiyye yahut Ehl-i Hadis olarak isimlendirirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Vehhabilik_Dusuncesi\"><strong>Vehhabilik D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tevhid\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tevhid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tevhid <\/a>inanc\u0131 \u0130bn Abd\u00fclvehhab\u2019a g\u00f6re mutlaka amellerde yans\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130man ile amel bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ger\u00e7ek tevhidin kalplere yerle\u015fmesi, <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sirk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sirk\">\u015firk <\/a>ve bid\u2019at\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitleriyle g\u00f6n\u00fcllerden ve cemiyetten izalesi i\u00e7in \u201ciyili\u011fi emretme ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yasaklama\u201d prensibinin i\u015fletilmesini l\u00fczumlu g\u00f6ren \u0130bn Abd\u00fclvehhab, bunu \u00e2lim, adil, otorite ve g\u00fc\u00e7 sahibi bir y\u00f6neticinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131na ba\u011flar. E\u011fer insanlar hala \u015firk ve bid\u2019atlerden vazge\u00e7miyorsa, imam\u0131n izni ve sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuvvetlerle, gerekirse sava\u015f\u0131larak k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn giderilmesine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00f6z konusu anlay\u0131\u015f do\u011frultusunda Vehhabiler, cihat ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne, Hicaz H\u00fck\u00fcmetine, \u015eiilere ve di\u011fer rakiplerine kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015flerdi. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 tekfir ederek canlar\u0131n\u0131 ve mallar\u0131n\u0131 helal saymalar\u0131 nedeniyle Haricilik ile vasfedilmi\u015fler, t\u00fcrbe ve kabirleri tahrip etmeleri nedeniyle \u2018mezar y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131lar\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar, f\u0131k\u0131h mezheplerine ba\u011fl\u0131 medreseleri kapatmalar\u0131, tarikat faaliyetlerini yasaklamalar\u0131, k\u00fct\u00fcphanedeki bir\u00e7ok f\u0131k\u0131h ve tasavvuf kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 yakmalar\u0131 nedeniyle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kamuoyunun genel olarak \u00f6fkesini kazanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Vehhabilik_Tarihi\"><strong>Vehhabilik Tarihi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1973\" width=\"212\" height=\"199\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Muhammed b. Abd\u00fclvehhab, yukar\u0131daki fikirleri do\u011frultusunda etraf\u0131nda taraftar toplamas\u0131 ve baz\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 faaliyetleri nedeniyle Uyeyne\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131nca bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Riyad kentine biti\u015fik Dir\u2019iyye kasabas\u0131na gitti ve buran\u0131n reisi olan Muhammed b. Suud\u2019un (\u00f6.1179\/1765) himayesine girdi. Bu iki insan\u0131n aras\u0131nda 1744 y\u0131l\u0131nda siyasi bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re \u0130bn Abd\u00fclvehhab, siyasi lider olarak Muhammed b. Suud\u2019a biat etmekte, \u0130bnSuud da bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130bn Abd\u00fclvehhab\u2019in dini daveti i\u00e7in gerekli siyasi, askeri ve lojistik destek sa\u011flama g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmekteydi. Anla\u015fma meyvelerini verdi ve \u0130bn Abd\u00fclvehhab\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1792 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm Necid topraklar\u0131 Vehhabiler taassubuyla dev\u015firilen askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 sayesinde Suudilerin h\u00e2kimiyetine girdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1803-1805 aras\u0131nda ise Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin elindeki Hicaz \u015fehrini ele ge\u00e7irdiler, Mekke ve Medine ba\u015fta Bak\u00ee kabristan\u0131ndakiler olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok t\u00fcrbe ve mezar\u0131 tahrip ettiler. Suudi-Vehhabi kuvvetleri, Necd \u0130hvan\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen Vehhabiler bir te\u015fkilat\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 askeri kuvvetle 1924-25 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Hicaz \u015fehrini tekrar h\u00e2kimiyetlerine ge\u00e7irdiler. Bu geni\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde 1932 y\u0131l\u0131nda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Suudi Arabistan devleti kuruldu. Vehhabilik ak\u0131m\u0131 da Suudi rejiminin bir nevi resmi mezhebi olarak stat\u00fc kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Vehhabiligin_Etkisi\"><strong>Vehhabili\u011fin Etkisi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam aleminde Fas\u2019tan Endonezya\u2019ya kadar kuvvetli bir r\u00fczg\u00e2r estiren Selefi-Vehhabi ak\u0131m T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki tesiri, di\u011fer \u00fclkelere k\u0131yasla olduk\u00e7a dar bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu durumun sebeplerinden birisi, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son d\u00f6nem resmi tarikat\u0131 sayabilece\u011fimiz Nak\u015fili\u011fin g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu fonksiyondur. Daha \u00e7ok Halid el-Ba\u011fda\u011fdi\u2019den gelen koluyla Anadolu\u2019da, Balkanlarda ve Kafkasya\u2019da yap\u0131lanan bu Halidiyye Nak\u015fili\u011fi\u2019nin en belirgin \u00f6zelliklerinden birisi, Tasavvufi terbiyenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra medrese e\u011fitimine verdi\u011fi \u00f6nemdir. Bu medrese gelene\u011fi, etkin oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6re Hanef\u00ee-Maturidi ya da \u015eafi\u00ee-E\u015f\u2019ari bir e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim m\u00fcfredat\u0131 \u00fczerinden gitmi\u015f, hem akaid hem f\u0131k\u0131h hem de tasavvuf zemininde Selefi fikir ve pratiklere yol vermeyen bir karakterde kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki halk M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yorumlardan uzak, orta yollu, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc, birlikte ya\u015fama k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ve tecr\u00fcbesine sahip karakteri, s\u00f6z konusu Selefi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin taban bulmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131ran bir di\u011fer fakt\u00f6r olarak kayda de\u011fer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Suudi_Selefiyye_ve_Cihadi_Selefiyye_Ayrimi\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Suudi Selefiyye ve Cihadi Selefiyye Ayr\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Suudi Selefiyye\u2019nin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki temsilcileri, Hey\u2019et\u00fc Kib\u00e2ri\u2019l Ulem\u00e2 (B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c2limler Heyeti), <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/rabitatul-alemil-islami\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/rabitatul-alemil-islami\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">R\u00e2b\u0131tat\u00fc\u2019l-\u00c2lemi\u2019l-\u0130slam\u00ee<\/a>, \u0130d\u00e2ret\u00fc\u2019l-Buh\u00fbs gibi Suudi resmi dini kurumlar\u0131yla ya da \u00fclkemizde dini tahsil veren fak\u00fcltelerle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan \u00e2limler ve onlar\u0131n \u00e7evreleridir. Bu e\u011filimin en \u015f\u00f6hretli isimleri olan Medine \u0130slam \u00dcniversitesi kurucu rekt\u00f6r\u00fc ve eski ba\u015f m\u00fcft\u00fc Abd\u00fclaziz b. B\u00e2z (1912-1999), N\u00e2s\u0131r\u00fcddin el-Elban\u00ee (1914-1999), Muhammed \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l Useymin (1929-2001), Abd\u00fclaziz \u00c2l\u00fc\u2019\u015f-\u015eeyh (1939), Salih el-Fevzan, Rebi\u2019 el-Medhali, Ubeyd b. Cabiri gibi isimlerin fetvalar\u0131 ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 eserleri \u00fczerinden bu ak\u0131m\u0131n Cihadilerden farkl\u0131la\u015fan belirgin y\u00f6nlerini tesbit etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00fcheyman el-Uteyb\u00ee (1936-1980) ve kendilerine \u0130hvan ismini veren cemaatinin 1979 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki kanl\u0131 Mescidi Haram bask\u0131n\u0131, mesih\u00e7i-mehdici unsurlar\u0131n e\u015flik etti\u011fi ve Vehhabi-Selefi fikriyat\u0131 zemininde kendisini ifade eden rejim kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir protesto eylemi olarak kurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1744 \u00e2lim-emir ittifak\u0131n\u0131n ruhunda Suudi rejiminin uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen C\u00fcheyman, Suudi y\u00f6neticilerini, k\u00e2firlerle dostluk kurmakla, \u00fclkenin servetini yabanc\u0131lara pe\u015fke\u015f \u00e7ekmekle, kutsal topraklar\u0131 onlar\u0131n asker ve b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131na a\u00e7makla, Arabistan\u2019da m\u00fc\u015frik ve k\u00e2firlere kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gereken cihad\u0131 engellemekle su\u00e7lamaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1970 ve 1980\u2019li y\u0131llar Selefilik\u2019te derinden ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelere tan\u0131k olmu\u015ftur. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te beliren yeni bir dini s\u00f6ylemde geleneksel Vehhabili\u011fin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 azalacak, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130slami tonlar ise fazlala\u015facakt\u0131r. Abd\u00fclaziz \u0130bnB\u00e2z ve \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Useymin tipi gelenekselci alimlerden farkl\u0131, N\u00e2sr el-\u00d6mer, Aziz el-Karn\u00ee, \u0130brahim ed-Devi\u015f, Muhammed b. Said el-Kahtani gibi isimlerden olu\u015fan ve kendilerine \u015euy\u00fbh\u00fc\u2019s-sahve (uyan\u0131\u015f \u00e2limleri) denilen yeni bir selefi ulema neslinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu s\u00fcreci belirginle\u015ftirmektedir. Selman el-Avde ve Sefer el-Hav\u00e2l\u00ee ise s\u00f6z konusu yeni neslin en \u00f6nde gelen simalar\u0131 olarak hat\u0131rlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%B6rfez_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%B6rfez_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1\">1991 K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131<\/a>\u2019nda Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n ABD\u2019nin yan\u0131nda duru\u015fu ve Amerikal\u0131 askeri personelin \u00fclkede konu\u015flanmas\u0131na ve \u00fcs a\u00e7mas\u0131na kraliyet h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin izin veri\u015fi yine bu \u00e7evrelerde b\u00fcy\u00fck tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Suudi y\u00f6netimi dini me\u015fruiyetini yitiriyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avde ve Hav\u00e2l\u00ee\u2019nin 1991 ve 1992\u2019 de biri Kral Fahd\u2019a (1921-2005) di\u011feri ba\u015f m\u00fcft\u00fc \u0130bnB\u00e2z\u2019a yazd\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k mektuplar bu durumu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. 1991 K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n ABD yan\u0131ndaki duru\u015funa, sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda da buna paralel geli\u015ftirilen i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f politikalara y\u00f6neltilen sert tenkitler al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k bir \u00fcslupla dile getirilmekteydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha fazla konu\u015fma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve y\u00f6netime kat\u0131l\u0131m hakk\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7eren bir dizi reform talebinin seslendirildi\u011fi mektuplarda, Suudi y\u00f6netiminden hayat\u0131n t\u00fcm alanlar\u0131nda \u015fer\u2019i kanunlara d\u00f6nmesi, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin icraatlar\u0131n\u0131 uleman\u0131n denetimine a\u00e7mas\u0131, e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcfredatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130slamile\u015ftirmesi, medyaya kar\u015f\u0131 dini bir sans\u00fcr sisteminin geli\u015ftirilmesi, ba\u015fta <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/yahudilik-tarihi\/\" title=\"Yahudilik Tarihi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Yahudiler <\/a>olmak \u00fczere din d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131yla sava\u015f ve mazlum M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara yard\u0131m i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ordu tesis etmesini istemekteydi. \u0130bn B\u00e2z\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n en \u00fcst dini kurumu B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c2limler Heyeti, Avde ve Hav\u00e2l\u00ee\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini zararl\u0131 buldu\u011funu belirterek bu faaliyetleri fitne olarak de\u011ferlendirdi. Bu fetva neticesinde ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en \u00e2limlerin g\u00f6revlerine son verildi, kitaplar\u0131 toplat\u0131ld\u0131. Eyl\u00fcl 1994\u2019te tutukland\u0131lar ve 1999\u2019a kadar yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f y\u0131l hapis yatt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fm\u00fcft\u00fc \u0130bn B\u00e2z\u2019a birinci K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Hav\u00e2l\u00ee\u2019nin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun mektup kitap olarak \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hav\u00e2l\u00ee kitab\u0131n\u0131n sonunda iki farkl\u0131 devlet bi\u00e7imi sunarak Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n bunlardan birini tercih etme durumunda oldu\u011funu belirtir. Bunlardan birisi \u201cinan\u00e7 devleti\u201ddir ki amac\u0131 cihat etmek, iyili\u011fi emretmek, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc menetmektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011feri ise \u201crefah devleti\u201ddir. D\u00fcnyal\u0131k arzulara ula\u015fmak bu devletin gayesi, Bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fmak ise bu gayenin vas\u0131tas\u0131d\u0131r. Yine benzer tezleri tekrarlayarak, \u00fclkede askeri \u00fcsler kuran yabanc\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin Suudi Arabistan\u2019daki kutsal topraklar\u0131 i\u015fgal ettiklerini s\u00f6ylemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00f6z konusu \u201ci\u015fgal\u201d iddias\u0131 ba\u015fta Usame bin Ladin (1957-1997) olmak \u00fczere \u00fclkedeki \u0130slamc\u0131 muhalefetin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 en ge\u00e7erli arg\u00fcman haline gelecektir. \u00dclke i\u00e7inde yabanc\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fck eylemlerin f\u0131khi gerek\u00e7esi de daha sonra ayn\u0131 arg\u00fcmana dayand\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Suudiler diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z resmi Selefi ulema ile muhalif Selefi Cihadi ak\u0131m aras\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve tutum farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekildedir: Suudiyye: Me\u015fru bir liderin izni ve emriyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmedi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle Filistin, Ke\u015fmir, \u00c7e\u00e7enistan gibi alanlardaki s\u0131cak m\u00fcdahalelere so\u011fuk dururlar. \u00dcmmet silahl\u0131 cihada hen\u00fcz haz\u0131r de\u011fildir. O halde yap\u0131lacak i\u015f, \u015firki terk ederek tevhide sar\u0131lmaya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 davet etmek ve \u0130slam aleminin Selef akidesi \u00fczerinde bulu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Suudiyye\"><strong>Suudiyye<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah i\u015fleyenler kafir saymaz, k\u00fcf\u00fcr ile iman\u0131n bir s\u00fcre bir arada bulunabilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylerler. \u0130bn Teymiyye\u2019de g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u00fcfrd\u00fbnk\u00fcfr (k\u00fcfr\u00fcn a\u015fa\u011f\u0131s\u0131ndaki k\u00fcf\u00fcr), k\u00fcfr l\u00e2 yenqul `ani\u2019l-mille (dinden etmeyen k\u00fcf\u00fcr) gibi yumu\u015fat\u0131c\u0131 kavramlar kullan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Cihadiyye\"><strong>Cih\u00e2diyye<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tekfir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/tekfir\">Tekfir <\/a>noktas\u0131nda daha rahat hareket ederler; yer yer kurumlar\u0131, devletleri, hatta b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcyeleriyle t\u00fcm toplumu tekfir etmeye g\u00f6t\u00fcren \u201ckaybolan \u00fcmmet\u201d, \u201ccahil\u00ee toplum\u201d gibi kavramlar\u0131 \u00e7ok\u00e7a kullan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1974\" width=\"332\" height=\"208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-4.jpg 981w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-4-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-4-768x482.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"el-Kaide_ve_Kuresel_Cihat\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">el-K\u00e2ide ve K\u00fcresel Cihat<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Arap\u00e7ada \u201c\u00fcs\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El-Kaide\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/El-Kaide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">el-K\u00e2ide<\/a>\u2019nin bir te\u015fkilat olarak kurulu\u015fu, <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afganistan_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1_(2001-2021)\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afganistan_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1_(2001-2021)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Afgan Cihad\u0131<\/a>\u2019n\u0131n sona erdi\u011fi 1988 y\u0131l\u0131 ile tarihlenmektedir. Te\u015fkilat\u0131n kurulu\u015f tarihinde mutlaka ismi zikredilen Dr. Abdullah Azzam (1941-1989) Afganistan\u2019a gelmi\u015f g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc m\u00fccahitlere kalacak yer, maddi yard\u0131m ve silahl\u0131 e\u011fitim sa\u011flamaktayd\u0131. Azzam, \u201ccihat kervan\u0131na sen de kat\u0131l\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda Araplar\u0131 s\u0131cak sava\u015fla tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran ki\u015fi olarak tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cihad\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren Afganistan\u2019da bulunan Suudi Arabistanl\u0131 gen\u00e7 i\u015f adam\u0131 Usame bin Ladin, Dr. Azzam\u2019\u0131n vefat\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Arap as\u0131ll\u0131 olan yabanc\u0131 m\u00fccahitlerin sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenen ki\u015fi olmu\u015ftur. <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sovyetler_Birli%C4%9Fi\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sovyetler_Birli%C4%9Fi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SSCB\u2019<\/a>nin \u00e7ekilmesiyle birlikte bu g\u00f6n\u00fcllerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00fclkelerine d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f, di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Bosna, \u00c7e\u00e7enistan, Kosova gibi yeni m\u00fccadele alanlar\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. \u00d6nemli say\u0131da bir kesim ise Afganistan\u2019da kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Afgan Araplar diye an\u0131lacak olan bu toplulu\u011fun \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Usame bin Ladin liderli\u011findeki el-Kaide yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n zeminini te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir. Cihattan sonraki i\u00e7 sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda Afganistan\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kma yollar\u0131 arayan El-Kaide\u2019nin bu giri\u015fimi ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015f, i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131 bitirmek gayesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131karak \u00fclkenin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda kontrol\u00fcne alan <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taliban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taliban\">Taliban<\/a>\u2019la ittifak halinde hareket etmek suretiyle s\u00f6z konusu fetret d\u00f6nemi a\u015f\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taliban\u2019\u0131n 1996\u2019da kurdu\u011fu <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afganistan_%C4%B0slam_Emirli%C4%9Fi_(1996-2001)\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afganistan_%C4%B0slam_Emirli%C4%9Fi_(1996-2001)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Afganistan \u0130slam Emirli\u011fi<\/a>\u2019nde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir korunak bulan el-Kaide, bundan sonra M\u0131s\u0131r kaynakl\u0131 d\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131 ideolojinin de etkisiyle \u201ck\u00fcresel cihat\u201d fikrine y\u00f6nelecektir. Usame bin Ladin\u2019in 1998 tarihli me\u015fhur fetvas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6re, k\u00fcresel cihad\u0131n as\u0131l hedefi ABD, \u0130srail ve m\u00fcttefikleri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u0130slam \u015feriat\u0131n tatbik etmeyen ve \u00f6zellikle Birinci K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda (1990-91) Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerle i\u015fbirli\u011fine giren \u00fclkeler de cihat kapsam\u0131n\u0131n hedefi olacakt\u0131r. 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019den sonra ABD\u2019nin Afganistan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgali ve Taliban y\u00f6netiminin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla beraber b\u00fcy\u00fck darbe yiyen el-Kaide g\u00fc\u00e7leri, Afganistan d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Lider kadrosunun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. Halen \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik yerlerinde kendisini \u00f6rg\u00fcte nisbet eden, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ideolojisini ve sava\u015f y\u00f6ntemini benimseyen b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelere rehberlik etmeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Irak-Sam_Islam_Devleti_ISID\"><strong>Irak-\u015eam \u0130slam Devleti (I\u015e\u0130D)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1976\" width=\"361\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-6.jpg 728w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-6-300x184.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 361px) 100vw, 361px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irak_ve_%C5%9Eam_%C4%B0slam_Devleti\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irak_ve_%C5%9Eam_%C4%B0slam_Devleti\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">I\u015e\u0130D<\/a>\u2019in kurucu lideri say\u0131lan \u00dcrd\u00fcn vatanda\u015f\u0131 Ebu Mus\u2019ab Zerkab\u00ee\u2019nin (1966-2004) bir el-Kaide komutan\u0131 olarak bulundu\u011fu Afganistan\u2019dan, 2003\u2019teki ABD i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 direni\u015fi \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek i\u00e7in kadrosuyla beraber Irak\u2019a intikal etmesi I\u015e\u0130D te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 kabul edilir. Irak el-K\u00e2idesi ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle \u015eiilere ve kendisiyle hareket etmeyen di\u011fer S\u00fcnni direni\u015f \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine ve a\u015firetlere kar\u015f\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddet ve onlar\u0131n camii ve t\u00fcrbelerine d\u00fczenledi\u011fi sald\u0131r\u0131lar, bu tavr\u0131n do\u011fru bir strateji olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen el-Kaide lideri Zev\u00e2hiri taraf\u0131ndan ele\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u015fanan sorunlar, 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin hemen \u00f6ncesinde Zerkab\u00ee\u2019nin Irak \u0130slam Devleti\u2019ni kurdu\u011funu ilan etmesiyle daha karma\u015f\u0131k hale gelmi\u015ftir. \u201cTam anlam\u0131yla ba\u015far\u0131 elde etmeden \u00f6nce bir devlet olu\u015fturma konusu her ne kadar iyi bir yans\u0131ma olarak g\u00f6z\u00fckse de, asl\u0131nda bu, direni\u015fin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir\u201d mesaj\u0131 veren Usame bin Ladin, sanki ya\u015fanacak geli\u015fmeleri ilk ba\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcr gibidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Suriye\u2019de Esed rejimine kar\u015f\u0131 2011\u2019de ba\u015flat\u0131lan isyan nedeniyle Irak \u0130slam Devleti b\u00fcnyesindeki Suriyelilerin kendi \u00fclkelerine ge\u00e7erek Nusret Cephesi\u2019ni kurmalar\u0131, konumuz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan di\u011fer \u00f6nemli bir a\u015famad\u0131r. Irak \u0130slam Devleti\u2019nin komuta ve milliyet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 Suriye\u2019ye kayd\u0131rmas\u0131, \u00f6nemli hacimde bir silahl\u0131 g\u00fcce ula\u015fmas\u0131 ve ismini Suriye\u2019yi de kapsayacak bi\u00e7imde Irak \u015eam \u0130slam Devleti\u2019ne \u00e7evirmesi, Nusret cephesi ile I\u015e\u0130D aras\u0131nda ciddi bir ihtilaf\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>el-Kaide merkezinin halen kendisine ba\u011fl\u0131 bu iki yap\u0131y\u0131 birisini Irak di\u011ferini de Suriye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde sava\u015fmaya ve birbirine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak iki ayr\u0131 liderlik alt\u0131nda m\u00fccadeleyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmas\u0131 I\u015e\u0130D (Irak) taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmedi. 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n akabinde emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin \u00e7izmi\u015f olduklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlara mahk\u00fbm olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan I\u015e\u0130D lideri Ebubekir el-Ba\u011fda\u011fdi (1971-2019), b\u00f6ylece el-Kaide\u2019den ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmi\u015f oluyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u015e\u0130D\u2019in,Esed kuvvetleriyle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmak yerine Nusret Cephesi olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer muhalefet g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin ellerindeki kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sahalar\u0131 devralarak h\u00e2kimiyet alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmesi dikkate de\u011fer bir stratejinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcyd\u00fc. Di\u011fer \u0130slamc\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te I\u015e\u0130D\u2019den b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar g\u00f6rd\u00fcler. Hem Irak\u2019ta hem de Suriye\u2019de el-K\u00e2ideciler de dahil rakip \u0130slamc\u0131 kuvvetlerin \u00f6nemli isimlerini ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131 ve katletti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u015e\u0130D 29 Haziran 2014\u2019te ismini \u0130slam Devleti olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini ve bunun k\u00fcresel anlamda \u0130slam hilafetinin yeniden tesisi anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini d\u00fcnyaya duyurdu. I\u015e\u0130D\u2019in lideri Ba\u011fdadi 2014 Ramazan\u2019\u0131n\u0131n ilk cumas\u0131nda Musul Ulu Camiinde\u201c M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n halifesi\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131yla okudu\u011fu hutbesinde bu durumu bir kez daha ilan etti. D\u00fcnyadaki t\u00fcm \u0130slami cemaat, grup, cihat te\u015fkilat\u0131 ve hay\u0131r kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n derhal hilafete biatlerini sunmalar\u0131n\u0131 istedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Suudilik_ve_Cihadilik_Arasinda_Yeni_Bir_Durus_Olarak_Siyasi_Selefilik\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Suudilik ve Cihadilik Aras\u0131nda Yeni Bir Duru\u015f Olarak Siyasi Selefilik<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eimdiye kadar izlenilmi\u015f metodun yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususundaki \u00f6zele\u015ftiri ve itiraflar, <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arap_Bahar%C4%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arap_Bahar%C4%B1\">Arap Bahar\u0131<\/a> s\u00fcrecinde g\u00f6zlemlenen de\u011fi\u015fik selefi tav\u0131rlar, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bilhassa M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da bir kesim Selefiyye\u2019nin siyasi parti \u015feklinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve serbest se\u00e7imlerde ciddi oy deste\u011fi elde etmesi t\u00fcr\u00fcnden geli\u015fmeler, \u201ccihad\u0131n\u201d yasal ortamlarda sivil siyasetin \u00e7e\u015fitli vas\u0131talar\u0131yla m\u0131 yoksa illegal ya da milliyet\u00e7i y\u00f6ntemlerle mi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclece\u011fi hususunda ilkesel bir ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Cihad\u0131 Selefiyye b\u00fcnyesine art\u0131k \u00e7ok bariz hale geldi\u011fini bize g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Siyasal Selefili\u011fi, Suudi ve Cihadi e\u011filimlerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ele almak sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirme olmayacakt\u0131r. Zira her iki e\u011filim de kendi i\u00e7erisinden kendi siyasal\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Sahve_Kokenli_Siyasallasma\"><strong>Sahve K\u00f6kenli Siyasalla\u015fma<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yaz\u0131 ve konu\u015fmalar\u0131yla selefileri ilk defa y\u00fcreklendiren \u015fah\u0131s M\u0131s\u0131r as\u0131ll\u0131 Selefi \u015feyh Abdurrahman Abd\u00fclh\u00e2l\u0131k\u2019t\u0131r. Suudi \u00e7evrelerce \u015fiddetli ele\u015ftirilmi\u015f, bidat\u00e7i olmakla su\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Cihadi_Kokenli_Siyasallasma\"><strong>Cihadi K\u00f6kenli Siyasalla\u015fma<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Muas\u0131r Selefiyye i\u00e7indeki ikinci politik \u00e7izgi, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte tedhi\u015f\u00e7i cihadi faaliyetler y\u00fcr\u00fcten fakat 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ideolojik de\u011fi\u015fimlerle \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 bir noktaya gelen \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Partile\u015fmeden \u00f6nceki ilk a\u015fama ter\u00f6r y\u00f6ntemlerinin b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r\u00fcn dini-siyasi gerek\u00e7elerle kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131nanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bir sonraki a\u015fama 2011 Ocak devriminin hemen sonras\u0131na ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n h\u0131zla partile\u015fmeye giderek se\u00e7imlere kat\u0131lmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Suudi_Kokenli_Siyasallasma\"><strong>Suudi K\u00f6kenli Siyasalla\u015fma<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve as\u0131l \u00f6nemli siyasalla\u015fma hareketi, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da Suudi Selefi fikriyata yak\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C4%B0skenderiye\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C4%B0skenderiye\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0130skenderiye <\/a>merkezli Selefi Davet cemaati b\u00fcnyesinde \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve M\u0131s\u0131r siyasetinde \u00f6nemli bir akt\u00f6r haline gelmi\u015ftir. Geleneksel prensipleri uyar\u0131nca Ocak Devriminin ilk ba\u015f\u0131nda protesto hareketlerinden \u00f6zenle uzak duran Selefi Davet ve \u00f6zellikle Kahire\u2019deki ona yak\u0131n \u00e7evreler ani bir kararla sokaklara inerek devrimciler aras\u0131nda yerlerini alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Devrim ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra bu cemaat taraf\u0131ndan <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/I%C5%9F%C4%B1k_Partisi\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/I%C5%9F%C4%B1k_Partisi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">en-N\u00fbr Partisi<\/a> kuruldu ve ilk genel se\u00e7imlerde y\u00fczde yirmi d\u00f6rtl\u00fck ciddi bir oy oran\u0131 elde etti. Arap bahar\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki geli\u015fmelere benze \u015fekilde Yemen\u2019de, Tunus\u2019ta ve Libya\u2019da selefi partiler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bunlar kendi \u00fclkelerinde bir hayli g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olan \u0130hvan-\u0131 M\u00fcslimin \u00e7izgisindeki siyasi olu\u015fumlar\u0131n dini-politik sahada alternatifleri ve rakipleri olarak boy g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Misir_ve_Pakistandaki_Diger_Buyuk_Selefi_Organizasyonlar\"><strong>M\u0131s\u0131r ve Pakistan\u2019daki Di\u011fer B\u00fcy\u00fck Selefi Organizasyonlar<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ansaralsonna.com\/web\/pageother-659.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"http:\/\/www.ansaralsonna.com\/web\/pageother-659.html\">Ens\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019s-S\u00fcnneti\u2019l-Muhammediyye<\/a> cemaati de 2011 Ocak devrimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda sokak g\u00f6sterilerinde yer alarak ve bunun sonras\u0131nda demokratik se\u00e7imlere kat\u0131larak malum Selefi tavr\u0131 esnetmi\u015f ve M\u0131s\u0131r selefili\u011finin siyasile\u015fmesinde dar \u00e7er\u00e7evede de olsa katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Selefiyyeler_Ayrismasinin_Belirgin_Sonuclari\"><strong>Selefiyyeler Ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n Belirgin Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>2011 ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren ya\u015fanan Arap devrimleri s\u00fcreci, Selefiyye ad\u0131na tarihi bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmi\u015ftir. Demokratik siyasi hak arama vas\u0131talar\u0131n\u0131n kullanmay\u0131 me\u015fru kabul etmeyen Suudi \u00e7izgideki Selefi yap\u0131lar bile devrim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde aktif rol oynam\u0131\u015flar, di\u011fer \u0130slamc\u0131 gruplarla birlikte sokak g\u00f6sterilerine bizzat kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bir sonraki ad\u0131mda ise bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine diktatoryal y\u00f6netimlerden kurtularak demokratik sisteme ge\u00e7en M\u0131s\u0131r, Tunus, Libya, Yemen gibi \u00fclkelerde ayn\u0131 Selefi gruplar kendi siyasi partilerin kurmu\u015flar ve serbest se\u00e7imlere kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Medrese_Gelenekciligi\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Medrese Gelenek\u00e7ili\u011fi<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Medrese gelene\u011fine yakla\u015fan olu\u015fumlar\u0131n en tipik \u00f6rne\u011fi Hint alt k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n Diyobendiyye Cemaatidir. K\u00f6kl\u00fc bir organizasyon olu\u015fu ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nedeniyle bu cemaat \u0130slam alemindeki medrese olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131n ideal bir modeli haline gelmi\u015ftir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Diyobendiyye\"><strong>Diyobendiyye<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Islahatcilik-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1959\" width=\"307\" height=\"160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Islahatcilik-3.jpg 771w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Islahatcilik-3-300x156.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Islahatcilik-3-768x398.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 307px) 100vw, 307px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>1857\u2019deki Sipahi Ayaklanmas\u0131yla \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrge y\u00f6netimine ba\u015fkald\u0131ran ancak a\u011f\u0131r ve maliyetli bir ma\u011flubiyetle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun yeniden aya\u011fa kalkmas\u0131 \u00e2limlere g\u00f6re ancak geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 bir e\u011fitim seferberli\u011fi ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc. Diyobend\u2019deki ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en e\u011fitim kurumu etraf\u0131nda olu\u015fan bu hizmet hareketi, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00f6rnek al\u0131nan bir cemaati do\u011furmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hint alt k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer k\u00f6kl\u00fc cemaatlerinin benzer \u015fekilde, Diyobendiyye\u2019nin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce k\u00f6kenlerine inildi\u011finde me\u015fhur \u0131slahat\u00e7\u0131 alim <a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sah-veliyyullah\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sah-veliyyullah\">\u015eah Veliyyullah Dihlevi<\/a>\u2019nin (\u00f6.1176\/1762) belirgin izleri g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar. \u015eah Veliyyullah, bir yandan sahih akaid ve f\u0131k\u0131h kontrol\u00fcnde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klardan uzak bir tasavvuf anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 savunan ve di\u011fer yandan da hadis-i \u015ferifler temelinde ama mezhep birikimine sahip bir f\u0131k\u0131h sistemine dayanan Diyobendiyye cemaatinin esinlendi\u011fi en \u00f6nemli kaynak olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hanefi mezhebine s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 olan bu cemaat, bu karakterini medrese m\u00fcfredat\u0131na yo\u011fun olarak yans\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hadis disiplini bu programda en \u00f6nemli ve itibarl\u0131 alan haline getirilmi\u015f, hadis dersi m\u00fcfredat\u0131 ise K\u00fct\u00fcb-i Sitte\u2019yi de i\u00e7ine alacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir. \u015eeyhu\u2019l-hadis unvan\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131yan hadis m\u00fcderrisi, medresenin en \u00fcst d\u00fczeydeki \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Hadisten sonra gelen uzmanl\u0131k alan\u0131 ise f\u0131k\u0131ht\u0131r. Selefi e\u011fitim m\u00fcesseselerinde tamam\u0131yla hadisler \u00fczerinden i\u015flenen f\u0131k\u0131h, Diyobendiyye medreselerinde Hanefi mezhebi esas al\u0131narak i\u015flenir. Diyobendiyye, en ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren mezhep taklidini esas alan f\u0131k\u0131h anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla Hint \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Ehl-i Hadis cemaatinden ve Ehl-i Kur\u2019an gibi modernist hareketlerden farkl\u0131 bir kulvarda kendini geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diyobendiyye medreselerinde kelam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde E\u015fariyye mezhebinin \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu tercih Sel\u00e7uklular d\u00f6nemindeki nizamiye medresesine kadar geriye giden medrese gelene\u011finin k\u00f6kleriyle alakal\u0131 bir durumdur ve geleneksel ders m\u00fcfredat\u0131n\u0131n bel kemi\u011fini olu\u015fturan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/kis-aylarinda-istanbulda-yapilabilecek-4-aktivite\/\" title=\"\u0130mam Gazali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gazali <\/a>(\u00f6.505\/1111), Seyyid \u015eerif C\u00fcrcani (\u00f6.816\/1413) ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/sadeddin-teftazani\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Sadeddin Teftazani\">Taftazani <\/a>(\u00f6.792\/1390) gibi E\u015f\u2019ariyye \u00e2limlerinin ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi bir sonu\u00e7tur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00fcl\u00fbkta genellikle Nak\u015fibendi yolunun tercih edildi\u011fi Diyobend medreselerinde hocalarla talebeler aras\u0131nda ayn\u0131 zamanda m\u00fcr\u015fid-m\u00fcrid ili\u015fkisi s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan alim ayn\u0131 zamanda \u015feyh makam\u0131ndad\u0131r. M\u00fcr\u015fidin as\u0131l g\u00f6revi m\u00fcridlerinin manevi geli\u015fimini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r, yoksa Allah ile kul aras\u0131nda arac\u0131l\u0131k (tevell\u00fcs) de\u011fildir. Diyobendilik manevi yolda ilerleyen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman i\u00e7in en ideal \u00f6rne\u011fin Hz. Peygamber (as) oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finden hareketle onun sireti ve s\u00fcnnetinin rehberli\u011fini \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f, tarikat gelenek\u00e7ili\u011finde g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015feyhe odakl\u0131 taklit anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmi\u015ftir. Diyobend medreseleri \u0130slam alemindeki di\u011fer benzeri olu\u015fumlar gibi kurumun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 vak\u0131flar yoluyla halk\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcn Pakistan, Hindistan, Banglade\u015f ve Afganistan\u2019da Diyobend medreselerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n on binlere ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir. Diyobendiyye cemaati siyasal faaliyetlerden geri kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 hilafetinin tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin ayakta kalma davas\u0131n\u0131 her alanda savunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketi s\u0131ras\u0131nda Gandi (1869-1948) ve Mehdi\u2019nin destekledi\u011fi \u201cbirle\u015fik Hindistan\u201d idealine sad\u0131k kalan cemiyet, Pakistan\u2019\u0131n ayr\u0131 bir devlet olarak kurulu\u015funa muhalefet etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pakistan\u2019\u0131n ay\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra bu \u00fclkede kalan Diyobendi ulema, 1945 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130slam Ulema Cemiyeti\u2019ni kurmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Pakistan siyasetinde \u00e7ok aktif olan bu hareket, baz\u0131 i\u00e7 ihtilaflardan dolay\u0131 farkl\u0131 kollar halinde faaliyet g\u00f6stermektedir. Bunlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fckleri olan Mevl\u00e2na Fazlurrahman\u2019\u0131n gurubu ile Mevl\u00e2na Semiu\u2019l-hakk\u2019\u0131n gurubu Diyobendiyye k\u00f6kenli olmakla birlikte zaman i\u00e7inde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hale gelmi\u015f fakat medrese gelene\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde devam ettiren di\u011fer \u00f6nemli hareket ve te\u015fkilatlara burada ayr\u0131ca de\u011finmemiz gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Meclis-i_Tahaffuz-i_Hatm-i_Nubuvvet\"><strong>Meclis-i Tahaffuz-i Hatm-i N\u00fcb\u00fcvvet<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Son Peygamber \u0130nanc\u0131n\u0131 Koruma Meclisi. Hareketin ismine de yans\u0131yan as\u0131l ana hedef ise, Hz. Muhammed\u2019in son peygamber olu\u015fu inanc\u0131n\u0131 mu\u011flak hale getirerek <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mirza_Gul%C3%A2m_Ahmed\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mirza_Gul%C3%A2m_Ahmed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mirza Gulam Ahmet<\/a>\u2019in (1835-1908) mehdi, mesih ve nebili\u011fini iddia eden Ahmediyye (<a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kadiyanilik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kadiyanilik\">K\u00e2d\u0131y\u00e2niyye<\/a>) mezhebine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctmektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Sipah-i_Sahabe_Sahabe_Muhafizlari\"><strong>Sip\u00e2h-i Sah\u00e2be (Sahabe Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir gurup Diyobendi molla taraf\u0131ndan Pakistan\u2019da kurulan Sip\u00e2h-i Sah\u00e2be<a name=\"_ftnref143\" href=\"#_ftn143\">[143]<\/a>, \u0130ran \u0130slam Devleti\u2019nin<a name=\"_ftnref144\" href=\"#_ftn144\">[144]<\/a> akabinde Hint-\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcc\u00fc gittik\u00e7e artan \u015eii faaliyetlere tepki olarak do\u011fdu. \u015eiilerin ba\u015fta ilk \u00fc\u00e7 halife ile Hz. Ai\u015fe ve Muaviye olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok sahabiye itikadi zemindeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131, Sip\u00e2h-i Sah\u00e2be isminin arkas\u0131ndaki belirleyici motiftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Te\u015fkilat\u0131n ana hedefi Pakistan\u2019\u0131n bir S\u00fcnni devlet olarak anayasal stat\u00fcye kavu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eiilerin gayrim\u00fcslim olarak tan\u0131yan Sip\u00e2h-i Sah\u00e2be, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve siyasi faaliyetlerini t\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u015eia mezhebi kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131na odaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Taliban_Hareketi\"><strong>Taliban Hareketi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1975\" width=\"358\" height=\"192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-5.jpg 634w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-5-300x161.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Talebe, \u00f6\u011frenci anlam\u0131ndaki talib kelimesinin \u00e7o\u011fulu olan t\u00e2lib\u00e2n, Afganistan ve Pakistan\u2019daki geleneksel Diyobendiyye medreselerinde kendilerine molla ya da Mevlevi diyen hocalar nezaretinde ilimler okuyan \u00f6\u011frencilere verilen bir isimdir. Molla ve talebelerden olu\u015fan medrese, Afganistan\u2019da 1839-42 ve 1878-80 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki \u0130ngilizlere kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen istikbal m\u00fccadelesinde \u00f6nemli roller oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1979 Sovyet i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lan cihat s\u00fcrecinde de ayn\u0131 rol tekrarlanm\u0131\u015f, hocas\u0131 ve talebesiyle medreseliler \u00e7e\u015fitli m\u00fccahid organizasyonlar\u0131n b\u00fcnyesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck yararl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tipik bir Taliban, Kemiz denilen b\u00f6lgeye \u00f6zg\u00fc bir g\u00f6mlek ile \u015falvar giyer; ba\u015f\u0131na siyah sar\u0131k, aya\u011f\u0131nda sandalet vard\u0131r; genellikle askeri bir r\u00fctbesi bulunmaz. \u0130\u015fgalci Sovyet kuvvetlerini 1988\u2019 de geri \u00e7ekilmeye mecbur b\u0131rakan Afgan m\u00fccahid te\u015fkilatlar\u0131, art\u0131k h\u00fcr olan Afganistan\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6netimini ele ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in kendi aralar\u0131nda sava\u015fa giri\u015ftiler. Taraflar\u0131n birbirine \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flayamamas\u0131 ve daha ba\u015fka harici sebepler sonucunda \u00fclke, i\u015fgal y\u0131llar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha k\u00f6t\u00fc durumlara d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taliban\u2019\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da destans\u0131 rivayet dola\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar aras\u0131nda en muteber rivayete g\u00f6re 1994 bahar\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kandehar\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kandehar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kandehar <\/a>yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki bir kasabadan iki gen\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131n bir komutan taraf\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n akabinde ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yeti \u00fczerine oradaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir Diyobend medresesinin hocas\u0131 olan molla Muhammed \u00d6mer\u2019in (1960-1913) otuz kadar talebesiyle harekete ge\u00e7mesi, Taliban\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu\u015funu sa\u011flayan olay olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taliban\u2019a y\u00fckl\u00fc silah yard\u0131m\u0131nda bulunan Pakistan\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ilk ba\u015flarda ABD\u2019nin de, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Afganistan \u00fczerine gittik\u00e7e artan g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u015eia muhalifi Taliban \u00fczerinden dengelemek ve Orta Asya\u2019dan Hint Okyanusuna petrol\u00fcn aktar\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u0130ran alternatifini h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz b\u0131rakacak g\u00fcvenli bir Afganistan-Pakistan hatt\u0131n\u0131 ivedilikle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla Taliban\u2019\u0131n arkas\u0131nda durdu\u011funu burada belirtmek gerekir. \u0130lk ba\u015fta \u00fclkeye bar\u0131\u015f, emniyet ve huzur getirmek i\u00e7in yola \u00e7\u0131kan Taliban hareketinin, s\u00f6z konusu d\u0131\u015f ili\u015fkilerin de zorlamas\u0131yla k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede siyasi bir harekete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Taliban, 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Afganistan \u0130slam Emirli\u011fi ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi bir devlet kurdu\u011funu ilan etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taliban lideri Molla \u00d6mer, kom\u00fcnistlere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fm\u0131\u015f, d\u00f6rt kez yaralanm\u0131\u015f ve g\u00f6zlerinden birini kaybetmi\u015ftir. Asl\u0131nda medrese \u00f6\u011fretiminin \u00fcst seviyelerinden mezun olmak suretiyle molla unvan\u0131n\u0131 tam manas\u0131yla hak edecek ilmi seviyeye hen\u00fcz ula\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ta\u015fra Medresesindeki talebeleriyle birlikte gittikleri bu macera onu M\u00fcminlerin Emiri unvan\u0131yla yeni devletin en tepesine \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Molla \u00d6mer Emiru\u2019l-M\u00fc\u2019minin se\u00e7ilmesi vesilesiyle y\u00fczlerce din adam\u0131n\u0131n onun da Hz. Muhammed\u2019e ait oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenen ve Afganistan\u2019a 259 y\u0131l \u00f6nce getirilerek g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f bir sand\u0131k i\u00e7inde muhafaza edilen h\u0131rkay\u0131 giyerek, makam\u0131n\u0131n manevi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc tescillenmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taliban, Afgan halk\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131 gibi Hanefi mezhebindendir ve bir\u00e7o\u011fu K\u00e2diriyye veya Nak\u015fibendiyye tarikatlar\u0131na m\u00fcntesiptir. Okuduklar\u0131 medreseler Diyobendiyye k\u00f6kenli e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131d\u0131r. Geleneksel Hanefi f\u0131k\u0131h form\u00fclasyonuna s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 olan bu yap\u0131, modern sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde bile kat\u0131 kurallar i\u00e7inde ve literal tarzda bu eski mezhepsel form\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 esas almakta, yeni metotlar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n neticesinde do\u011fan yorumlar\u0131 bid\u2019atyada dalalet olarak de\u011ferlendirmektedir. Taliban\u2019\u0131n zihinde Hanefili\u011fin Diyobendiyye yorumu, kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ve yer yer daha kat\u0131 bir forma evrilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0131z okullar\u0131n\u0131 kapatan Taliban, \u015fehirdeki 70 bin civar\u0131ndaki k\u0131z \u00f6\u011frenciyi okulsuz b\u0131rakt\u0131. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle ba\u015fkentte de\u011fi\u015fik i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak ailelerinin ge\u00e7imlerini sa\u011flayan ve sava\u015fta kocalar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f olan 25 bin kadar dul kad\u0131n bu yasak nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck ma\u011fduriyetler ya\u015fad\u0131. Hastanelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131n doktor ve hem\u015firelerin de i\u015flerini b\u0131rakmas\u0131 nedeniyle sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri ciddi \u015fekilde aksad\u0131. Yanlar\u0131nda mahremleri olmaks\u0131z\u0131n soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 yasaklanan kad\u0131nlara, ayr\u0131ca y\u00fczlerini b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle \u00f6rten burka adl\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye mahsus bir \u00e7ar\u015faf t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc giyme mecburiyeti getirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Erkeklere ise sakallar\u0131n\u0131 kesmeleri veya k\u0131saltmalar\u0131, sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 uzatmalar\u0131 yasakland\u0131. Devlet memuruna sar\u0131k sarma mecburiyeti getirildi. T\u00fcm sinemalar kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Radyo \u015eeriat ad\u0131n\u0131 alan eski Kabil Radyosu\u2019nda m\u00fczik yay\u0131nlar\u0131 durduruldu. Televizyona, video kasetlerine yasak geldi. Yasa\u011f\u0131n i\u015flevsel olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in evlerin tepelerindeki televizyon ve uydu antenleri toplat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130\u00e7erisinde TV izlendi\u011fi tespit edilen evleri elektri\u011fi kolluk kuvvetleri taraf\u0131ndan kesildi. Vitrindeki mankenler, ma\u011faza ve d\u00fckk\u00e2n camlar\u0131ndaki reklam ama\u00e7l\u0131 foto\u011fraf ve posterler kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Eski Kur\u2019an sayfalar\u0131ndan geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fle kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ka\u011f\u0131tlardan elde edilmi\u015f \u015f\u00fcphesiyle tuvalet k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 ve k\u00e2\u011f\u0131ttan mamul \u00e7anta t\u00fcr\u00fc e\u015fyan\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 durduruldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taliban\u2019la birlikte an\u0131lan di\u011fer bir konu uyu\u015fturucu \u00fcretimi ve trafi\u011fi sorunudur. D\u00fcnya ha\u015fha\u015f \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 80\u2019i Afganistan\u2019da yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Taliban bu \u00fcretimin dinen me\u015fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmekle beraber, \u015fiddetli fakirli\u011fin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkede n\u00fcfusun \u00f6nemli bir kesimini ekonomik olarak ayakta tutan ha\u015fha\u015f ekimi ve bunun trafi\u011fini tam olarak engellemek de istememi\u015ftir. Bu bitkinin ekiminin caiz, ondan uyu\u015fturucu yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ise haram oldu\u011funu, kendilerinin ha\u015fha\u015f\u0131 ekti\u011fini, uyu\u015fturucu \u00fcretimi ve kullan\u0131m\u0131nda ise gayrim\u00fcslimlerin devreye girdi\u011fi mazeretine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan Taliban, ger\u00e7ekte bu i\u015ften b\u00fcy\u00fck gelir elde etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Taliban_ve_Selefiler\"><strong>Taliban ve Selefiler<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Taliban\u2019\u0131n kendine mahsus zihin d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u015eiilerin ve \u0130slamc\u0131lar\u0131n sayg\u0131de\u011fer bir yeri bulunmamaktad\u0131r. el-K\u00e2ide\u2019nin hi\u00e7 beklenmedik bir \u015fekilde Taliban\u2019\u0131n himayesine girmesi Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri olduk\u00e7a \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtt\u0131. Bin Ladin\u2019in 1996\u2019da ABD\u2019ye, 1998\u2019de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ana-hatlariyla-yahudilik\/\" title=\"Ana Hatlar\u0131yla Yahudilik\">Yahudi <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ana-hatlariyla-hristiyanlik\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Ana Hatlar\u0131yla Hristiyanl\u0131k\">Hristiyanlara <\/a>kar\u015f\u0131 cihat ilan etti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fetvalar\u0131 ve bunun arkas\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen Afrika\u2019daki ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 akabinde ABD, Taliban\u2019dan Bin Ladin ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 teslim etmesini istedi. Taliban bu talebi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z b\u0131rakt\u0131. Bin Ladin bu tarihten, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 21 May\u0131s 2011 g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar Taliban\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla Afganistan ve Pakistan da gizlenerek \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc idare etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Pakistan_Talibani\"><strong>Pakistan Taliban\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/11_Eyl%C3%BCl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/11_Eyl%C3%BCl\">11 Eyl\u00fcl<\/a> sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan sorumlu tutulan el-Kaide\u2019ye ona koruma sa\u011flayan Taliban\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 ABD ve m\u00fcttefiklerince ba\u015flat\u0131lan askeri harekatla b\u00f6lge yeni bir d\u00f6neme girdi. Sadece Pakistan, Suudi Arabistan ve Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri\u2019nin resmen tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taliban devleti y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. H\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu \u015fehirlerden tamamen \u00e7ekilen Taliban, halk deste\u011fi buldu\u011fu k\u0131rsallarda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Cemaat-i_Teblig\"><strong>Cemaat-i Tebli\u011f<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1977\" width=\"355\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-7.jpg 835w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-7-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-7-768x404.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cemaat-i-teblig\" title=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/cemaat-i-teblig\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tebli\u011f Cemaati<\/a> k\u00f6kleri Diyobendiyye\u2019ye dayanan ve bug\u00fcn k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta faaliyetleri olan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir cemaattir. Cemaatin kurucusu say\u0131lan Diyobend Darul\u00fbmu mezunu Mevl\u00e2na Muhammed \u0130lyas Kandehlevi\u2019dir (1885-1944).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cemaat tebli\u011f edilecek esaslar\u0131 alt\u0131 prensip alt\u0131nda toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>1-Kelime-i tevhid<br>2-Namaz<br>3-\u0130lim ve zikir<br>4-\u0130kram ve ihtiram-\u0131 m\u00fcslimin<br>5-\u0130hlas-\u0131 niyet ve samimiyet<br>6-Tefr\u00ee\u011f-i vakti (tebli\u011f i\u00e7in vakit ay\u0131rmak)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Tebli\u011f genellikle camilerde \u00f6\u011flen ve ak\u015fam namazlar\u0131n\u0131n hemen akabinde cami cemaatine yap\u0131l\u0131r. 15-20 dakikal\u0131k sohbetlerle yap\u0131l\u0131r. Alt\u0131 prensipten biri etraf\u0131nda konu\u015fma \u015fekillenir. Kur\u2019an ayetleri ile Hz. Peygamber ve ashab\u0131n s\u00f6z ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla \u00f6rneklendirilen ve nasihatv\u00e2ri tavsiye ve telkinleri i\u00e7eren bu konu\u015fmalar\u0131n hemen akabinde haz\u0131r olan cemaate kendileriyle birlikte tebli\u011f faaliyetine kat\u0131lma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tebli\u011f mahiyetindeki ve grup i\u00e7i okumalarda esas al\u0131nan kaynaklar Muhammed Yusuf Kandehlevi\u2019nin Hayatu\u2019s-Sahabe\u2019si ile Muhammed Zekeriyya Kandehlevi\u2019nin (1898-1982) Fezail-i A\u2019mal adl\u0131 kitaplar\u0131d\u0131r. Yine me\u015fhur hadis derlemesi Riy\u00e2z\u00fc\u2019s-S\u00e2lihin ba\u015fvurulan eserler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Cemaati tebli\u011fi medrese k\u00f6kenli di\u011fer gelenek\u00e7i olu\u015fumlardan ay\u0131ran temel nokta, cemaatin belli bir mezhep y\u00f6netiminin olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan faaliyet g\u00f6steren bir cemaatin belli bir f\u0131k\u0131h mezhebinin takip\u00e7isi olmamas\u0131 do\u011fal ve makul bir tutum olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmelidir; herkes kendi mezhebini izlemekte serbesttir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Sii_Medrese_Gelenegi_ve_Iran_Islam_Cumhuriyeti\"><strong>\u015eii Medrese Gelene\u011fi ve \u0130ran \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130ran \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti, \u015eii medresenin \u00f6nderlik etti\u011fi 1979 \u0130slam devrimi ile kurulmu\u015f bir devlettir. Devrimin lideri Ayetullah Humeyn\u00ee (1902-1989) asl\u0131nda bir medrese m\u00fcderrisidir ve kendisi gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen mollalarla birlikte 1969\u2019lardan itibaren devrim s\u00fcrecini y\u00f6netmi\u015fledir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dini ve mezhebi gelene\u011fin modern ve rasyonel yorumu ve otoritelerle buland\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 hususunda medresenin gayet muhafazak\u00e2r oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bilhassa \u00fcniversite gen\u00e7li\u011findeki \u0130slamc\u0131 ve devrimci bilin\u00e7lenmeye kitap ve konferanslar\u0131yla \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u015eii fikir adam\u0131 Ali \u015eeriati\u2019nin (1933-1977) modernist izahlar\u0131 medresenin tepkisiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve bast\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Seyyid H\u00fcseyin Nasr (1933), Abd\u00fclkerim Suru\u015f (1945), Muhammed M\u00fc\u00e7tehit \u015eeb\u00fcsteri gibi ayd\u0131nlar da medrese gelenek\u00e7ili\u011finin asla onaylamayaca\u011f\u0131 modernist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri nedeniyle d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Tarikat_Gelenekciligi\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Tarikat Gelenek\u00e7ili\u011fi<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1978\" width=\"332\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-8.jpg 755w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Gelenekcilik-8-300x179.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Tasavvuf ve tarikatlar, \u0130slamiyet\u2019in en kuvvetli geleneklerinden birisini te\u015fkil etmektedirler. Medrese gelene\u011finde nas\u0131l \u00e2limler-hocalar silsilesi varsa tarikatlarda da geriye do\u011fru Hz. Peygamber\u2019e kadar ula\u015fan \u015feyhler-m\u00fcr\u015fitler silsilesi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarikat gelene\u011fine yaslanan olu\u015fumlara, Hint alt k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck te\u015fkilatlar\u0131nda biri olan Barelviyye \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir \u00f6rnek olabilir. Barelviyye cemaati hem Ehl-i Hadis\u2019in hem de Diyobendiyye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgedeki alternatifi ve rakibi durumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Barelviyye\"><strong>Barelviyye<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cemaatin kurucusu Ahmet R\u0131za Han Barelvi (1856-1921) bir m\u00fcr\u015fid olmaktan \u00e7ok bir alim olarak tebar\u00fcz etmi\u015ftir. T\u0131pk\u0131 Diyobendiyye\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi Barelviyye\u2019de de medrese-tarikat birlikteli\u011fi mevcuttur. Farkl\u0131l\u0131k \u015fu ki Diyobendiyye\u2019de medrese gelene\u011fi bask\u0131 iken Barelviyye\u2019de tarikat gelene\u011fi bask\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah\u2019a yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n arac\u0131s\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayaca\u011f\u0131 kanaatindeki Barelviyye\u2019ye g\u00f6re Hz. Muhammed (as) ile yap\u0131lan tevess\u00fcl Allah yolunda \u015f\u00fcphesiz \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. Fakat yeterli de\u011fildir. Zira Hz. Peygamber\u2019e yak\u0131nla\u015fmak i\u00e7in de onun vekilleri olan pirlere ve \u015feyhlere m\u00fcracaat etmek gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle bir m\u00fcr\u015fide intisap vaciptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcr\u015fidin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra da devam eden manevi ir\u015fattan nasiplenmek ve bereketi celb etmek i\u00e7in gerekli ba\u011flant\u0131 kabir \u00fczerinden kurulur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla mezarlar, yat\u0131rlar ve t\u00fcrbeler hem dini hem de d\u00fcnyevi kazan\u0131mlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli mekanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diyobendiyye\u2019nin s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 siyasi duru\u015funun Barelviyye taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6sterilmedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Hint ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n destekledi\u011fi Osmanl\u0131 hilafetinin ayakta kalama m\u00fccadelesine yine Barelviyye ilgisiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ahmet R\u0131zaya g\u00f6re \u201chilafetin Kurey\u015f\u2019ten olmas\u0131\u201d rivayeti gere\u011fince haddi zat\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 sultanlar\u0131 zaten halife s\u0131fat\u0131na haiz olamazlar. Barelviyye\u2019nin s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik ve hilafet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki tav\u0131rlar\u0131 \u0130ngilizleri ho\u015fnut eden bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede neticelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Turkiyede_Halidiyye_Naksiligi\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Halidiyye Nak\u015fili\u011fi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019si faal tarikatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu Nak\u015fibendiyye k\u00f6kenlidir. Nak\u015fili\u011fin Anadolu\u2019da g\u00fc\u00e7 kazanmas\u0131, bu tarikat\u0131n Halidiyye kolunun Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda te\u015fkilatlanmas\u0131yla ba\u015flar. Halidiyye\u2019nin kurucusu Mevl\u00e2na Halid el-Ba\u011fdadi\u2019dir (1779-1827). Halidiyye Nak\u015fili\u011fi\u2019nin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc karakterlerinde belli ba\u015fl\u0131 motifler \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Seriata_Riayet\"><strong>\u015eeriata Riayet<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Tasavvuf d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin bat\u0131n\u00ee tonu, bu tarikata g\u00f6rece hayli zay\u0131ft\u0131r. Mevl\u00e2na Halid\u2019invahdet-i v\u00fccudun zirve eserlerinde Muhyiddin\u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l Arabi\u2019ye (\u00f6.638\/1240) ait F\u00fct\u00fbhat ve Fus\u00fbs gibi kitaplar\u0131 okumay\u0131 dervi\u015flerin yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Bunun yerine zahiri ilimlere \u00f6nem verilmi\u015ftir. Tefsir-Hadis gelene\u011fine, Hanefi ve \u015eafii f\u0131kh\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k bu tarikat\u0131n medrese ile i\u00e7lili\u011fini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1826\u2019 da yeni\u00e7erilerin la\u011fvedilmesinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan birisi bu askeri oca\u011f\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu tarikat olan Bekta\u015fili\u011fin yasaklanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bekta\u015fi tekkelerinin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131yla e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak Anadolu\u2019ya gelmeye ba\u015flayan Halidi halifeleri, Bekta\u015fili\u011fin b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015flu\u011fu doldurdu. \u015eeriata uygun bir dini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi ve davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imini devlet adamlar\u0131na telkin etme gayreti, Halidili\u011fe \u0130mam Rabbani\u2019den tevar\u00fcs eden bir hususiyettir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Hadis_Zikir_ve_Sohbet\"><strong>Hadis, Zikir ve Sohbet<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Halidiyye tarikat\u0131 cehri zikre kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle co\u015fkusal ayinsel g\u00f6steriler ve m\u00fczik e\u015fli\u011finde sem\u00e2 ho\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Osmanliya_Sadakat\"><strong>Osmanl\u0131ya Sadakat<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Halidiyye Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n muhaf\u0131z\u0131 olan bir hilafet devleti olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda da ayn\u0131 tav\u0131r sergilenerek devletin ve hilafetin ya\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in Ankara y\u00f6netimine destek verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"Sia_Karsitligi\"><strong>\u015eia Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran m\u00fccadelesinde arada kalm\u0131\u015f bir co\u011frafya olan Kuzey Irak\u2019ta geli\u015fen Halidilik, bu gergin siyasi ortamda deste\u011fini Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan esirgememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Nak\u015fi tarikatlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu Halidi bir silsileye sahiptir. Do\u011frudan \u0130mam Rabbani\u2019ye dayanan ve Mevl\u00e2na Halid\u2019den daha erken d\u00f6nemlerde Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan M\u00fcceddidi silsile yayg\u0131n olamamakla birlikte, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0131slahat\u00e7\u0131 dini hareketlerden biri olan S\u00fcleymanc\u0131l\u0131k cemaati, kurucusu olan S\u00fcleyman Hilmi Efendi (1888-1959) kanal\u0131yla cemaatin \u201calt\u0131n silsile\u201d ad\u0131 verdi\u011fi m\u00fcceddidekadar bir silsileye sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer bir b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0131slahat\u00e7\u0131 hareket olan Nurculu\u011fun kurucusu Bedi\u00fczzaman Said Nursi (1878-1960) ise Nor\u015fin Medresesinin talebesidir. Bilindi\u011fi gibi Nor\u015fin Medreseleleri ayn\u0131 zamanda Halidiyye \u015feyhlerinin himayesinde faaliyet g\u00f6steren kurumlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130stanbul\u2019un \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck derg\u00e2h\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye \u00e7ap\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n ve etkin bir di\u011fer Tasavvufi olu\u015fum Ad\u0131yaman Menzil tarikat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki sufiyye tabanl\u0131 yap\u0131lar, benzerlerinin Pakistan da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bizzat siyasi parti olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmemekle beraber, \u00e7e\u015fitli siyasi hareketlere a\u00e7\u0131k veya kapal\u0131 destek vererek toplumsal katmanlarda ve devlet nezdinde etkin ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, oy \u00e7ekebilecekleri bu yap\u0131larla \u00f6zellikle sa\u011f partilerin s\u00fcrekli dirsek temas\u0131nda olduklar\u0131 bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>Bu makaleyi okuyanlar i\u00e7in tavsiye yaz\u0131lar: <\/strong><br><strong>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/islahatcilik\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Islahat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k\">Islahat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k<\/a>&#8220;<\/strong><br><strong>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/atif.sobiad.com\/index.jsp?modul=makale-detay&amp;Alan=sosyal&amp;Id=AXC-fxQjyZgeuuwfWCq8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Siyasal \u0130slam Y\u00fckseli\u015fi ve D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc: \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k ve \u0130slamofobi Konusunda Bir De\u011ferlendirme<\/a>&#8220;<br>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/pub\/eskiyeni\/issue\/37266\/430465\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gelenek\u00e7ilik ve \u0130slam D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde Gelenek<\/a>&#8220;<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2><span id=\"Kaynaklar\"><strong style=\"color: initial;\">Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>TDV \u0130slam Ansiklopedisi, \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k Maddesi.<br>TDV \u0130slam Ansiklopedisi, Bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma Maddesi.<br>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130slam Ak\u0131mlar\u0131, Mehmet Ali B\u00fcy\u00fckkara, Klasik Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2016.<br>Ana Hatlar\u0131yla \u0130slam Mezhepleri Tarihi, Mustafa \u00d6z, Ensar Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2013.<br>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Fikir Ak\u0131mlar\u0131, Muhammed Kutup, Beka Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2013.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gelenek\u00e7ilik<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1248,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[488,490,489,491],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1981,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41\/revisions\/1981"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}