{"id":4122,"date":"2020-09-12T12:16:48","date_gmt":"2020-09-12T09:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/?p=4122"},"modified":"2022-09-24T11:27:41","modified_gmt":"2022-09-24T08:27:41","slug":"ulemanin-bahar-i-omru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/ulemanin-bahar-i-omru\/","title":{"rendered":"Uleman\u0131n Bahar-\u0131 \u00d6mr\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_wrap_left no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Abdulhay_el-Leknevi_1847-1886\">Abdulhay el-Leknev\u00ee: (1847-1886) <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ahmet_b_Hanbel_780-855\">Ahmet b. Hanbel: (780-855) <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ebul-Hasen_en-Nedvi_1914-1999\">Ebu\u2019l-Hasen en-Nedv\u00ee: (1914-1999) <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Imam_Buhari_809-869\">\u0130mam Buhar\u00ee: (809-869) <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ibni_Teymiye_1262-1327\">\u0130bni Teymiye: (1262-1327) <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ibn_Hacer_el-Askalani_1371-1448\">\u0130bn Hacer el-Askal\u00e2n\u00ee: (1371-1448) <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Imam_Nevevi_1233-1277\">\u0130mam Nevev\u00ee: (1233-1277) <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Enver_Sah_Kesmiri_1875-1933\">Enver \u015eah Ke\u015fmir\u00ee: (1875-1933) <\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Abdulhay_el-Leknevi_1847-1886\"><strong>Abdulhay el-Leknev\u00ee: (1847-1886) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Fakih ve muhaddis. Hindistan\u2019\u0131n Lucknow kentinde d\u00fcnyaya gelen gen\u00e7 \u00e2lim, ilm\u00ee ser\u00fcvenine 5 ya\u015f\u0131nda Kuran ezberiyle ba\u015flad\u0131. 10 ya\u015f\u0131nda cemaate teravih namaz\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, hayat\u0131n\u0131 konu alan N\u00e2fi\u2019 el-Kebir kitab\u0131nda ilimleri \u00f6\u011frenmeye 11 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda iken ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 17\u2019sinde 12 farkl\u0131 ilim dal\u0131na ait b\u00fct\u00fcn ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zikreder. \u0130lim i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok yolculuk yapt\u0131. Hem hukuk hem hadis alan\u0131nda kendini yeti\u015ftirdi. \u0130lk eserini fars\u00e7a morfoloji (sarf) \u00fczerine 12 ya\u015f\u0131nda verdi. \u00c7e\u015fitli ilimlerde kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 eser say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Abdu\u2019l-Fettah Ebu Gudde 115 kadar oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. \u00d6\u011frencilerinin say\u0131s\u0131 say\u0131lamayacak kadar \u00e7oktur. \u00d6\u011frencisi Ebu\u2019l-Haf\u00eez \u201cKenzu\u2019l-Berak\u00e2t\u201dta hocas\u0131n\u0131n yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 hastal\u0131k sonucu 39 ya\u015f\u0131nda Lucknow\u2019da vefat etti\u011fini nakleder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Ahmet_b_Hanbel_780-855\"><strong>Ahmet b. Hanbel: (780-855) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ehl-i s\u00fcnnetin imam\u0131, d\u00f6rt mezhep kurucular\u0131ndan. Dev hadis k\u00fclliyat\u0131 \u201cM\u00fcsned\u201din sahibi. Halku\u2019l-Kur\u2019\u00e2n (Kuran\u2019\u0131n yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131) meselesinin bilinen ma\u011fdurlar\u0131ndan. Kimseye muhta\u00e7 kalmamak u\u011fruna \u00fccret mukabilinde yaz\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve hamall\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f m\u00fctevaz\u0131, onurlu ve ender bir ki\u015filik. 15\u2019inde hadis mesaisine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, 21\u2019inde ilim i\u00e7in diyar diyar seyr-u sefer etmi\u015ftir. Hadis\u00e7ili\u011finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra derin f\u0131k\u0131h birikimi \u00f6\u011frencileri i\u00e7in ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu. O devirde toplam\u0131 on binlerce sayfa tutan bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane geride b\u0131rakt\u0131. Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta vefat eden, arkas\u0131nda Buhar\u00ee ve M\u00fcslim gibi \u00fcst\u00fcn hadis \u00e2limleri b\u0131rakan imam\u0131n kurdu\u011fu ve s\u00fcnnete yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile bilinen Hanbeli mezhebi Arabistan ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yerinde yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Ebul-Hasen_en-Nedvi_1914-1999\"><strong>Ebu\u2019l-Hasen en-Nedv\u00ee: (1914-1999) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcnyaca \u00fcnl\u00fc davet\u00e7i Hindistan\u2019\u0131n Lucknow kentinde d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Yaz\u0131ya dair tecr\u00fcbesi erken d\u00f6nemlere uzan\u0131r. 17-18 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken Arap\u00e7a ve Urduca makaleleri ne\u015fr edildi. 20 ya\u015f\u0131nda D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Ul\u00fbm\u2019da Kuran, tefsir ve Arap edebiyat\u0131 dersleri vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Klasik e\u011fitim sisteminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kendi metodunu kurmu\u015f, daha sonra Nedvet\u00fc\u2019l-Ulem\u00e2 ad\u0131yla tan\u0131nacak \u00fcniversitenin temellerini atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nedv\u00ee 25\u2019inde ilk kitab\u0131n\u0131 Urduca yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015f, 30\u2019unda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en me\u015fhur yap\u0131t\u0131 \u201cM\u00e2z\u00e2 hasire\u2019l- \u00e2lem binhit\u00e2ti\u2019l-m\u00fcslim\u00een\u201d ile t\u00fcm \u0130slam \u00e2leminin dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. \u00dcstad Fars\u00e7a, \u0130ngilizce ve Arap\u00e7ay\u0131 anadili gibi konu\u015fuyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Imam_Buhari_809-869\"><strong>\u0130mam Buhar\u00ee: (809-869) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hadis ilminde m\u00fcminlerin emiri. \u0130bn Huzeyme der ki: \u201c\u015eu g\u00f6k kubbe alt\u0131nda peygamberin hadislerini Buhar\u00ee\u2019den daha iyi bilen kimse tan\u0131m\u0131yorum.\u201d \u0130bn Mub\u00e2rek\u2019in kitab\u0131n\u0131 ezberledi\u011finde daha 16 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u0130mam Zeheb\u00ee onun i\u00e7in \u201chadis i\u015fitmek i\u00e7in bir senelik yolu g\u00f6ze almaktan \u00e7ekinmeyecek kadar\u201d azimli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Hatib Ba\u011fd\u00e2d\u00ee \u201cT\u00e2r\u00eehu Ba\u011fd\u00e2d\u201dda her cildi 200 sayfadan fazla olan 10 ciltlik Tarih-i kebir adl\u0131 ilk eserini telife ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 18\u2019ine daha yeni girdi\u011fini nakleder. Peygamberin kabri yan\u0131nda 23 ya\u015f\u0131nda yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, 600 bin hadis aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7erek 900\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde hocadan rivayet etti\u011fi ve 7563 tane hadis i\u00e7eren \u201cel-Camiu\u2019s sahih\u201d naml\u0131 eseri tam 16 senede tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Ibni_Teymiye_1262-1327\"><strong>\u0130bni Teymiye: (1262-1327) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eeyhu\u2019l \u0130slam, Kuran\u2019\u0131n terc\u00fcman\u0131 ve m\u00fccahit. Gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta allame olu\u015fu \u00e7ekece\u011fi \u00e7ilelere kap\u0131 aralad\u0131. Haf\u0131z Zeheb\u00ee Tezkirat\u00fc\u2019l-Huffaz\u2019da \u201cufakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilim meclislerine kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kendinden b\u00fcy\u00fcklerle m\u00fcnazaralar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ya\u015f\u0131ndan beklenmeyen malumata vak\u0131f oldu\u011funu ve fetva verdi\u011finde 19\u2019un alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu\u201d nakleder. Salahattin el-K\u00fctb\u00ee\u2019nin Vefey\u00e2t\u00fc\u2019l-Vefey\u00e2t\u2019\u0131nda \u201cGeride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eser say\u0131s\u0131 300 cilt (yakla\u015f\u0131k 702 eser) kadard\u0131\u201d ifadesi ge\u00e7er. Cevval ve \u00fcretken olan \u0130bni Teymiye gitti\u011fi her yerde bir\u00e7ok eser kaleme ald\u0131. Kabr-i Nebinin ziyaret edilemeyece\u011fine dair verdi\u011fi fetvadan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc hapse at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u015eam kalesinde hapisteyken vefat etmi\u015ftir. Muazzam fetva k\u00fclliyat\u0131na sahip \u00fcstad\u0131n kitaplar\u0131ndaki tetkiklerden hareketle ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 asr\u0131n insan\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve medeniyet potansiyeline dair ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Ibn_Hacer_el-Askalani_1371-1448\"><strong>\u0130bn Hacer el-Askal\u00e2n\u00ee: (1371-1448) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hadis haf\u0131z\u0131 ve asr\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7kini. Kuran\u2019\u0131 9 ya\u015f\u0131nda h\u0131fz etmi\u015f ve K\u00e2be\u2019de 12 ya\u015f\u0131nda teravih k\u0131ld\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 15\u2019inde rahle-i tedrisata ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilimlerin temel metinlerini ezbere biliyordu. Edebiyatla ilgilenmekten vazge\u00e7ip t\u00fcm insanlara yararl\u0131 olacak hadis ve f\u0131k\u0131h ihtisas\u0131 i\u00e7in kollar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131vam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hocas\u0131 el-Irak\u00ee\u2019nin icazetiyle 25\u2019inde hocal\u0131\u011fa ba\u015flayan allamenin en b\u00fcy\u00fck eseri Buhari \u015ferhi Fethu\u2019l-Bar\u00ee k\u00fclliyat\u0131d\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 alanlarda telif\u00e2t\u0131 bulunup, gelene\u011fe hediye etti\u011fi kitap 289 kadard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Imam_Nevevi_1233-1277\"><strong>\u0130mam Nevev\u00ee: (1233-1277) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hadis\u00e7ilerin ve fakihlerin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc. Vefat etti\u011finde 46 ya\u015f\u0131nda olan \u00e2limin ilim hayat\u0131na 18 ya\u015flar\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hesap edersek geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserleri g\u00fcnlere yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda g\u00fcnde 23 kitap\u00e7\u0131k (iki kitap) eder ki, bu da Allah\u2019\u0131n ona bah\u015fetti\u011fi hayat\u0131n ne kadar bereketli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Zeheb\u00ee el-Iber\u2019de \u201c\u015eam\u2019da 10 sene kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hayat\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc zayi etmedi\u011fini\u201d s\u00f6yler. Talebeli\u011finde hocalar\u0131ndan g\u00fcndelik 12 tane ders al\u0131r ve 12 tane ders verirdi. Riy\u00e2zu\u2019s-S\u00e2lih\u00een ve el-Minh\u00e2c telifat\u0131n\u0131n en me\u015fhurlar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Eserlerinin say\u0131s\u0131 tamamlayamad\u0131klar\u0131yla beraber 660\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Enver_Sah_Kesmiri_1875-1933\"><strong>Enver \u015eah Ke\u015fmir\u00ee: (1875-1933) <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarih\u00e7i, fakih ve muhaddis. Hen\u00fcz 13 ya\u015f\u0131na girmemi\u015fti fetva vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda. Gelene\u011fe ait b\u00fct\u00fcn hadis kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 21 ya\u015f\u0131nda bitirdi. \u0130lk okumalar\u0131nda Ahmet b. Hanbeli\u2019in M\u00fcsned\u2019inden her g\u00fcn 200 sayfa okur, ayn\u0131 anda \u00f6zetini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rd\u0131. Gen\u00e7li\u011finde g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00fcst\u00fcn muhakeme melekesi, bir defas\u0131nda bir meselenin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f Ke\u015fmir halk\u0131n\u0131n kendisinden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir cevapla herkes taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fc\u015fahede edilmi\u015fti. Ke\u015fmir\u00ee\u2019ye nispet edilen eserlerin ekseriyeti kendisi taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil, \u00f6\u011frencilerine yazd\u0131rmakla g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130&ccedil;indekilerAbdulhay el-Leknev\u00ee: (1847-1886) Ahmet b. Hanbel: (780-855) Ebu\u2019l-Hasen en-Nedv\u00ee: (1914-1999) \u0130mam Buhar\u00ee: (809-869) \u0130bni Teymiye: (1262-1327) \u0130bn Hacer el-Askal\u00e2n\u00ee: (1371-1448) \u0130mam Nevev\u00ee: (1233-1277) Enver \u015eah Ke\u015fmir\u00ee: (1875-1933) Abdulhay el-Leknev\u00ee: (1847-1886) Fakih ve muhaddis. Hindistan\u2019\u0131n Lucknow kentinde d\u00fcnyaya gelen gen\u00e7 \u00e2lim, ilm\u00ee ser\u00fcvenine 5 ya\u015f\u0131nda Kuran ezberiyle ba\u015flad\u0131. 10 ya\u015f\u0131nda cemaate teravih namaz\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4331,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[560],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4122"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4122"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4708,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4122\/revisions\/4708"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4331"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}