{"id":68,"date":"2021-05-07T14:20:38","date_gmt":"2021-05-07T11:20:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.safirtema.com\/safirblog\/2018\/05\/03\/avustralya-gozunu-uzaya-dikti\/"},"modified":"2021-11-29T12:39:42","modified_gmt":"2021-11-29T09:39:42","slug":"hukum-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/hukum-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fck\u00fcm Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_wrap_left no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#HUKUM_NEDIRnbsp\">H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?&nbsp;<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#TEKLIFI_HUKUM_NEDIR\">TEKL\u0130F\u0130 H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-Vacip\">1-Vacip<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-Mendup\">2-Mendup<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-Haram\">3-Haram<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-Mekruh\">4-Mekruh<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-Mubah\">5-M\u00fcbah<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#nbspVAZ8217I_HUKUM_NEDIR\">&nbsp;VAZ&#8217;\u00ce H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-Sebep_Alamet\">1-Sebep (Al\u00e2met)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-Rukun\">2-R\u00fck\u00fcn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-Sart\">3-\u015eart<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-Mani_Engel\">4-Mani (Engel)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynaklar\">Kaynaklar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"HUKUM_NEDIRnbsp\"><strong>H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?<em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hukum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">H\u00fck\u00fcm,<\/a><\/strong> Allah\u2019\u0131n m\u00fckelleflerin fiillerine ili\u015fkin hitab\u0131 veya bu hitab\u0131n sonucu olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcm konusunu kendi i\u00e7erisinde <strong><em>teklif\u00ee ve vaz\u2019\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcm<\/em><\/strong> olmak \u00fczere iki ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"TEKLIFI_HUKUM_NEDIR\"><b>TEKL\u0130F\u0130 H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fckellefe bir \u015feyi yap\u0131p yapmama konusunda y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck veya serbestlik tan\u0131yan h\u00fck\u00fcmlere <strong><em>teklif\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcm<\/em><\/strong> denir. Teklif\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin be\u015f farkl\u0131 kademesi vard\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015femay\u0131 inceledikten sonra teklif\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin neler oldu\u011funa birlikte g\u00f6z atmaya ba\u015flayabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-01-1024x249.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1275\" width=\"639\" height=\"156\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-01-1024x249.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-01-300x73.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-01-768x186.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-01-1536x373.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"1-Vacip\"><strong>1-Vacip<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah\u2019\u0131n kullar\u0131ndan yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi \u015feylerin emir d\u00fczeyindeki en \u00fcst talebine vacip denir. Ki\u015fi vacip olan bir \u015feyi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sevap kazan\u0131rken, yapmay\u0131 terk etti\u011finde g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"2-Mendup\"><strong>2-Mendup<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Allah\u2019\u0131n bir \u015feyi do\u011frudan emretmeden kulundan yapmas\u0131n\u0131 bekledi\u011fi fiilleri i\u00e7erir. Mendup olan bir fiili i\u015fleyen kimse sevap kazan\u0131r. Terk eden ise g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r olmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"3-Haram\"><strong>3-Haram<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 kesin bir dille emredilen \u015feye haram denir. Haram\u0131 i\u015fleyen bir kimse g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r olur ve cezay\u0131 hak eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"4-Mekruh\"><strong>4-Mekruh<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Ho\u015flan\u0131lmayan ve be\u011fenilmeyen fiilleri i\u00e7erir. Yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r olunmaz terk edilirse sevap kazan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"5-Mubah\"><strong>5-M\u00fcbah<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Helal ve caiz olan fiilleri ifade eder. Ki\u015fi bu fiilleri yap\u0131p yapmamakta muhayyerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Kavramlar hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgilere ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/vacip--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1.Vacip<\/a><br><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mendup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2.Mendup<\/a><br><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/haram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3.Haram<\/a><br><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mekruh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4.Mekruh<\/a><br><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mubah\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5.M\u00fcbah<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"nbspVAZ8217I_HUKUM_NEDIR\"><strong>&nbsp;VAZ&#8217;\u00ce H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vaz\u2019\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcm, teklif\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 birtak\u0131m kay\u0131t ve \u015fartlard\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu kay\u0131t ve \u015fartlar d\u00f6rt ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda incelenir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-02-1024x262.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1276\" width=\"610\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-02-1024x262.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-02-300x77.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-02-768x196.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-02-1536x393.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/hukum-nedir-02.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"1-Sebep_Alamet\"><strong>1-Sebep (Al\u00e2met)<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir h\u00fckm\u00fcn bulunup bulunmamas\u0131n\u0131 kendisine ba\u011flayan \u015feydir. Burada ibadetleri \u00f6rnek olarak verebiliriz. Mesela namaz, vaktin girmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Vakit burada namaz i\u00e7in sebeptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"2-Rukun\"><strong>2-R\u00fck\u00fcn<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u015feyin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olan unsurdur. Mesela k\u0131yam ve k\u0131raat namaz i\u00e7in r\u00fck\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bunlar olmadan namaz olmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"3-Sart\"><strong>3-\u015eart<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0131pk\u0131 sebep gibi teklifi bir h\u00fck\u00fcm i\u00e7in gerekli olan \u015feydir. Fakat aralar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle bir n\u00fcans s\u00f6z konusu: Sebep bulundu\u011funda m\u00fcsebbibin olmas\u0131 da gerekir. Fakat \u015fart bulundu\u011funda sonucun bulunmas\u0131 gerekmez. Mesela ak\u015fam namaz\u0131n\u0131n vakti girdi\u011finde namaz k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir fakat abdest al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mutlaka namaz k\u0131lmak gerekmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><span id=\"4-Mani_Engel\"><strong>4-Mani (Engel)<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bulundu\u011funda, h\u00fckm\u00fcn bulunmamas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lan unsurdur. Yani mani varsa h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00f6z konusu olamaz. Mesela varisin murisini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesi durumunda miras alamayacak olmas\u0131 mani ile ilintilidir. Varisin \u00f6ld\u00fcrme fiili, bir engel (mani) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Kavramlar hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgilere ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sebep--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1.Sebep<\/a><br><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/rukun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2.R\u00fck\u00fcn<\/a><br><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sart--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3.\u015eart<\/a><br><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mani--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4.Mani<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>Bu makaleyi okuyanlar i\u00e7in tavsiye yaz\u0131: &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/delil-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"Delil Nedir?\">Delil Nedir?<\/a>&#8220;<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3><span id=\"Kaynaklar\"><strong>Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/hukum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00dcz\u00fcm, \u0130lyas. \u201cH\u00fck\u00fcm\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/vacip--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00f6nmez, \u0130brahim K\u00e2fi. \u201cVacip\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mendup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Koca, Ferhat. \u201cMendup\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/haram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Demirci, K\u00fcr\u015fat. \u201cHaram\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mekruh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Koca, Ferhat. \u201cMekruh\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mubah\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00f6nmez, \u0130brahim K\u00e2fi. \u201cM\u00fcbah\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sebep--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00f6nmez, \u0130brahim K\u00e2fi. \u201cSebep\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/rukun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ayengin, Tevhit. \u201cR\u00fck\u00fcn\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/sart--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boynukal\u0131n, Mehmet. \u201c\u015eart\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mani--fikih\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Koca, Ferhat. \u201cMani\u201d, D\u0130A<\/a><br><u>Faruk Be\u015fer, Kolay Usul\u00fc F\u0131k\u0131h, Nun Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 2019, 2. Bask\u0131<br><\/u><u>Abdullah Kahraman, F\u0131k\u0131h Usul\u00fc, Ra\u011fbet Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2016, 4. Bask\u0131<\/u><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130&ccedil;indekilerH\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?&nbsp;TEKL\u0130F\u0130 H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?1-Vacip2-Mendup3-Haram4-Mekruh5-M\u00fcbah&nbsp;VAZ&#8217;\u00ce H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?1-Sebep (Al\u00e2met)2-R\u00fck\u00fcn3-\u015eart4-Mani (Engel)Kaynaklar H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R?&nbsp; H\u00fck\u00fcm, Allah\u2019\u0131n m\u00fckelleflerin fiillerine ili\u015fkin hitab\u0131 veya bu hitab\u0131n sonucu olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcm konusunu kendi i\u00e7erisinde teklif\u00ee ve vaz\u2019\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcm olmak \u00fczere iki ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda inceleyece\u011fiz. TEKL\u0130F\u0130 H\u00dcK\u00dcM NED\u0130R? M\u00fckellefe bir \u015feyi yap\u0131p yapmama konusunda y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck veya serbestlik tan\u0131yan h\u00fck\u00fcmlere teklif\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcm denir. Teklif\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":803,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[229,228,230,234,233,232,231],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2380,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68\/revisions\/2380"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.emedrese.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}